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Ryszard Ławniczak 《Higher Education in Europe》2003,28(4):529-538
This essay reflects upon the themes that emerged from the “Public Relations—An Instrument for the Transformation and Development of Higher Education in Central and Eastern Europe” seminar, for which the articles appearing in this issue of Higher Education in Europe were originally prepared. The transitional public relations approach, which was developed and introduced to the world public relations literature by the author, is used to analyze the impact of this type of public relations on the reform of higher education in the former communist countries of Europe. The main conclusion is that, in view of the common communist heritage of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the application of public relations strategies and instruments in higher education accelerates and facilitates reform of this key area of the economy and also causes it to become more effective. The above statement is particularly valid for private universities. 相似文献
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Ryszard Tadeusiewicz 《Higher Education in Europe》2001,26(4):553-566
Experiments with virtual instruction systems undertaken at the University of Mining and Metallurgy of Cracow are described, particularly the preparation of computer-assisted teaching materials and their on-line distribution. Successfully dealing with the latter requires an answer to the fundamental question: what is the role of the Internet in education--to assist or to replace the instructor? An attempt is made to answer the question on the basis of an analysis of the properties and features of both the human teacher and the computer. A proposed conceptual model for the optimal distribution of educational tasks between human instructors and ICT facilities postulates that human teachers are needed to help students transform the detailed and varied information obtained via the Internet into knowledge and wisdom. Other areas explored are those of electronic publication, Internet access to university library resources, and the educational qualities of the global computer network. The main conclusion is that however much information technology may be a useful teaching aid, the human teacher is the most important role player in the whole area of virtual teaching technology. 相似文献
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This paper presents the characteristics of nickel-based alloys, alongside their division into groups, and describes the features that make such materials difficult to grind. The possibilities of exerting a positive influence upon machining conditions, especially through the proper application of grinding fluids, are briefly presented. Both the precise methodologies for, and the results of, the experimental tests carried out on flat surfaces are also detailed. The aim of these tests was to determine the influence of the application of two types of grinding liquid (Ecocut Mikro Plus 82 and Biocut 3000) upon the grinding force values and surface roughness of the machined workpieces made from three nickel alloys (Nickel 201, INCONEL® alloy 600, and MONEL® alloy 400). An additional goal of the tests was to determine the influence of grinding wheel structure on the course and results of the machining process. The results indicate that the physical and chemical properties of Biocut 3000 enabled the most advantageous properties of the machined surface roughness, alongside a simultaneous increase in grinding power, when compared to the results when applying Ecocut Mikro Plus 82. The results showed an almost inversely proportional dependence upon the specific tangential grinding force F t′ and arithmetic mean deviation of the surface profile R a values, especially in cases of machining Nickel 201 and INCONEL® alloy 600. The original traverse grinding methodology used in the tests made it possible to assess the changes of the grinding conditions within the conventionally selected zones. 相似文献
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Alicja Maurer Barbara Oszustowicz Ryszard Stocki 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1994,17(1):35-46
This paper presents some differences between men and women regarding their attitudes to work and the implications of those attitudes regarding counselling. The subjects were 300 Polish students (150 men and 150 women) and 306 German students. The study is part of a larger collaborative research program conducted in 43 countries by Lynn (1991). The results are presented against the background of Weber's (1929) Protestant work ethic, Schumpeter's (1934) theory of competitiveness, McClelland's (1976) theory of achievement motivation, and Wiener's (1981) theory of low valuation of business.All of these theories seek to show the relationship and influence of the psychology of the individual, as that is manifested in attitude, on the economic growth of a nation. The results of the present study support Wiener's theory that the social status of business occupations play an important role in the growth of economies. They also reveal that men are generally more concerned than women, with the attitudes, and values, that are considered as a motive power of economic growth. 相似文献
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Ryszard J. Górecki 《Higher Education in Europe》2001,26(3):327-340
The Polish University of Warmia and Mazury is presented as a very successful new, regional university located in northeastern Poland, the Polish part of what used to be East Prussia. The intellectual origins of this university go back to a post-Second World War desire on the part of Polish intellectuals to recreate the University of Koenigsberg on Polish territory. A first attempt, between 1945 and 1950, failed. The second attempt was brought to a conclusion, in September 1999, by the formal merger of the University of Agriculture and Technology of Olsztyn, harking back to 1950, and the Higher School of Pedagogy, also of Olsztyn, harking back to 1969. The new university has a traditional academic structure offering an eclectic curriculum. Its course offerings range from the liberal arts, philosophy, medicine and theology, to the latest fields in computer science, management, agriculture, land management, and many other disciplinary and interdisciplinary areas. The university has rapidly become a center of culture and development for its region, one of the poorest in Poland. 相似文献
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Higher education has a major contribution to make to the socio-economic and cultural life of contemporary Poland. The importance of promoting a continuous development in the tertiary educational sector is widely acknowledged throughout the world. In many countries, the number of students is still increasing, to reach or even to exceed a third of the relevant cohort. Yet in Poland the crisis of higher education which has been observed for some years has led to a rapid decline in student numbers. It is the purpose of the present article to look at underlying causes, including demographic, economic and other factors. Attention will be paid to the whole sector of higher education, but also to specific schools and faculties, and to the participation of women in particular. The impact of state educational policy will be considered, as will the changes in the interests and aspirations of the young generation. The focus is on quantitative changes in tertiary education, but some general conclusions will be drawn from them and an attempt will be made to assess their socio-economic and cultural implications. 相似文献
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