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A flash card computer program designed to increase decoding speed in reading was evaluated with a sample of 55 eight- to twelve-year-old Dutch poor readers by using a pretest-training-posttest control group design. The reading level of the poor readers was comparable to the reading level of normal readers in grade two. After 8 weeks of practicing (twice a week) for 30 minutes per session, children in the training group showed substantial improvements in decoding speed not only on pseudowords directly practiced during the training, but also in untrained pseudowords and in existing words. The no-training control group did not improve in decoding speed from pre- to posttest. The results, furthermore, indicate that syllable-bound processes play a role in phonological decoding in Dutch, and that the flash card method used in this study stimulates poor readers to decode letter strings into syllabic units, which leads to an increase in decoding speed. The role of the syllable in phonological decoding and the potential of a specific flash card technique as a means to improve decoding skills of poor readers are discussed. 相似文献
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PAULINE R. SCHREUDER 《Gender and education》1999,11(2):195-206
This article deals with theoretical problems connected with notions on gender, 'being an educated person', rationality and caring, and the Dutch curriculum for general education. The introduction of the subject 'taking care' as part of the curriculum for secondary education in the Netherlands, can be understood as a step towards a more gender-egalitarian curriculum. Discussions on the meaning of 'an educated person' and on the meaning of rationality within philosophy of education are described and used to analyse the aims of 'taking care'. The way 'gender' is at stake within this subject, and the implicit notion of an educated person are discussed, in order to find out if and how a gender-egalitarian curriculum, based upon a gender-egalitarian notion of an 'educated person', is possible. 相似文献
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