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OBJECTIVE: Much research has been done to examine the long-term effects of being victimized by sexual, physical, and/or emotional abuse in childhood, but much less research has focused on the impact of childhood neglect experiences. This study examines the role that childhood neglect has on adult women's involvement in HIV-related risky behaviors. METHODS: The data come from a study of 250 "at risk" women living in the Atlanta, GA metropolitan area, most of whom were African American. Data were collected in face-to-face interviews between 1997 and 2000. Multiple regression was used to explore the relationship between childhood neglect experiences, self-esteem, attitudes toward condom use, and involvement in HIV-related risky behaviors. RESULTS: Overall, the model tested received strong support by the study data. Childhood neglect led to reduced self-esteem. Neglect was associated with worsened attitudes toward condom use and women who experienced childhood neglect also reported more involvement in HIV risk behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: HIV intervention programs ought to target women who have experienced childhood neglect, as neglect experiences have adverse impacts upon their self-esteem, condom-related attitudes, and HIV risk behavior practices in adulthood. 相似文献
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Teachers and scholars from the Central region have been leaders in Communication Studies virtually since the beginnings of the modern era of the field, beginning with the organization of what is now the National Communication Association. Our predecessors in the Central States were imaginative risk‐takers. They saw ways for our discipline to make greater contributions to students and to knowledge and they moved the field in those ways. Such movement is more difficult today, but no less important. The authors encourage innovation and suggest ways to make innovations possible, despite the difficulties. 相似文献
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在大规模定制生产的基础上,对大规模定制供应链柔性的进行研究.在提出和界定柔性系数这一概念和影响它的六个主要因子的基础上,利用灰关联方法科学的计算出影响大规模供应链柔性关键因子,并以某家电企业实际数据为例进行实证分析. 相似文献
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B. Sterk A. K. Christian A. C. Gogan O. Sakyi-Dawson D. Kossou 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(4):361-379
AbstractPurpose: The article reports effects on livelihoods of a participatory technology development effort in Benin and Ghana (2001–2006), five years after it ended.Design: The study uses data from all smallholders who participated in seven experimental groups, each facilitated by a PhD researcher. Baseline data and controls were not available. In their dissertations the researchers had each made claims about the impact of their work on the livelihoods of those involved. These claims guided the study in each group, and referred to both impacts based on the superiority of the technology developed, and increased knowledge or capacity that participants claimed to have gained. Two local social scientists interviewed 187 farmers.Findings: The study found considerable evidence of continued beneficial use of technologies developed with farmers. The most important reason for no longer using a technology or institutional innovation was that smallholders had not been able to sustain the conditions for use. Lasting non-technological effects included more mutual understanding among community members, emancipation vis-à-vis researchers and colleagues, and an experimental attitude and research skills. Such effects were recorded for nearly all groups.Practical implications: Smallholders face small windows of opportunity. Technologies and institutional changes that depend on artificially created conditions are likely to be discontinued once those conditions are withdrawn (for example, access to Neem seeds or agreements about land use between landlords and tenants). The findings draw attention to the conditions that enable smallholders to innovate.Originality/value: The study represents a rare attempt to study impact five years later and compares seven independent cases. 相似文献
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高校是我国IC产业链中不可缺少的一部分,针对当前集成电路领域企业缺少原始技术积累、高校成果转化困难的问题,提出一种以IP核合作方式促进高校集成电路设计加快发展、实现高校与企业双赢的创新机制.以西安交通大学SoC设计中心近十年来的发展历程为案例进行分析,提出基于IP核开发的高校集成电路设计发展的具体策略. 相似文献
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