The present study reported on translating the Exercise Identity Scale (EIS: Anderson & Cychosz, 1994) into Greek and examining its psychometric properties and cross-cultural validity based on U.S. individuals' EIS responses. Using four samples comprising 33, 103, and 647 Greek individuals, including exercisers and nonexercisers, and a similar sample comprising 800 U.S. individuals, the concurrent validity, factor structure, internal reliability, test-retest reliability, external validity, gender invariance, and cross-cultural validity of the EIS responses were examined using confirmatory factor analytical procedures. The results supported the concurrent validity, an adequate unidimensional factor structure for the translated EIS and the internal reliability and test-retest reliability over a 6-week interval. Further, cross-gender configural, partial metric, partial strong factorial, and partial strict factorial invariance and cross-cultural configural and partial metric invariance supported the cross-cultural equivalence of the EIS versions. Moreover, the external validity of the translated EIS responses was also supported. Overall, the findings supported the validity of the exercise identity construct outside North American boundaries and the EIS items' equivalence, providing initial evidence for its cross-cultural applicability. 相似文献
This study examined the extent of measurement invariance of the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale responses (BPNES; Vlachopoulos & Michailidou, 2006) across male (n = 716) and female (n = 1,147) exercise participants. BPNES responses from exercise participants attending private fitness centers (n = 1,012) and community exercise programs (n = 851) were used. The 3-factor BPNES confirmatory factor analysis model, discriminant validity, and scale reliability were supported for both male and female participants separately. The multisample models supported the configural invariance, partial metric invariance, partial measurement error invariance, and partial scalar invariance of the BPNES responses across gender. Both male and female participants attached the same meaning to the constructs assessed by the BPNES items. The BPNES score invariance properties support tests of the needs universality hypothesis offered by self-determination theory across gender in exercise and meaningful comparison of the autonomy, competence, and relatedness construct latent means across gender. 相似文献
Adequate response to mail health surveys by minority populations has proved problematic. The impact of mail survey design features utilized to promote Orthodox Jews' responses (N = 138; 82 eligible synagogue member households) to a mailed questionnaire used to measure walking behavior are described and assessed. An examination of response characteristics by wave as an estimate of nonresponse bias and calculations of response speed and cost-effectiveness were conducted. Response rates of 54.8% and 52.9% for eligible households and individuals, respectively, were accumulated by using 9 of 14 recommended mail survey techniques for this particular population (e.g., culturally appropriate salutation and closing, religious iconography, Talmudic aphorisms, and incentives linked to Hebraic numerology and the synagogue's building fund). Nonrespondents most frequently cited business, forgetfulness, or lack of topic salience as reasons for not responding. No differences on sociodemographic items and 9 of 11 continuous variables were observed by response wave; response speed was slowest in response to later mailing waves; and cost-effectiveness was maximal during postcard follow-up (E statistic = 3.74). Nonresponse bias may not be problematic with a > 50% response rate in this particular population. Front-loading incentives may prompt quicker response and improve cost-effectiveness. Specific design considerations for future consideration and testing are provided. 相似文献
Critical theorists have called attention to the intensification of diversity that is now occurring inside and outside of school, while critically engaging with the detrimental effects of globalization on equity, diversity, and social justice. Globalization presents new challenges to education and to issues of social justice. In this article, we argue that there is a need for scholars in the field of physical education to re-think and re-frame the social-justice agenda to address current inequalities produced by globalization. To support this argument, we first reflect on the impact of global neoliberalism on physical education; second, we discuss the ways in which, as a result of global neoliberalism, public health discourses have an “othering” effect on ethnically diverse young people; third, we propose a theoretical shift from a focus on equality to a focus on difference; and finally, we conclude with considerations for future research and curricula in school physical education. 相似文献
Background: There is growing concern surrounding the ‘racialised’ body and the way young people develop dispositions towards physical activity (PA) and sports, and more broadly to physical culture. This paper draws on Bourdieu's social theory in an effort to explore the ways in which the intersectionality of various fields (family, religion and school) and their dimensions (culture and social class) influence young Muslims' physical culture.Purpose: More specifically the paper examines the ‘racialised’ pedagogic practices in various fields that influence young Muslims' dispositions to physical culture.Method: The study reports on the voices of 40 participants identifying as young Muslims (12–15 years old; 20 girls and 20 boys) from one secondary school in the South of England, UK. A case study approach was used to explore participants’ understanding, meaning, structural conditions and personal agency with regard to physical culture and ‘racialised’ body pedagogies. Data include semi-structured paired interviews with participants. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. More specifically, thematic analysis based on the notion of ‘fields' informed deductive and inductive procedures.Findings: Results suggested that religion had limited influence on the participants' agency when intersecting with schooling and social class with regard to embodiment of active physical culture. Economic capital, on the other hand, had a considerable influence on participants’ physical culture as it contributed to young people's access to PA opportunities, agency and body pedagogies. In addition, the study concludes that fields outside the school play a significant role in influencing and enabling young Muslims’ physical culture.Conclusions: One of the most significant implications of this study is emphasising that young Muslims should not be viewed as a homogenous group as various fields intersect to influence their participation in physical education and their embodiment of physical culture. Identified fields and their markers make dispositions unique, dependent upon characteristics and their relative influence. 相似文献
Abstract The present study examined the link between motivation profiles among adult sports participants and the consequences of enjoyment, effort, positive and negative affect, attitude toward sport participation, intention to continue sport participation, satisfaction, and frequency of attendance in sport. Two samples of participants (n = 590 and n = 555) completed the Sport Motivation Scale and a range of self-report measures to assess the outcome variables. Exploratory cluster analyses applied to Sample I and confirmatory cluster analysis applied to Sample 2 identified two clusters of sport participants. The first comprised participants with high scores on both nonself-determined and self-determined motives. The second comprised participants with high scores on self-determined motives but low scores on nonself-determined motives. Participants in the first cluster scored higher on all outcome variables. The results are discussed with reference to a more in-depth understanding of the motivation dynamics of sport participation based on Self-Determination Theory. 相似文献
In this study, we examined the factor structure and internal consistency of the Flow State Scale using responses of exercise participants.This self-report questionnaire consists of nine subscales designed to assess flow in sport and physical activity. It was administered to 1231 aerobic dance exercise participants. Confirmatory factor analyses were used to test three competing measurement models of the flow construct: a single-factor model, a nine-factor model and a hierarchical model positing a higher-order flow factor to explain the intercorrelations between the nine first-order factors. The single-factor model showed a poor fit to the data. The nine-factor model and the hierarchical model did not show an adequate fit to the data. All subscales of the Flow State Scale displayed acceptable internal consistency ( f > 0.70), with the exception of transformation of time ( f = 0.65). Collectively, the present results do not provide support for the tenability of the single-factor, nine-factor or hierarchical measurement models in an exercise setting. 相似文献
The present study investigated the nomological validity of the Amotivation Inventory–Physical Education (Shen, Wingert, Li, Sun, & Rukavina, 2010bShen, B., Wingert, R. K., Li, W., Sun, H. and Rukavina, P. B.2010b. An amotivation model in physical education. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education, 29: 72–84. [Web of Science ®], [Google Scholar]) scores by examining the associations of ability, effort, value, and task characteristics amotivation beliefs with self-determination theory variables. Data were collected from 401 fifth- and sixth-grade students, 416 middle-school students, and 401 high-school students. After providing support for the correlated four-factor structure, the hierarchical structure, internal consistency, and composite reliability of the Amotivation Inventory–Physical Education scores, large negative correlations emerged with perceived autonomy support by the PE teacher; needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness; identified regulation; intrinsic motivation; and students' subjective vitality. Strong positive correlations were obtained with unidimensional amotivation and external regulation, and weak correlations were obtained with introjected regulation. Also, multidimensional amotivation beliefs partially mediated the relationship between the need for autonomy and subjective vitality. The results provided support for the nomological aspect of construct validity of the Amotivation Inventory–Physical Education scores. 相似文献
For a long time on-the-job training has been considered as the single point of contact of technical education with the real world job market. Indeed, traditional on-the-job training activities are of great educational value and complement uniquely any classroom-based learning activity. However, it has been observed that several obstacles arise when integrating on-the-job training with traditional learning and that new network-based tools can be used to improve the situation. Following this concept, in this paper we introduce a network-assisted educational structure for business simulation activities which can be considered as an alternative or a complement to on-the-job training activities in technical professional education. Business Simulation Activities are based on the execution of business scenarios in a controlled educational environment with support by network tools. A simulation of the real world business environment is created and virtual companies are established in order to participate in a virtual marketplace using network-based learning support and aiming to provide on-the-job experience without the shortcomings of traditional on-the-job training. An operational structure, network distribution, implementation issues, as well as some experience from a pilot implementation of the concept, are presented in this paper. 相似文献
This is a cross‐cultural comparative study that sets out to explore teachers' knowledge, understanding and practices of the teaching of Physical Education (PE) to students from different cultural backgrounds. More specifically, it explores key issues in the teaching of PE to Muslim students. Thirteen PE teachers, six from England and seven from Greece were involved in face to face interviews exploring issues related to the teaching of PE to culturally diverse classes, their subject matter knowledge, pedagogical knowledge and knowledge of students' religion and culture. The findings suggest that teachers had a limited knowledge of their students' culture and religion. More specifically, ‘novice’ teachers with modest cultural knowledge faced difficulties in teaching students from culturally diverse backgrounds. The study stresses the need to increase student teachers' knowledge and understanding—as part of their initial teacher education courses—to respond and operate effectively towards wider inclusion of students from ethnic/culturally diverse backgrounds in PE and extra‐curricular activities (ECA).
Il s'agit d'une étude interculturelle qui a pour but l'exploration des connaissances des pratiques et la compréhension de l'enseignement de l'éducation physique (PE) offerte aux étudiants de milieux culturels divers. Plus spécifiquement, elle explore les questions clé dans l'enseignement de la PE aux élèves musulmans. 13 professeurs de PE dont six du Royaume Uni et sept de Grèce ont participé à des entretiens pour explorer des questions liées à l'enseignement de la PE aux classes culturellement diverses et pour évaluer leurs connaissances en ce qui concerne la matière et la pédagogie, ainsi que la religion et la culture de leurs éleves. Les conclusions indiquent que les professeurs ont des connaissances limitées de la culture et de la réligion de leurs étudiants. Plus spécifiquement, les professeurs débutants qui ont des connaissances peu aprofondies de la culture et de la réligion se retrouvent face à des difficultés lors de l'enseignement donné aux élèves issus de milieux culturels différents. L' étude souligne la nécessité d'améliorer les connaissances des professeurs au cours de leur formation professionnelle afin d'assurer aux étudiants d'origines culturelles et ethniques différentes une meilleure insertion dans la PE et la ECA.
Dieses ist eine inter‐kulturelle, vergleichende Studie, deren Intention es ist das Wissen, Verständnis und die Praxis von Lehrern zu untersuchen, die Schüler mit unterschiedlichen kulturellen und religiösen Hintergründen unterrichten. Insbesonder handelt es sich hierbei um spezifische Fragestellungen, die sich beim Unterrichten der Leibeserziehung mit moslemischen Schülern ergeben. 13 Sportlehrer, sechs aus Großbritannien und sieben aus Griechenland wurden in vertraulichen Interviews über Ihre Erfahrungen beim Unterrichten von Kindern mit undterschiedlichen kulturellen Hintergründen befragt. Hierbei wurden sowohl Fragestellungen zu didaktischen und pädagogischen Vorgehensweisen und Erwägungen, als auch das Lehrerwissen über die Religion und Kultur der Schüler erforscht. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigten ein begrenztes Lehrerwissen mit Bezug auf die Kultur und Religion ihrer Schüler auf. Insbesondere weniger erfahrene Lehrer (Berufsanfänger) wiesen ein Defizit an Wissen über relevante kulturelle und religiöse Sachverhalte auf. Lehrer mit solch begrenztem kulturellem Wissen fanden es problematisch Schüler mit diversen kulturellen Hintergründen effektiv zu unterrichten. Die Studie betont die Notwendigkeit das Wissen und Verständnis der Lehrer als Teil ihrer Lehrerausbildung zu verbessern um somit flexibler und effektiver auf die Herausforderungen reagieren zu können, die sich beim Unterrichten von Schülern mit diversen ethnischen und kulturellen Hintergründen ergeben.
Éste es un estudio comparativo intercultural que investiga el conocimiento, la comprensión y las prácticas de los profesores de la enseñanza de la educación física (PE) a los alumnos de diversos orígenes culturales. Más específicamente, explora las cuestiones claves en la enseñanza de PE a los alumnoss musulmanes. 13 profesores del PE, seis del Reino Unido y siete de Grecia estuvieron implicados en entrevistas cara a cara explorando las cuestiones relacionadas con la enseñanza del PE en las clases culturalmente diversas, a su conocimiento de la asignatura, al conocimiento pedagógico y al conocimiento de la religión y de la cultura de los alumnos. Los resultados sugieren que los profesores tenían un conocimiento limitado de la cultura y de la religión de sus alumnos. Más específicamente, los profesores principiantes que tenían un conocimiento cultural modesto hacen frente a dificultades enseñando a alumnos de origeneses culturalmente diversos. El estudio indica la necesidad de aumentar el conocimiento de los profesores durante sus cursos iniciales de educación profesional – para que puedan responder y funcionar con eficacia hacia una inclusión más ancha de los alumnos cultural y etnicamente diversos en el PE y ECA. 相似文献
