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Weingarten HR 《Death education》1981,4(4):369-383
Viewing themselves in two hypothetical roles-as terminal patients and as family members related to a terminal patient-48 adults were surveyed on their expectations and preferences about how information should be communicated when a terminal illness is first diagnosed. Identifying with the patient role, respondents believed patients should be told the truth immediately and unconditionally. In contrast, respondents indentifying with family members perceived conditions under which the rights of patients should be abridged. In this latter role, male respondents were significantly less likely than males to imagine themselves as able to inform a loved one about a terminal illness. Nevertheless, for both sexes, early childhood experiences communicating about death and dying were found to be a better predictor of the case with which respondents can imagine communicating with a terminally ill loved one than are current adult attitudes and experiences. Regardless of personal ease in discussing death, however, most respondents thought the physician, not family members or other health care professionals, should decide when and how the terminally ill adult should be informed--a noteworthy finding in light of the fact that 83 percent of all respondents consider physicians poorly equipped for this role. 相似文献
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Guido?NottbuschEmail author Angela?Grimm Rüdiger?Weingarten Udo?Will 《Reading and writing》2005,18(6):497-526
This study examined the time course of typing in prelingually and profoundly deaf as well as hearing individuals. Both groups
of participants performed a written picture naming task and a written pseudoword task. Keystroke timing measurements from
the written picture naming task revealed that the deaf as well as the hearing group were significantly delayed at syllable
boundaries compared to identical within-syllable letter combinations. As the deaf are impoverished with respect to phonology
based on spoken language experience, we postulate that syllabic segmentation is not crucially dependent on experience with
spoken language. Furthermore, delays at syllable boundaries were not affected by word frequency in both groups, in contrast
to the keys straddling a root morpheme boundary. Together with the finding that delays at syllable boundaries also occur in
pseudowords, the experiments provide strong evidence towards post-lexical syllabification processes. Our results support previous
findings which claim that (1) orthosyllables are autonomous and mode-specific entities, and (2) that the principles of syllabic
organisation apply post-lexically. 相似文献
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This paper reviews how and why children's acquistion of syntactic structures is influenced by verbal communication with adults. It argues that those interactions involve cooperative problem-solving and can be interpreted within interactionist theory. It surveys several ways in which adults model a child's syntactic structure to convey the child's intended meaning. These are: expansion; extension; modelling without prior child utterance; and modelling after metalinguistic interruption of the conversation.University of BielefeldState Institute for Early Education 相似文献
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