排序方式： 共有29条查询结果，搜索用时 250 毫秒
1.
Jiamin Hee Ying Li Toh Hong Wei Yap Ravindran Kanesvaran Stephen Mason 《Mentoring & Tutoring: Partnership in Learning》2020,28(3):340-364
ABSTRACT The need for longitudinal and holistic support of medical students throughout their training has led to the development of formal mentoring programs. Whilst success of formal mentoring programs has been attributed to (a) pairing mentees with trained and experienced mentors (matching), (b) the quality of mentoring interactions and (c) the presence of a nurturing environment, little attention has been attributed to establishing an effective matching process in medical school. We sought, in this review, to redress this gap within the context of matching medical students for mentoring. Modified PRISMA guidelines were followed to guide the review process. PubMed, ERIC, Cochrane Database, OVID and ScienceDirect databases were searched for articles on matching in medical schools and in allied health specialities published between 2000 and 2015. 相似文献
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Dyslexic children (n=21, mean age=10.2 years) were compared with normal readers of the same age, normal readers of the same reading-age, and poor readers of the same reading-age on measures of phonological decoding and automatic word processing. Three different tasks, varying in phonological demand, were used: a naming task, an auditory-visual matching task, and a lexical decision task. On each task, word-pseudoword profiles were obtained to test phonological decoding skills and unspeeded-speeded profiles were assessed to test automaticity in word processing. Main results indicated that dyslexics have a deficit in automatic phonological decoding skills. The results are discussed within the framework of the phonological deficit and the automatization deficit hypothesis. 相似文献
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This study examined the relations among maternal socialization of positive affect (PA), adolescent emotion regulation (ER), and adolescent depressive symptoms. Two hundred early adolescents, 11-13 years old, provided self-reports of ER strategies and depressive symptomatology; their mothers provided self-reports of socialization responses to adolescent PA. One hundred and sixty-three mother-adolescent dyads participated in 2 interaction tasks. Adolescents whose mothers responded in an invalidating or "dampening" manner toward their PA displayed more emotionally dysregulated behaviors and reported using maladaptive ER strategies more frequently. Adolescents whose mothers dampened their PA more frequently during mother-adolescent interactions, and girls whose mothers reported invalidating their PA, reported more depressive symptoms. Adolescent use of maladaptive ER strategies mediated the association between maternal invalidation of PA and early adolescents' concurrent depressive symptoms. 相似文献
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Yu YS Wang LL Shen Y Yap MK Yip SP Han W 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2010,11(11):836-841
Retinoic acid level in the retina/choroid is altered in induced myopia models. All-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (RDH8) is an important enzyme of retinoic acid metabolism. This study aimed to investigate the association
of the RDH8 gene with high myopia. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) [RDH851 (rs2233789), RDH8E5a (rs1644731), and RDH855b
(rs3760753)] were selected, based on the linkage disequilibrium pattern of RDH8 from a previous study, and genotyped for 160 Han Chinese nuclear families with highly myopic (−10 diopters or worse) offspring
as well as in an independent group with 166 highly myopic cases (−10 diopters or worse) and 211 controls. Family-based association
analysis was performed using the family-based association test (FBAT) package, and genotype relative risk (GRR) was calculated
using the GenAssoc program. Population-based association analysis was performed using Chi-square test. These SNPs were in
linkage equilibrium with each other. SNPs RDH851 (rs2233789) and RDH8E5a (rs1644731) both did not show association with high
myopia. SNP RDH855b (rs3760753) demonstrated significant association (P=0.0269) with a GRR of 0.543 (95% confidence interval=0.304–0.968, P=0.038). The association became statistically insignificant, however, after multiple comparison correction. Haplotype analysis
did not show a significant association either. Population-based association analysis also showed no significant association
(P>0.05). Our family- and population-based data both suggest that the RDH8 gene is unlikely to be associated with high myopia in Chinese. 相似文献
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The purpose of this research was to search for a learning hierarchy among skills comprising formal operations and the integrated science processes. Ordering theoretic and probabilistic latent structure methods were used to analyze data on five process skills and six logical thinking skills collected from 700 science students. Both linear and branching hierarchical relationships were identified within and across the two sets of skills. Most of them fit the logical hierarchies which have guided curriculum development and classroom practices in the past. But a few run counter to our present logic and understanding of these skills. 相似文献
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This report offers an initial interpretation of the large scale survey of science achievement in Singapore schools across three independent populations, namely, the representative, stratified random sample of students at Pop. 1 or primary 5 (12.9% of the 10 year-old), at Pop. 2 or secondary 3 (11.3% of the 14 year-old) and all the 3560 science (and 10% of the non-science) students at the Pop. 3 (junior colleges/pre-university) or last year of schooling.
Differences in science achievement (measured by the IEA criterion science tests) within and between the different populations confirmed the strong relationships attributable to the differences in (a) academic ability (academic streams) (b) general ability (the numerical and verbal ability tests), (c) gender and (d) their opportunity-to-learn (as reported by the science teachers). Sex differences in science achievement persisted in favour of the males across grade levels and types of science curriculum (general science to pure sciences). The cross-sectional comparisons offered evidence of a discernible improvement in the shift in science achievement from primary 5 to junior college/pre-university and also, consistent trends in the way science is taught and in the attitude of students towards science. A simple causal model is examined as an initial attempt to explain the complex of interacting variables that account for differences in student science achievement. 相似文献
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In this paper, we demonstrate biphasic microfluidic droplets with broadly tunable internal structures, from simple near-equilibrium drop-in-drop morphologies to complex yet uniform non-equilibrium steady-state structures. The droplets contain an aqueous mixture of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and dextran and are dispensed into an immiscible oil in a microfluidic T-junction device. Above a certain well-defined threshold droplet speed, the inner dextran-rich phase is "stirred" within the outer PEG-rich phase. The stirred polymer mixture is observed to exhibit a near continuum of speed and composition-dependent phase morphologies. There is increasing interest in the use of such aqueous two-phase systems in microfluidic devices for biomolecular applications in a variety of contexts. Our work presents a method to go beyond equilibrium phase morphologies in generating microfluidic "multiple" emulsions and at the same time raises the possibility of biochemical experimentation in benign yet complex biomimetic milieus. 相似文献
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Maaz A. Khan BA Oliver D. Mowforth BA MB BChir Isla Kuhn MA MSc Mark R. N. Kotter MD MPhil PhD Benjamin M. Davies MRCS BSc 《Health information and libraries journal》2023,40(2):181-189
Background
Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a recently proposed umbrella term for symptomatic cervical spinal cord compression secondary to degeneration of the spine. Currently literature searching for DCM is challenged by the inconsistent uptake of the term ‘DCM’ with many overlapping keywords and numerous synonyms.Objectives
Here, we adapt our previous Ovid medline search filter for the Ovid embase database, to support comprehensive literature searching. Both embase and medline are recommended as a minimum for systematic reviews.Methods
References contained within embase identified in our prior study formed a ‘development gold standard’ reference database (N = 220). The search filter was adapted for embase and checked against the reference database. The filter was then validated against the ‘validation gold standard’.Results
A direct translation was not possible, as medline indexing for DCM and the keywords search field were not available in embase . We also used the ‘focus’ function to improve precision. The resulting search filter has 100% sensitivity in testing.Discussion and Conclusion
We have developed a validated search filter capable of retrieving DCM references in embase with high sensitivity. In the absence of consistent terminology and indexing, this will support more efficient and robust evidence synthesis in the field. 相似文献10.
Stella Tsotsi Birit F.P. Broekman Lynette P. Shek Kok Hian Tan Yap Seng Chong Helen Chen Michael J. Meaney Anne E. Rifkin-Graboi 《Child development》2019,90(1):136-146
This study investigated whether child exuberance, an aspect of temperament related to emotion regulation, moderates the well-documented association between high parenting stress and increased risk for internalizing and externalizing problems during the preschool years. At 42 months of age child exuberance was observed in 256 children (47% girls) and maternal self-reports on parenting stress were obtained. At 48 months internalizing and externalizing problems were assessed through reports from both parents. Indeed, higher maternal parenting stress increased the risk for internalizing problems, and this association was more pronounced among children with high levels of exuberance. Existent emotion regulation difficulties in highly exuberant children may further heighten the risk conveyed by an unfavorable caregiving environment for developing internalizing problems. 相似文献