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Inverted Index Compression Using Word-Aligned Binary Codes 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
We examine index representation techniques for document-based inverted files, and present a mechanism for compressing them using word-aligned binary codes. The new approach allows extremely fast decoding of inverted lists during query processing, while providing compression rates better than other high-throughput representations. Results are given for several large text collections in support of these claims, both for compression effectiveness and query efficiency. 相似文献
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The paper explores the use of a staff student liaison committee (SSLC) as one of the mechanisms for assuring quality in civil engineering education. The School of Civil Engineering at the Queensland University of Technology, Australia, is used as a case study. The school has a SSLC which meets about six times per year and has representatives of all undergraduate courses and some academic staff. It was thought that the SSLC was well regarded by staff and students and contributed to the learning experience of students within the school. A questionnaire was used to ascertain the views of staff and students regarding the effectiveness of the committee in promoting good quality education. The findings indicated that the SSLC was playing an important role, but that it was not as well regarded as academic staff thought, and that many students were not fully aware of its activities. The school has used the findings to adopt new methods of distributing information to the student body and for ascertaining student opinion, principally electronically. 相似文献
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Education in different communication media takes place with functional differences that have consequences for the course of instructional interaction. In this paper, we examine instructional interaction among people using a computer-based electronic message system, contrasting it with conventional face-to-face discussion in a college level class. Interaction via the non-real time message system contained multiple “threads of discourse,” a higher proportion of student turns to teacher turns, and other deviations from the “initiation-response-evaluation” sequences usually found in face-to-face classroom interactions. Based on the results of our contrast, we describe ways to organize instruction using electronic message systems to take advantage of new properties and to avoid shortcomings of these new instructional media. 相似文献
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Science in the Trenches: An Exploration of Four Pre-service Teachers' First Attempts at Teaching Science in the Classroom 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper explores four students' attempts at teaching science in the real world classroom during their initial student teaching practicum, including their struggles and successes. When pre-service teachers enter their initial practicum experience they are confronted with differing teaching philosophies of their own, their university professors, and their school mentors (Sullivan, Mousley & Gervasioni, 2000; John, 2001; Fu and Shelton, 2002). Within this situation, preservice teachers struggle to find their own niche of teaching science and learn to reflect as both learner and teacher (Kelly, 2000). Our goal as science teacher educators is to help pre-service teachers have an easy transfer from personal university experiences to teaching science in the real classroom environment while maintaining the integrity of newly learned teaching strategies (Segall, 2001). This work adds to and helps guide science teacher educators in identifying difficulties pre-service teachers' experiences in the transition from methods courses to practice. 相似文献
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A pipelined architecture for distributed text query evaluation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alistair Moffat William Webber Justin Zobel Ricardo Baeza-Yates 《Information Retrieval》2007,10(3):205-231
Two principal query-evaluation methodologies have been described for cluster-based implementation of distributed information
retrieval systems: document partitioning and term partitioning. In a document-partitioned system, each of the processors hosts
a subset of the documents in the collection, and executes every query against its local sub-collection. In a term-partitioned
system, each of the processors hosts a subset of the inverted lists that make up the index of the collection, and serves them
to a central machine as they are required for query evaluation.
In this paper we introduce a pipelined query-evaluation methodology, based on a term-partitioned index, in which partially
evaluated queries are passed amongst the set of processors that host the query terms. This arrangement retains the disk read
benefits of term partitioning, but more effectively shares the computational load. We compare the three methodologies experimentally,
and show that term distribution is inefficient and scales poorly. The new pipelined approach offers efficient memory utilization
and efficient use of disk accesses, but suffers from problems with load balancing between nodes. Until these problems are
resolved, document partitioning remains the preferred method.
Alistair Moffat was supported by the Australian Research Council, the ARC Special Research Center for Perceptive and Intelligent
Machines in Complex Environments, and the NICTA Victoria Laboratory.
William Webber and Justin Zobel were supported by the Australian Research Council.
Ricardo Baeza-Yates was supported by Grant P01-029-F from Millennium Initiative of Mideplan, Chile; and by the University
of Melbourne as a visiting scholar at the time this project was undertaken. 相似文献
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Developing multi-disciplinary library and information services is high on the agenda for many NHS trusts and this brings with it a climate of change for both those who manage and work in services today. The development of such new services needs to be carefully managed and developed, and this presents a challenge for librarians and service managers. In the UK during 1999 and 2000, Aintree Hospital Trust, in conjunction with Edge Hill College of Higher Education, established a truly multi-disciplinary service based at its hospital site and managed by Edge Hill. This paper outlines the key stages in the development of the Library and Information Service with the focus on the management of change, collaboration and the development of a unique partnership between Higher Education and an NHS trust. The case study example will provide an outline of strategic and project planning, with insights into staff management and development, delivering user expectations and developing stakeholder relationships in the health library setting. 相似文献