排序方式： 共有17条查询结果，搜索用时 423 毫秒
1.
2.
James L. Ratcliff 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(1-4):273-284
A premise of the current criticism that community colleges are institutions that promote social tracking and inhibit social mobility was reviewed and analyzed. The relationship between the roles of the two‐year college and the research university as proposed by Harper and Lange was examined. The thesis that junior colleges emerged when universities supported their growth as feeder institutions was tested by the case history of the development of community colleges in Wyoming. Findings of this study were that: (a) the University's opposition did not halt the development of community colleges, (b) community colleges were comprehensive and community‐based from the outset in Wyoming, and (c) establishment of the transfer function was not predominant in the rationale for the community college movement. It was concluded that the stereotypic explanation of two‐year college development from transfer‐oriented “junior” colleges to comprehensive institutions may be incorrect, and that many two‐year colleges may have been comprehensive from inception. 相似文献
3.
4.
Millions of U.S. adults lack the literacy skills needed for most living-wage jobs. We investigated one particular comprehension process for these adults: generating predictive inferences. If a sentence says that someone falls from a 14th-story roof, a reader should infer almost certain death. On any test of comprehension, there are two dependent variables: the speed of the response to a test item and accuracy. To address both simultaneously, we used a decision model that separates how much information an individual understands from a text and the individual’s speed/accuracy trade-off settings. We found that adult literacy students do differentiate between predictive inference sentences and control sentences, a finding that illustrates how a decision-making model combined with tests of particular comprehension processes can lead to further understanding of low-literacy adults’ reading skills. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
Cathy R. Jones Nancy J. Ratcliff Heather Sheehan Gilbert H. Hunt 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2012,40(1):19-24
There is a lack of documented evidence related to the relationships existing between paraeducators and teachers working in
early childhood classrooms. Based on a 2-year project with three phases of data collection, the authors explore the duties
of paraeducators and their working relationships with the teachers with whom they team. Based on findings from the data collected,
the authors make specific recommendations for targeted professional development that is designed to improve collaboration
and skill sets for paraprofessionals within early childhood learning environments. The position taken is one that supports
collaborative teamwork designed to maximize the learning of young children. 相似文献
9.
Children (n = 130; M(age) = 8.51-15.68 years) and college-aged adults (n = 72; M(age) = 20.50 years) completed numerosity discrimination and lexical decision tasks. Children produced longer response times (RTs) than adults. R. Ratcliff's (1978) diffusion model, which divides processing into components (e.g., quality of evidence, decision criteria settings, nondecision time), was fit to the accuracy and RT distribution data. Differences in all components were responsible for slowing in children in these tasks. Children extract lower quality evidence than college-aged adults, unlike older adults who extract a similar quality of evidence as college-aged adults. Thus, processing components responsible for changes in RTs at the beginning of the life span are somewhat different from those responsible for changes occurring with healthy aging. 相似文献
10.
The categorization performance of monkeys on a unidimensional perceptual categorization task was examined with reference to
decision bound and exemplar theories of categorization. Three rhesus monkeys were presented with stimuli varying along a single
dimension, the displacement of a target light from a fixation point. Left or right saccade responses were probabilistically
reinforced according to one of three functions, two of which were nonmonotonic at one end of the stimulus space. The monkeys
all showed a monotonic increase in response probability as a function of target light displacement in this region, consistent
with decision bound theory. Fits of a single-boundary model (GRT; Ashby & Gott, 1988) and two exemplar models—one using a
probabilistic response function (GCM; Nosofsky, 1986), the other using a deterministic response function (DEM; Ashby & Maddox,
1993)—revealed overall support for the decision bound model. The results suggest that monkeys used a perceptual decision boundary
to perform the task. 相似文献