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Zachary Y. Kerr Aliza K. Nedimyer Melissa C. Kay Avinash Chandran Paula Gildner K. Hunter Byrd Juliet K. Haarbauer-Krupa Johna K. Register-Mihalik 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(2):113
BackgroundDeveloping appropriate concussion prevention and management paradigms in middle school (MS) settings requires understanding parents’ general levels of concussion-related knowledge and attitudes. This study examined factors associated with concussion-symptom knowledge and care-seeking attitudes among parents of MS children (aged 10–15 years).MethodsA panel of 1224 randomly selected U.S. residents, aged ≥ 18 years and identifying as parents of MS children, completed an online questionnaire capturing parental and child characteristics. The parents’ concussion-symptom knowledge was measured using 25 questions, with possible answers being “yes”, “maybe”, and “no”. Correct answers earned 2 points, “maybe” answers earned 1 point, and incorrect answers earned 0 point (range: 0–50; higher scores = better knowledge). Concussion care-seeking attitudes were also collected using five 7-point scale items (range: 5–35; higher scores = more positive attitudes). Multivariable ordinal logistic regression models identified predictors of higher scores. Models met proportional odds assumptions. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) (excluding 1.00) were deemed statistically significant.ResultsMedian scores were 39 (interquartile range: 32–44) for symptom knowledge and 32 (interquartile range: 28–35) for care-seeking attitude. In multivariable models, odds of better symptom knowledge were higher in women vs. men (aOR = 2.28; 95%CI: 1.71–3.05), white/non-Hispanics vs. other racial or ethnic groups (aOR = 1.88; 95%CI: 1.42–2.49), higher parental age (10-year-increase aOR = 1.47; 95%CI: 1.26–1.71), and greater competitiveness (10%-scale-increase aOR = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.13–1.36). Odds of more positive care-seeking attitudes were higher in white/non-Hispanics vs. other racial or ethnic groups (aOR = 1.45; 95%CI: 1.06–1.99) and in older parental age (10-year-increase aOR = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.05–1.47).ConclusionCharacteristics of middle school children''s parents (e.g., sex, race or ethnicity, age) are associated with their concussion-symptom knowledge and care-seeking attitudes. Parents’ variations in concussion knowledge and attitudes warrant tailored concussion education and prevention. 相似文献
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Evidence from the research literature suggests that a variety of cognitive factors is responsible for chemistry achievement. This investigation examined the role of four cognitive factors, namely, formal reasoning ability, prior knowledge, field dependence/ independence, and memory capacity on achievement in chemistry as measured by tests of laboratory application, chemical calculations and content knowledge. The sample comprised grade 11 students from eleven high schools who were following the same chemistry syllabus. The results indicated that prior knowledge and formal reasoning ability were each statistically significantly related to variation in chemistry achievement. Field dependence/independence and memory capacity played no significant role in chemistry achievement. 相似文献
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Yogita S. Raut Uma S. Bhartiya Purushottam Kand Rohini W. Hawaldar Ramesh V. Asopa Lebana J. Joseph MGR Rajan 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2016,31(1):99-103
The aim was to study the genotoxic effect of high concentration of thyroxine (T4) in vivo in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of the patients suffering from thyroid disorders. The effect was compared by performing in vitro experiments with addition of increasing concentration of T4 (0.125–1 µM) in whole blood samples from healthy donors. Cytokinesis-blocked micronuclei (CBMN) assay method was used to assess the DNA damage in the PBL. The study included 104 patients which were grouped as control (n = 49), hyperthyroid (n = 31) and hypothyroid (n = 24). A significant increase in micronuclei (MN) frequency was observed in hyperthyroid patients when compared with the hypothyroid and euthyroid group thereby suggesting increased genotoxicity in hyperthyroidism (p < 0.001). A significant increase in MN frequency was observed at T4 concentration of 0.5 µM and above when compared to lower T4 concentrations (0.125 and 0.25 µM) and basal in in vitro experiments (p = 0.000). The results indicate that the T4 in normal concentration does not exhibit the genotoxic effect, as observed in both the in vivo and in vitro experiments. The toxicity of T4 increases at and above 0.5 μM concentration in vitro. Therefore acute T4 overdose should be handled promptly and effectively so as to avoid the possible genotoxic effect of high concentration of T4 in vivo. 相似文献
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P. Chandran N. K. Kuchhal P. Garg C. S. Pundir 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2007,22(2):145-150
Chemical composition of gall stones is essential for aetiopathogensis of gallstone disease. We have reported quantitative
chemical analysis of total cholesterol bilirubin, calcium, iron and inorganic phosphate in 120 gallstones from haryana. To
extend this chemical analysis of gall stones by studying more cases and by analyzing more chemical constituents. A quantitative
chemical analysis of total cholesterol, total bilirubin, fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids, bile acids, soluble proteins,
sodium potassium, magnesium, copper, oxalate and chlorides of biliary calculi (52 cholesterol, 76 mixed and 72 pigment) retrieved
from surgical operation of 200 patients from Haryana state was carried out. Total cholesterol as the major component and total
bilirubin, phospholipids, triglycerides, bile acids, fatty acids (esterified), soluble protein, calcium, magnesium, iron,
copper, sodium, potassium, inorganic phosphate, oxalate and chloride as minor components were found in all types of calculi.
The cholesterol stones had higher content of total cholesterol, phospholipids, fatty acids (esterified), inorganic phosphate
and copper compared to mixed and pigment stones. The mixed stones had higher content of iron and triglycerides than to cholesterol
and pigment stones. The pigment stones were richer in total bilirubin, bile acids, calcium, oxalate, magnesium, sodium, potassium,
chloride and soluble protein compared to cholesterol and mixed stones. Although total cholesterol was a major component of
cholesterol, mixed and pigment gall stone in Haryana, the content of most of the other lipids, cations and anions was different
in different gall stones indicating their different mechanism of formation. 相似文献
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