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In this contribution, we develop a new approach to explore the process of knowledge transition from discovery-oriented science to technological fields, via applications-oriented research, including a mediator set. This trajectory is referred to as the D-A-T trajectory. It is shown how it can be constructed and measures are proposed to characterize the relational strength among different environments (discovery oriented research, applications-oriented research and patents) and the speed of evolution. Our approach is illustrated by a case study of three fundamental restriction enzymes articles. Among other results we found that 387 patents cited 124 of the 988 articles (a share of 12.55%) in the mediator set. Defining the non-patent references (NPR) transition rate as the number of citing patents divided by the number of articles in the mediator set yields a value 0.392. Our results suggest that the D-A-T path acts as a backbone and reveals important “invisible contributions” of an original scientific work during its evolution from discovery oriented research to outside academia. Our contribution provides a useful tool for bridging the existing gap in detecting the transition of knowledge between science and technology. 相似文献
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基于一般P-C矩阵的R族科学发展节律指标——科学发展节律指标研究(1) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
一论文集的一般P-C矩阵由论文数据和引文数据两部分组成.基于一般P-C矩阵并引入"等时性"概念,我们创建了关键变量Ck.Ck表示的是不同年份发表的论文在各自发表后第k年的引文数量的平均值.借助Ck可以构建R族科学发展节律指标,定义为引文观察值和引文期望值的比值,用于反映科学发展的节律.R族指标包括4项指标①指标R--被引年视角加三角形引文窗口;②指标R′--被引年视角加平行四边形引文窗口;③指标r--引用年视角加三角形引文窗口;④指标r′--引用年视角加平行四边形引文窗口.以Journal of Documentation为例,本文具体说明了R族序列的计算和R族指标的应用. 相似文献
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We develop and propose a new counting method at the aggregate level for contributions to scientific publications called modified fractional counting (MFC). We show that, compared to traditional complete-normalized fractional counting, it eliminates the extreme differences in contributions over time that otherwise occur between scientists that mainly publish alone or in small groups and those that publish with large groups of co-authors. As an extra benefit we find that scientists in different areas of research turn out to have comparable average contributions to scientific articles. We test the method on scientists at Norway’s largest universities and find that, at an aggregate level, it indeed supports comparability across different co-authorship practices as well as between areas of research. MFC is thereby useful whenever the research output from institutions with different research profiles are compared, as e.g., in the Leiden Ranking. Finally, as MFC is actually a family of indicators, depending on a sensitivity parameter, it can be adapted to the circumstances. 相似文献
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Starting from the notion of h-type indices for infinite sequences we investigate if these indices satisfy natural inequalities related to the arithmetic, the geometric and the harmonic mean. If f denotes an h-type index, such as the h- or the g-index, then we investigate inequalities such as min(f(X),f(Y)) ≤ f((X?+?Y)/2) ≤ max(f(X), f(Y)). We further investigate if: f(min(X,Y)) = min(f(X),f(Y)) and if f(max(X,Y)) = max(f(X),f(Y)). It is shown that the h-index satisfies all the equalities and inequalities we investigate but the g-index does not always, while it is always possible to find a counterexample involving the R-index. This shows that the h-index enjoys a number of interesting mathematical properties as an operator in the partially ordered positive cone (R+)∞ of all infinite sequences with non-negative real values.In a second part we consider decreasing vectors X and Y with components at most at distance d. Denoting by D the constant sequence (d,d,d, …) and by Y-D the vector (max(yr-d), 0)r, we prove that under certain natural conditions, the double inequality h(Y-D) ≤ h(X) ≤ h(Y?+?D) holds. 相似文献
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Gruson D Ahn SA Rousseau MF 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2011,21(3):254-263
Heart failure (HF) is a frequent chronic disease in elderly people and represents a major health and economic burden. The accurate diagnosis of HF and the identification of high risk patients is mandatory to select the appropriate therapy and care. HF is associated to cardiac remodeling and inflammation and to the release of neurohormones. If natriuretic peptides remain the biomarkers of choice for the diagnosis and the prognosis of HF, several biomarkers related to cardiac remodeling and inflammation are available for testing and may add valuable information for the risk estimation of HF patients and for the selection of the most appropriated therapy. Furthermore, the quest for new efficient biomarkers of cardiac remodeling and inflammation is still ongoing and new candidates have been identified for a potential use in daily clinical practices. However, before their potential translation to routine parameters several challenges ranging form the analytical validation to the cost-effectiveness estimation should be considered. 相似文献
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Ronald Rousseau 《情报学报》2006,25(5):580-586
网络信息检索中,逻辑运算符AND连接检索词的顺序很大程度上会影响检索效率.论文首先分析、介绍了the Staceys测度方法在改善AND检索效率中发挥的作用,并在此基础上提出简化了的测度算法,最后通过实例说明其实现步骤. 相似文献
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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to document the psychosocial adjustment of young refugees during their adolescence and its association with the war-related trauma experienced by their family before migration. METHOD: Data were collected on 57 young Khmer resettled in Montreal and followed from early to late adolescence. The associations between premigratory exposure to political violence and postmigratory mental health and social adjustment were estimated for early, mid-, and late adolescence. RESULTS: The associations between premigratory exposure to political violence and postmigratory psychosocial adjustment fluctuated over the adolescence period. Overall, the adolescents whose families were more highly exposed to political violence tended to report a more positive social adjustment and less mental health symptoms than those less exposed. CONCLUSION: The high expectations of Cambodian parents towards their children and the preservation of traditional values despite the Khmer rouge attempts to eradicate them might contribute to explain the paradoxical association between the families' exposure to political violence and the adolescents' psychosocial adjustment in the host country. Although children and adult refugees seen in clinical setting are reminders of the negative effects of adversity, resilience should be more systematically explored in community samples to further our understanding of the long-term effects of trauma. 相似文献
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期刊评价：影响因子及其相关指标 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
在西部大开发环境下，联系陕西省科技期刊的现状，研究了陕西省科技期刊的发展策略，首次提出“寓发展于服务中、中陕西省科技期刊与西部大开发的结合点。指出陕西省科技期刊发展的基本原则是坚持两个效益辩证统一，发展的出发点是服务西部大开发。 相似文献