Connecting inside out: Development of the social brain in infants and toddlers with a focus on myelination as a marker of brain maturation     

Nora Schneider  Elizabeth Greenstreet  Sean C. L. Deoni 《Child development》2022,93(2):359-371

Early childhood is a sensitive period for learning and social skill development. The maturation of cerebral regions underlying social processing lays the foundation for later social-emotional competence. This study explored myelin changes in social brain regions and their association with changes in parent-rated social-emotional development in a cohort of 129 children (64 females, 0–36 months, 77 White). Results reveal a steep increase in myelination throughout the social brain in the first 3 years of life that is significantly associated with social-emotional development scores. These findings add knowledge to the emerging picture of social brain development by describing neural underpinnings of human social behavior. They can contribute to identifying age-/stage-appropriate early life factors in this developmental domain.  相似文献   

Does modality matter? A latent profile and transition analysis of sedentary behaviours among school-aged youth: The UP&DOWN study     

David Sánchez-Oliva  Rebecca M. Leech  Alberto Grao-Cruces  Irene Esteban-Cornejo  Carmen Padilla-Moledo  Oscar L. Veiga 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(9):1062-1069

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were to identify profiles of sedentary behaviour (SB) patterns, based on leisure-time self-reported SB modalities (screen, educative, social, and relaxing) and to evaluate changes in these profiles over 2 years among Spanish youth aged 8–18 years. Latent profile analysis (LPA), a data-driven analytic approach, was used to identify groups of boys and girls (n = 1553; 48% girls; mean±SD age: 12.56 ± 2.49 y) with distinct SB profiles using the SB modalities (time/d) as input variables. Latent transition analysis, an extension of LPA that uses longitudinal data, was used to analyse 2-year changes in these profiles. At baseline, four and three SB profiles were found among boys (labelled: screen, educative, social, and relaxing) and girls (labelled: screen/social, educative, and relaxing), respectively. Overall, more girls (range: 48%-67%) had the same profile over time, than boys (40%-52%). Participants with a screen or relaxing SB profile at baseline were more likely to have an educative profile after 2 years. Youth with a social and an educative SB profile at baseline were more likely to transition to profiles characterized by higher screen and social SB, respectively. Using a novel and person-centered approach, this study identified gender-specific SB profiles that were moderately stable over time.  相似文献   

‘Just stick to the science’ is not enough     

Peterson  Erik L. 《Metascience》2019,28(1):147-150

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Digital Module 16: Longitudinal Data Analysis     

Jeffrey R. Harring  Tessa L. Johnson 《Educational Measurement》2020,39(3):137-138

In this digital ITEMS module, Dr. Jeffrey Harring and Ms. Tessa Johnson introduce the linear mixed effects (LME) model as a flexible general framework for simultaneously modeling continuous repeated measures data with a scientifically defensible function that adequately summarizes both individual change as well as the average response. The module begins with a nontechnical overview of longitudinal data analyses drawing distinctions with cross-sectional analyses in terms of research questions to be addressed. Nuances of longitudinal designs, timing of measurements, and the real possibility of missing data are then discussed. The three interconnected components of the LME model—(1) a model for individual and mean response profiles, (2) a model to characterize the covariation among the time-specific residuals, and (3) a set of models that summarize the extent that individual coefficients vary—are discussed in the context of the set of activities comprising an analysis. Finally, they demonstrate how to estimate the linear mixed effects model within an open-source environment (R). The digital module contains sample R code, diagnostic quiz questions, hands-on activities in R, curated resources, and a glossary.  相似文献   

基于网络视频的设备远程维修与培训     

祝晓  何小敏  何一辉  黄国富 《广西广播电视大学学报》2003,14(4):28-32

现代设备复杂系数的不断提高,导致对设备维修技术专家的需求日益增大。基于网络视频的设备远程维修系统的出现,为缓解设备维修技术力量短缺的矛盾提供了新的解决方式。  相似文献   

军事体育的历史演变及发展趋势——也论体育与军事     

陈晓鹏  马楚虹  王晓 《四川体育科学》2006,(3):4-8

本文从军事体育发展的历史根源与军事体育的发展轨迹力求寻找军事体育的发展规律,为军事体育的普及与传播提供理论依据,让军事体育在体育的大家庭里发挥更大的作用,丰富群众体育与学校体育的内容。军事体育的社会化是1种历史的必然趋势,对学校体育乃至社会体育都有一定的促进作用。军事体育将有广阔的发展前景,军事体育与一般体育的融合将会为体育的发展注入新的活力。  相似文献   

体育院系学生创新能力的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

吕万刚  胡晓军 《武汉体育学院学报》2001,35(6):123-125

应用文献资料法、调查访问和专家调查法,探讨了体育院系学生创新能力构成,揭示了目前培养学生创新能力在体育院系教学中所面临的主要问题以及培养体育院系学生创新能力的途径和方法,并提出体育院系改革设想.  相似文献   

Barriers to teaching profession for hearing-impaired adults     

R D Moulton  L Roth  J Tao 《American annals of the deaf》1987,132(6):372-375

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Why visual literacy: Consciousness and convention     

Landra L. Rezabek 《TechTrends》2004,49(3):19-20

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大学生隐形肥胖运动处方的实验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张秀丽  王群  王凌娟  肖国强 《广州体育学院学报》2004,24(3):38-40,50

隐形肥胖在日本已有较多的研究，在我国尚未见报道。笔者认为，我国大学生隐形肥胖的比例低于日本，主要与研究对象的饮食文化有关；隐形肥胖运动处方的制定，应以全身有氧运动控制体重为原则，运用局部动、静力练习减少多余脂肪，增加瘦体重为目标。  相似文献