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Nakano T Itoyama T Yoshida K Sawada Y Ikeda S Fukuda T Matsuda T Negoro M Arai F 《Biomicrofluidics》2010,4(4):46505
We proposed and fabricated multiscale transparent arteriole and capillary vessel models with circular cross sections of 10-500 μm using photolithography. The circularities of the fabricated 10, 50, and 500 μm diameter microchannels were 84.0%, 61.5%, and 82.3%, respectively. Next, we connected these different models to realize a circulation type blood vessel model simulating arteriole networks. We proposed a novel connection method using an intermediate connector made of wax, which we used to connect these models to make a circulation model. In flow experiments, the fabricated models showed no leakage and circulation models with seamless connections were achieved. 相似文献
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Tomoya Takabayashi Mutsuaki Edama Masatoshi Nakamura Emi Nakamura Takuma Inai Masayoshi Kubo 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(10):1289-1296
Females, as compared with males, have a higher proportion of injuries in the foot region. However, the reason for this gender difference regarding foot injuries remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate gender differences associated with rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot kinematics during running. Twelve healthy males and 12 females ran on a treadmill. The running speed was set to speed which changes from walking to running. Three-dimensional kinematics of rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot were collected and compared between males and females. Furthermore, spatiotemporal parameters (speed, cadence, and step length) were measured. In the rearfoot angle, females showed a significantly greater peak value of plantarflexion and range of motion in the sagittal plane as compared with males (effect size (ES)?=?1.55 and ES?=?1.12, respectively). In the midfoot angle, females showed a significantly greater peak value of dorsiflexion and range of motion in the sagittal plane as compared with males (ES?=?1.49 and ES?=?1.71, respectively). The forefoot peak angles and ranges of motion were not significantly different between the genders in all three planes. A previous study suggested that a gender-related difference in excessive motions of the lower extremities during running has been suggested as a contributing factor to running injuries. Therefore, the present investigation may provide insight into the reason for the high incidence of foot injuries in females. 相似文献
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特色GP是21世纪日本高等教育改革的重要组成部分,它应对日本高等教育由大众化转入普及化阶段的各种矛盾和问题,着眼于通过竞争机制来推动高等学校重视教育教学的改革,形成个性和特色,提高教育质量.这一计划实施以来,得到了普遍的认可.特色GP被日本高等教育研究专家认为是具有划时代意义的教育改革尝试. 相似文献
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The dominance over personal computing technology by the Microsoft OS and the Intel MPU, or ‘Wintel’, has been a long-standing concern of the government and the marketplace. In the past 15 years, there have been at least three attempts to challenge the Wintel monopoly. In comparing these three attempts at de-Wintelization, this paper raises interrelated issues about innovation: (1) the path-dependent nature of innovation, especially that due to network externalities, (2) the balance between property rights and antitrust laws, and (3) the relevance of government intervention in these areas. It also examines different types of R&D organization. 相似文献
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