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Mira Kajko-Mattsson Stefan Forssander Gunnar Andersson Ulf Olsson 《Computer Science Education》2013,23(1-2):57-89
A highly skilled maintainer is the most important organisational asset pivotal for achieving quality software, strategic for improving maintenance and development processes, essential for remaining competitive and critical for business survival. This requires that universities properly prepare students to enter the maintenance workforce and that maintenance organisations actively build and maintain their human knowledge and skill base. In this paper, we present Corrective Maintenance Maturity Model (CM 3): Maintainers' Education and Training – a maturity model for educating and training maintenance engineers within corrective maintenance. This model is presently being developed at ABB by the Software Maintenance Laboratory (SML). Our goal is to provide guidance to ABB and industrial organisations worldwide in the process of building or improving their most important asset – people. Each process element presented in this paper is matched against its corresponding process element at ABB. Hence, this paper may also be regarded as a report on the state of the current practice of educating and training maintainers at ABB. 相似文献
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The current article proposes a new theory of infant pointing involving multiple layers of intentionality and shared intentionality. In the context of this theory, evidence is presented for a rich interpretation of prelinguistic communication, that is, one that posits that when 12-month-old infants point for an adult they are in some sense trying to influence her mental states. Moreover, evidence is also presented for a deeply social view in which infant pointing is best understood--on many levels and in many ways--as depending on uniquely human skills and motivations for cooperation and shared intentionality (e.g., joint intentions and attention with others). Children's early linguistic skills are built on this already existing platform of prelinguistic communication. 相似文献
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Comparison of two Actigraph models for assessing free-living physical activity in Indian adolescents
Corder K Brage S Ramachandran A Snehalatha C Wareham N Ekelund U 《Journal of sports sciences》2007,25(14):1607-1611
This aim of this study was to compare the new Actigraph (GT1M) with the widely used Model 7164. Seven days of free-living physical activity were measured simultaneously using both the Model 7164 and GT1M in 30 Indian adolescents (mean age 15.8 years, s = 0.6). The GT1M was on average 9% lower per epoch than model 7164, thus a correction factor of 0.91 is suggested for comparison between the two monitors. The differences between monitors increased in magnitude with intensity of activity (P < 0.001) but remained randomly distributed (r = 0.01, P = 0.96). No significant difference was observed between monitors for time spent in moderate (P = 0.31) and vigorous (P = 0.34) physical activity when using the same epoch length. The Model 7164 classified less time as sedentary (P < 0.001) and more time as light-intensity activity (P < 0.001) than the GT1M. In conclusion, data from the GT1M can be compared with historical data using average counts per minute with a correction factor, and the two models might be comparable for assessing time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity in children when using the same epoch length. 相似文献
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Dirk Schneckenberg Ulf Ehlers Heimo Adelsberger 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2011,42(5):747-762
This paper discusses the potential of learning technologies to foster competence development of students. It aims to improve understanding of pedagogical conditions that have to be met to establish a competence orientation in e‐learning. We review the literature to summarise recent changes in e‐learning, identify attributes of web 2.0 technologies, revisit the concept of competence and specify implications for the competence‐oriented design of learning environments. By referring to Kolb's learning cycle, we illustrate this view with a case study on the use of Google Apps as collaborative learning environment and recommend how competence‐oriented e‐learning activities can be created. Our findings reinforce the position that web 2.0 tools enable a shift from a distributive to a more collaborative mode in e‐learning. In particular, the ease of use and intuition of web 2.0 technologies allow creating learning environments, which realise activity‐rich pedagogical models and facilitate competence development of students. The paper concludes that, despite the demand of firms for versatile graduates and the obvious potential of learning technologies to foster competence development of students, universities need to establish institutional strategies to make this pedagogical change happen. 相似文献
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Life history studies of teachers have remained a sadly neglected genre and have only recently become strongly developed in many countries. In 2000, the authors began a collaboration to develop life and work history research with a group of teachers who, 40 years earlier, had been pioneers of the Swedish 9-year compulsory school reform. The present paper describes interesting differences between British and Swedish research and school policy raises questions about the professional development of teachers in contexts of increasing marketisation of public service. The study connects directly to Michael Huberman's life cycle work and emphasises a close and egalitarian collaboration between the researchers and the teachers in the scholarly process. 相似文献
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继以现象学、整体化和哲学为导向的教育人类学之后,在过去几十年里,以教育—历史为导向的人类学也日益兴起。它从对迄今为止的教育人类学研究的批判出发,突出强调其研究的双重历史性,同时也不忘对人类学的批判。属于历史教育人类学的重点研究范围的有:身体与感知、代际与性别、时间与空间。对其发展来说,历史与心态、文化性与跨文化性、跨学科性与跨国性这三个任务和研究领域极为重要。 相似文献
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A number of measures have been taken by the society to ensure gender equality in higher education. Nevertheless, women still face great difficulties when pursuing an academic career. Our aim is to increase the understanding of how the society, conceptualised as the organisational field, interacts with organisational factors and personal actions as women try to establish themselves within academia. We followed a group of female PhD students and their struggle to graduate at a Swedish, traditionally male‐dominated, university department. The paper analyses how actors and regulations in the society interact with the department’s gendered structures and practices. Three processes that influenced the women’s career opportunities have been identified – a process of integration, liberation and legitimatisation. We also show that women can get accepted and realise their short‐term objective, based on support from the society, while not necessarily being included by the department in a longer‐term perspective. 相似文献
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The Nordic Education Model was an important part of the social democratic welfare state for many years in the second half of the 20th century. Since the millennium, transnational agencies have drawn education from the realm of politics into a global market place by advocating strategies such as efficiency, competition, decentralisation, governing by detailed objectives, control, privatisation, and profile schools. This article gives brief accounts of major trends in current school development policies, discourses, and practices in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden since the millennium, and explores how the values of the Nordic model are affected by the new policies. It is argued that the Nordic model still exists as the predominant system for the large majority of Scandinavian children at a national level, but that a number of new technologies aiming to increase the efficiency of teaching and learning are gradually undermining the main values of the Nordic model. 相似文献