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Ying Xu Joseph Aubele Valery Vigil Andres S. Bustamante Young-Suk Kim Mark Warschauer 《Child development》2022,93(2):e149-e167
Dialogic reading, when children are read a storybook and engaged in relevant conversation, is a powerful strategy for fostering language development. With the development of artificial intelligence, conversational agents can engage children in elements of dialogic reading. This study examined whether a conversational agent can improve children's story comprehension and engagement, as compared to an adult reading partner. Using a 2 (dialogic reading or non-dialogic reading) × 2 (agent or human) factorial design, a total of 117 three- to six-year-olds (50% Female, 37% White, 31% Asian, 21% multi-ethnic) were randomly assigned into one of the four conditions. Results revealed that a conversational agent can replicate the benefits of dialogic reading with a human partner by enhancing children's narrative-relevant vocalizations, reducing irrelevant vocalizations, and improving story comprehension. 相似文献
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Valery Y. Glizer Vladimir Turetsky Leonid Fridman Josef Shinar 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2012,349(2):638-657
In order to construct the guidance strategy in a realistic nonlinear noise-corrupted interception endgame against a maneuverable target, a linearized zero-sum differential game is considered. Assuming perfect information in this game, sufficient conditions are established, which guarantee that a continuous interception strategy with memory (history-dependent) has the maximal capture zone. Two examples of such a strategy are analyzed: a modified super-twisting second-order sliding mode control and a modified integral sliding mode control. Simulation results of the original nonlinear interception endgame demonstrate that these strategies considerably reduce the chattering created by the classical game optimal bang-bang strategy without deteriorating the homing performance. 相似文献
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To identify how a governance structure leads to ambidexterity at the cluster level, in terms of knowledge management, this study draws on the knowledge -based view of clusters and on ambidexterity literature, thereby exploring an ‘intermediated’ cluster model of ambidexterity. Our aim is to explore the governance structure’s role and priorities in terms of knowledge management, as well as the underlying operational actions and programmes implemented to achieve cluster ambidexterity. Qualitative research, based on interviews with members of two French clusters, reveals that their governance structure is a crucial intermediary organisation that supports cluster ambidexterity. The results emphasise the role of governance structures for two types of ambidexterity in small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) clusters: First, SMEs may specialise in exploitative or exploratory knowledge, and the governance structure provides the missing knowledge (intermediated specialised model). Second, cluster governance may help each firm become ambidextrous (intermediated dual model). This study outlines the specificities of the two models and their contingency factors, which offer interesting implications, especially for policymakers devoted to innovation and clusters. 相似文献
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The article considers main education trends while society is moving towards totally new information environment—cyberspace. Aims and tasks of education are justified and specified. As a solution a new pedagogical technology (projective pedagogy) is suggested. It is based on system methodology of design and the so called productive knowledge, which generates new knowledge, indicating the most probable ways of quality improvement of the objects under study. 相似文献
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We use a specially designed survey on French firms located in Haute-Savoie to provide empirical evidence suggesting that Information and Communication Technologies adoption is not only influenced by the traditional factors of technology diffusion but also by complementarity effects between strategies, organization and information technologies. The data collected permitted several advances. Firstly, we could study authentic ICT while the recent literature has mainly focused on computer capital stocks or automation tools. Secondly, we constructed measures of the determinants put forward by the models of technology diffusion. Thirdly, we studied three kinds of practices: organizational and strategic practices, technological choices. 相似文献
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Jean Slawinski Nicolas Houel Alice Bonnefoy-Mazure Kevin Lissajoux Valery Bocquet Nicolas Termoz 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(9):858-865
The aim of this study was to compare the kinetic and kinematic parameters of standing and crouch sprint starts. Parallel starts (PS), false starts (FS), jump starts (JS) and crouch starts (3PS) were compared. Eighteen participants performed each start on a force plate and six infrared cameras captured the three-dimensional coordinates of 36 retro-reflective markers. Performance during a five-metre sprint (T5m) was analysed. Duration of the start phase (Tstart), mean values of horizontal and total ground reaction forces (GRFs) (Fx_mean and Ftot_mean), ratio of force (RF), maximal power (Pmax) and kinetic energy (KE) of each limb were calculated. Significant differences were found for T5m, Tstart, KE, Pmax, Fx_mean, Ftot_mean and RF for the crouch start compared to the other starts (P ≤ 0.05). Significant correlations were found between T5m and Tstart (r = 0.59; P ≤ 0.001), and T5m and Pmax, Fx_mean and RF (?0.73 ≤ r ≤ ?0.61; P ≤ 0.001). To conclude, the crouch start resulted in the best performance because Tstart was shorter, producing greater Pmax, Fx_mean with a more forward orientation of the resultant force. Greater KE of the trunk in each start condition demonstrated the role of the trunk in generating forward translation of the centre of mass (CM). 相似文献
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Valery Chirkov 《Int J Intercult Relat》2009,33(2):94-105
Author presents critical analyses of the philosophy and methodology of the current research in the psychology of acculturation. He defends three theses. First, that the dominant mode of research in the psychology of acculturation does not correspond to the essential qualities of the phenomenon under scrutiny—the acculturation process. Acculturation researchers have been trying to apply a positivistic and quantitative approach to a phenomenon that is far beyond the capacity this approach has to comprehend it. Second, that there is no culture in acculturation research and the researchers do not even have working models of culture that could guide research in this area. Third, that the complex nature of the acculturation process requires very diverse thinking about the subject, an application of various epistemological and methodological approaches, inter- and multi-disciplinarity, intellectual flexibility, and the willingness to critically analyse achieved results and obtained knowledge. Unfortunately, all these capacities and attributes are yet scarce in the discourse of the psychology of acculturation. The presentation of the arguments is structured in three sections. First, the author presents a philosophical framework suitable for analysing both the current and future models of acculturation research. Then, he reports the results of the analysis of 42 articles on acculturation which is followed by conclusions and implications derived from this analysis. In the third section, the author provides an example and formulates suggestions for future acculturation research. 相似文献
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Van Cauwenberghe Eveline Labarque Valery Gubbels Jessica De Bourdeaudhuij Ilse Cardon Greet 《Early childhood research quarterly》2012
Preschools offer two main opportunities, recess and physical education (PE), for preschool children to participate in physical activity (PA) and are considered a suitable institution for PA promotion given the large number of children enrolled. Although PE can have a meaningful effect on preschoolers’ PA levels, preschool PE characteristics associated with increased PA have, to the best of our knowledge, not been identified. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine preschooler's PA levels and the associations with lesson context, teacher behavior, and environment during preschool physical education. A random sample of 573 preschoolers (288 boys; Mage = 5.4 years, SD = 0.4) from 35 preschools was examined during one PE class. Findings indicated that preschoolers accumulated 12 min (33%) of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), 5 min (13%) of light PA, and 20 min (54%) of sedentary behavior during PE. Forty-seven percent of the variance in pupils’ MVPA may be attributed to differences between PE classes. Less knowledge content, less promotion, less management, less preschoolers per 100 m2, using obstruction material, and not using throwing equipment were significantly associated with higher MVPA levels. These predictors explained 56% of the variance in MVPA at the PE class-level. To conclude, PE in its current format contributes only a small amount to the PA requirements of preschoolers. Preschoolers’ MVPA levels were related to modifiable PE characteristics indicating that preschool PE can be restructured to increase MVPA. 相似文献
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