Remote ischaemic preconditioning shortens QT intervals during exercise in healthy subjects     

Maxime Caru  François Lalonde  Hugo Gravel  Chantal Daigle  François Tournoux  Vincent Jacquemet 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(8):1005-1013

The protective action of remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) has been demonstrated in the context of surgical interventions in cardiology. Application of RIPC to sports performance has been proposed, but its effect on the electrocardiogram (ECG) during exercise remains unknown. This exploratory study aims to measure the changes in ventricular repolarization observed during exercise following RIPC in healthy subjects. In an experimental randomized crossover study, 17 subjects underwent two bouts of constant load exercise tests at 75% and 115% of gas exchange threshold (GET). Prior to exercise, they were allocated to either control or RIPC intervention with four cycles of 5?min of ischaemia followed by 5?min of reperfusion. ECG was continuously recorded during the protocol. QT and RR intervals were measured every 30?s (on an average tracing of the preceding 10?s). Although the time course of RR intervals did not differ between the two interventions (p?=?.56 at 75% GET and p?=?.74 at 115% GET), a significant shortening of QT intervals (measured from Q onset to T end) was observed during exercise (mean?±?standard deviation of RIPC vs. control: ?32?±?19?ms at 75% GET (p?p?p?p?相似文献   

Understanding the consequences of victory amongst sport spectators: The mediating role of BIRGing     

Iouri Bernache-Assollant  Yves Chantal  Patrick Bouchet  Marie-Françoise Lacassagne 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(6):719-725

Prior work on the relationships between team identification and spectators’ reactions to one's team victory has largely neglected the potential effects of mediating variables. In this research, we proposed that the process of Basking in Reflected Glory [BIRGing – the tendency to reduce the distance between oneself and one's team; Cialdini, R. B., Bordon, R. J., Thorne, A., Walker, M. R., Freeman, S., &; Sloan, L. R. (1976). Basking in reflected glory: Three (football) field studies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 34, 366–375] would lead spectators to almost take ownership of victories and share its benefits, thereby impacting their sense of national belonging in a positive manner. To this end, participants (N?=?73) were asked to watch an edited video clip showing a victory of the French national rugby team playing against South Africa. As expected, results revealed that BIRGing mediated the relationship between team identification and one's sense of national belonging. In closing, a number of implications are discussed along with future research avenues pertaining to the sport spectatorship literature.  相似文献   

Consensus among stakeholders about success factors and indicators for quality of online and blended learning in adult education: a Delphi study     

Yves Blieck  Ilse Ooghe  Chang Zhu  Koen Depryck  Katrien Struyven  Bram Pynoo 《Studies in Continuing Education》2019,41(1):36-60

Quality models for online and blended learning (OBL) have mainly been developed in higher education. The literature indicates that these models are often conceptualised from the providers’ perspective. What is important for the quality of OBL from the students’ perspective has recently received increased attention in the literature. Consensus among stakeholders about students’ quality needs is useful to support dialogue between professionals to strategically adopt OBL and to ensure that the needs of students are met. This study aims to validate a quality instrument for OBL, taking a set of 74 quality indicators and analysing them in terms of seven success factors (credibility, accessibility, transparency, flexibility, interactivity, personalisation, productivity). The Delphi method was selected as most suited. Participants from adult education were asked to indicate on a 7-point Likert scale to what extent the indicators add to OBL quality to meet students’ needs. After four Delphi rounds, the participants agreed on definitions of success factors and 30 indicators. The results are useful for institutions, ministries of education and external quality assessment agencies to assess the quality of OBL and can support institutions to implement improvement actions to ensure that the needs of students are met.  相似文献   

Compatibility and Complementarity of Classroom Ecology and Didactique Research Perspectives in Physical Education     

Jérôme Leriche  Jean-François Desbiens  Chantal Amade-Escot  Richard Tinning 《Quest (Human Kinetics)》2016,68(4):497-520

ABSTRACT

A large diversity of theoretical frameworks exists in the physical education literature. This article focuses on two of those frameworks to examine their compatibility and their complementarity. The classroom ecology paradigm concentrates on the balance between three task systems, two vectors, and programs of actions proposed by the physical education teacher and negotiated by students. The didactique research program studies the teaching and learning processes using the concepts of didactic contract and didactic milieu that focus on how the knowledge content emerges within teacher and students’ joint action. The article underlines the complementarity and the compatibility of the two frameworks when analyzing teaching and learning in physical education. It argues that the gray areas left by the classroom ecology paradigm could be filled with the insights of the didactique research program. A concise example of how the two frameworks have already been utilized is presented.  相似文献   

Students' privacy concerns in learning analytics: Model development     

Chantal Mutimukwe  Olga Viberg  Lena-Maria Oberg  Teresa Cerratto-Pargman 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2022,53(4):932-951

Understanding students' privacy concerns is an essential first step toward effective privacy-enhancing practices in learning analytics (LA). In this study, we develop and validate a model to explore the students' privacy concerns (SPICE) regarding LA practice in higher education. The SPICE model considers privacy concerns as a central construct between two antecedents—perceived privacy risk and perceived privacy control, and two outcomes—trusting beliefs and non-self-disclosure behaviours. To validate the model, data through an online survey were collected, and 132 students from three Swedish universities participated in the study. Partial least square results show that the model accounts for high variance in privacy concerns, trusting beliefs, and non-self-disclosure behaviours. They also illustrate that students' perceived privacy risk is a firm predictor of their privacy concerns. The students' privacy concerns and perceived privacy risk were found to affect their non-self-disclosure behaviours. Finally, the results show that the students' perceptions of privacy control and privacy risks determine their trusting beliefs. The study results contribute to understand the relationships between students' privacy concerns, trust and non-self-disclosure behaviours in the LA context. A set of relevant implications for LA systems' design and privacy-enhancing practices' development in higher education is offered.

Practitioner notes

What is already known about this topic

• Addressing students' privacy is critical for large-scale learning analytics (LA) implementation.
• Understanding students' privacy concerns is an essential first step to developing effective privacy-enhancing practices in LA.
• Several conceptual, not empirically validated frameworks focus on ethics and privacy in LA.

What this paper adds

• The paper offers a validated model to explore the nature of students' privacy concerns in LA in higher education.
• It provides an enhanced theoretical understanding of the relationship between privacy concerns, trust and self-disclosure behaviour in the LA context of higher education.
• It offers a set of relevant implications for LA researchers and practitioners.

Implications for practice and/or policy

• Students' perceptions of privacy risks and privacy control are antecedents of students' privacy concerns, trust in the higher education institution and the willingness to share personal information.
• Enhancing students' perceptions of privacy control and reducing perceptions of privacy risks are essential for LA adoption and success.
• Contextual factors that may influence students' privacy concerns should be considered.

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Open feedback in gymnastic judging causes conformity bias based on informational influencing     

Boen F  van Hoye K  Auweele YV  Feys J  Smits T 《Journal of sports sciences》2008,26(6):621-628

The aims of this study were twofold: (1) to determine whether open feedback (i.e. the ability to hear or see the scores of colleague judges after each performance) would lead judges in gymnastics to conform with their colleagues, and (2) to identify the underlying process on which this conformity is based. Twenty-three certified Flemish judges in women's gymnastics were randomly divided into panels of a maximum of five judges. These panels had to rate the same 30 videotaped individual vaults: 15 in phase 1 and 15 in phase 2. Two independent variables were orthogonally manipulated: feedback (or no feedback) during phase 1 and feedback (or no feedback) during phase 2. The results of phase 1 revealed that the variation between the judges' scores was less within panels that had received feedback than within panels that had not received feedback. We therefore conclude that the availability of feedback elicits conformity among gymnastic judges. The results of phase 2 indicated that this conformity continued even when feedback was no longer provided, suggesting that the observed conformity was based on informational influencing (i.e. because of uncertainty about the correct responses) and not on normative influencing (i.e. out of fear of standing out in the group).  相似文献   

How much exercise are older adults living in nursing homes doing in daily life? A cross-sectional study     

Philipe De Souto Barreto  Laurent Demougeot  Bruno Vellas  Yves Rolland 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(2):116-124

Information on the amount of exercise practised by nursing home (NH) residents is scarce. This study aimed at describing NH residents’ participation in exercise classes, as well as to examine whether the presence of a professional exercise instructor in the facilities is associated with residents’ exercise habits. The cross-sectional data of 5402 residents (median age = 88 years; mostly women (75.2%)) from 163 NHs in France were analysed. Adjusted logistic and linear regressions were performed to examine whether the presence of a professional exercise instructor in the NH was associated with exercise habits: exercise participation, frequency, duration, and levels. From the 5402 participants, 1914 were participating in exercise classes provided in the NH. Most of them had an exercise frequency of 1x/week or less. Median duration of exercise sessions was 45 min. Exercise levels were rated as: highly active (n = 487), intermediately active (n = 1096), and poorly active (n = 331). The presence of a professional exercise instructor working in the facility was significantly associated with exercise participation and with higher exercise frequencies and levels, and session duration. In conclusion, the presence of professional exercise instructors is associated with better exercise habits in NH residents. Improved exercise habits may potentially be translated into better health in this population.  相似文献   

The American Dream: A Cultural History Lawrence R. Samuel. Syracuse,NY: Syracuse University Press, 2012.     

Yves Laberge 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2013,36(4):397-398

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Post-Secondary Students’ Relationship to People They Consider to Be Scientific Experts     

Chantal Pouliot 《Research in Science Education》2011,41(2):225-243

This article is situated in contemporary debates about the ways to achieve a scientific literacy that encourages a greater lay participation in public debates and political decision making. Drawing on the notion of “relationship to scientific experts” (in French, “rapport aux experts scientifiques”), I explore the ways in which a group of 3 Quebec post-secondary students describe the relationships they hold toward people whom they consider to be scientific experts, as revealed during a project in which they investigated the controversy surrounding cellular telephone use. To this end, I scrutinize how the members of the group go about describing scientific experts and picture a prospective face-to-face discussion with a scientific expert. The data come from a case study (conducted over a 15-week period). The findings show that the group maintains a relationship of intimidation by scientific experts, in which the latter are depicted in terms of their knowledge and qualifications. Accordingly, the group was overawed not only by the accumulation of knowledge held and produced by scientific experts but also by the latter’s research experience and the high social recognition they occasionally enjoyed. Similarly, the group describes a prospective face-to-face discussion with a doctor or a researcher in terms of an impersonal, intimidating encounter during which its members’ learning and comprehension in relation to the controversy are assumed to be unequal to the task. The implications of the findings for future research are discussed.  相似文献   

A relational vector space model using an advanced weighting scheme for image retrieval     

Jean Martinet  Yves Chiaramella  Philippe Mulhem 《Information processing & management》2011

In this paper, we lay out a relational approach for indexing and retrieving photographs from a collection. The increase of digital image acquisition devices, combined with the growth of the World Wide Web, requires the development of information retrieval (IR) models and systems that provide fast access to images searched by users in databases. The aim of our work is to develop an IR model suited to images, integrating rich semantics for representing this visual data and user queries, which can also be applied to large corpora.  相似文献