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Av Hans‐Jørgen Dokka 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(1):135-151
Gill, P. E. 1976. The Relationship Between Mental Ability and Eight Background Variables. Scand. J. educ. Res. 20, 135‐145. Multiple regression is seen as a search technique when applied to IQ. test data. The results from such a search are stochastic rather than deterministic. Because of this it is imperative that comprehensive samples be studied. The sample in this study (n = 3,695) was representative of the population of Irish 6‐ to 12‐year‐olds. The results are surprising in that the total variance explained by predictors such as SES, sex, family size, position in family, absenteeism and urbanity is never more than 8 %. Differences in how predictors behave with IQ and Vocabulary are noted. SES, family size and urbanity are the most significant predictors. When Vocabulary is the criterion, sex differences (in favour of girls) emerge consistently. It is contended that pupils of low intelligence go absent more often than their peers. The total variance explained was increased when homoscedasticity was reduced by stabilizing criterion variance (by reducing age span). 相似文献
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Av docent Ingvar Johannesson 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(1):197-244
Søvik, N. 1977. Individual Instruction in Norwegian (The PODIN Project). Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 21, 197‐232. As the principle of integration instead of segregation has become dominant in the planning and organization of the Norwegian school (1st to 9th grade), different kinds of individualized instruction have been recommended to the teachers to use. The main problem behind the project reported here was to investigate whether, and to what extent, an experimental program of individualized instruction within an ordinary school class would improve students’ performance in oral and written Norwegian compared with traditional instruction. It was carried out in three parallel studies with first‐graders and a new series of three experiments with second‐graders. 相似文献
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Av doscnt Per Rand 《Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research》2013,57(1):29-45
Sandven, J. (1969). Recruitment to the gymnasium. A study of the influences of socioeconomic and personality factors on recruitment to the gymnasium. Scand. J. Educ. Res. 13, 29‐68. The object of the study was in the first place to elucidate the extent to which the socioeconomic factors may be influencing recruitment when the effect of personality factors, deemed to be important, are controlled and taken into account. Secondly, the object was to investigate the possible effect of personality factors on recruitment when the socioeconomic level is controlled or given due regard. A comprehensive investigation, involving about 3,500 students, was conducted among 9th graders in certain areas in Southern Norway: urban areas, densily populated non‐urban areas, rural areas. A follow‐up study comprising the students who transferred to the gymnasium was carried out. The report is based upon material collected in the 9th grade as well as in the later follow‐up. The results make it evident that the home environment, as expressed by socioeconomic level affects recruitment even when intellectual capacity, school achievement motivation, and feeling of security are controlled. An effect, in some cases marked, of each of these personality factors is also brought to light. 相似文献