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Delivering on the promise of E-Government (E-Gov) to implement IT-enabled changes implies that processes and service delivery modifications are incorporated into the routine operations of the public sector. This is referred to as institutionalization. In contrast, institutionalizing E-Gov involves practices through which system functionalities and procedures come to assume an embedded status within the organizational environment. Prior research has focused on institutionalization but offered few clues on these institutionalizing practices of E-Gov within organizations. Our theoretical framework posits that institutionalizing of E-Gov can be analyzed as situated practices. We apply this conceptual approach to analyze the case of an 11-year implementation of a strategic E-Gov project that automated the land mapping registration services and their delivery to the public. We examine institutionalization outcomes as construction of actor-networks and institutionalizing practices as enactment of actor-network reconfiguration. Our findings provide evidence of black-box status for some E-Gov functions and situated institutionalization for others. We thereby extend the research on E-Gov post-adoption and post-implementation behaviors by providing early evidence of generic institutionalization measures and institutionalizing practices. 相似文献
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M. Shamsul Alam M. Abul Kalam Azad Kamalesh Chandra Roy M. Majedur Rahman 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2009,346(2):112-125
This paper attempts to show the more suitability of the extended general Struble's technique than the unified Krylov-Bogoliubov-Mitropolskii (KBM) method in solving the problems that occur during the critical conditions. Recently a critically damped condition of an nth, n=2,3, … order weakly nonlinear autonomous ordinary differential equation has been investigated by the unified KBM method, in which the corresponding unperturbed equation has some real (negative) repeated eigenvalues. But there are more important critical conditions, which are still untouched. One of them occurs when a pair of complex eigenvalues is equal to another. It is complicated to formulate as well as to utilize the KBM method to investigate this condition. However, the extended general Struble's technique is applicable to both autonomous and non-autonomous systems. Solutions obtained for different critical conditions as well as for different initial conditions show a good agreement with the numerical solutions. The method is illustrated by an example of a fourth-order nonlinear differential equation whose unperturbed equation has repeated complex eigenvalues. A steady-state solution is determined for the non-autonomous equation. Moreover, a critical condition of a fourth-order nonlinear equation is investigated when two real eigenvalues of the unperturbed equation are non-positive and equal. 相似文献
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Creating a bridge to simulate simultaneous engineering experiences for senior undergraduate students
Andrew Otieno Abul Azad Radha Balamuralikrishna 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2006,31(2):181-189
Launching new or improved products to the market typically involves extensive collaboration within and beyond the enterprise. Succeeding in a customer-driven market economy demands the practice of simultaneous engineering. The standard engineering or engineering technology curricula continue to make efforts in providing students with opportunities to engage in real-life projects that simulate simultaneous engineering. However, the educational community as a whole has much to implement in this area. This paper presents an approach used to nurture simultaneous engineering through a unique collaboration between instructors in different disciplines. Student teams, formed from three different classes, conceived problems and worked through a problem-solving model to design and develop solutions. An assessment of these interdisciplinary projects revealed significant learning outcomes and their relationships to the diversity of team members. The experiences of both students and instructors are described and some recommendations made for instructor teams that envisage interdisciplinary student projects. 相似文献
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Gazi F. Azad Sara Gormley Steve Marcus David S. Mandell 《Psychology in the schools》2019,56(2):276-290
Problem solving between parents and teachers is critical to maximizing student outcomes. The current study examined the associations among the different components of problem solving, as well as the relationship between various characteristics and problem solving in parents and teachers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants were 18 teachers and 39 parents of children with ASD. Parents and teachers completed a demographic survey, phone interview, and dyad observation. Results indicated that parent and teacher problem solving strategies were correlated with each other. Lower‐income parents and parents interacting with White teachers displayed less problem solving. Findings suggest that school‐based service delivery models to improve problem solving should consider both skill development, as well as the sociodemographic characteristics that parents and teachers bring to their interactions. 相似文献
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Gazi F. Azad Steven C. Marcus Susan M. Sheridan David S. Mandell 《Journal of educational and psychological consultation》2013,23(4):460-486
ABSTRACTLittle research examines the best ways to improve communication between parents and teachers of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its effect on child outcomes. The present study tests an innovative parent-teacher consultation model, entitled Partners in School. The goal of Partners in School is to improve parent-teacher communication about evidence-based practices (EBPs) and, subsequently, outcomes for children with ASD. Participants were 26 teachers and 49 parents of children with ASD from a large urban public school district. Parents and teachers completed measures of their communication and child outcomes prior to and after receiving consultation through Partners in School. Results indicated that parents and teachers perceived improvements in child outcomes after participation in Partners in School. Changes in parent-teacher communication also were associated with changes in some child outcomes. Discussion highlights the important role of communication in consultations targeting family–school partnerships for children with ASD. 相似文献
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Bijan Mashaw 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2012,10(2):189-221
As a result of this research, a quantitative model and a procedure have been developed to create an online mentoring effectiveness index (EI). To develop the model, mentoring and teaching effectiveness are defined, and then the constructs and factors of effectiveness are identified. The model's construction is based on the theory that effectiveness is influenced by motivational factors and results from the total synergy used in the learning process. The validity of the model is checked through component analysis and structural equation modeling. It is shown that the model offers valid, reliable, and useful results for evaluating the relative effectiveness of an online course. 相似文献
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Florian Azad Engel Matthias Wagner Andreas Roth Swantje Scharenberg Thomas Bossmann Alexander Woll Billy Sperlich 《Sportwissenschaft》2018,48(1):120-128
Background and aim
This study examined the effects of a 6-week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs. low-intensity endurance training (LOW), applied during physical education on motor performance, mood and perceived exertion.Methods
Over a period of 6 weeks, 85 pupils (34 male; 51 female; age: 11.9?±?0.9 years) performed 11 sessions of either HIIT (20?min, intervals from 10?s to 4?min at about 90–100% of average running speed of 6?min run [vmean]) or LOW (30?min, intervals from 6–25?min at about 65–85% vmean). Before and after the 6?week intervention each pupils’ anthropometry and motor performance (20?m sprint, standing long-jump, lateral jumping from side to side, push-ups, sit-ups, 6?min run) were assessed. Session rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was recorded after each session and mood was assessed by questionnaire following the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 11th session.Results
RPE (p?<?0.05) was higher and mood more positive (p?<?0.05) with HIIT compared to LOW. Performances in the 6?min run (p?<?0.001; part. η2?=?0.473), 20?m sprint (p?<?0.001; part. η2?=?0.226), standing long-jump (p?<?0.05; part. η2?=?0.056), push-ups (p?<?0.001; part. η2?=?0.523) and sit-ups (p?<?0.001; part. η2?=?0.146) improved following HIIT and LOW with no significant time?×?group interaction (except for the sit-ups [p?<?0.05; part. η2?=?0.048]).Conclusions
HIIT and LOW improved the performances in 6?min run, 20?m sprint, standing long-jump and push-ups similarly. However, the improvements in HIIT compared to LOW were achieved in 30% less time. As time is limited in physical education classes, HIIT offers a new perspective for improving endurance and motor performance in children. The positive mood associated with HIIT demonstrates the applicability in physical education.9.
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Mir Mohammad Sadeghi Mohsen Azad Manjir Fatemeh Fahimifar Mohammad Javad 《Learning Environments Research》2020,23(1):117-128
Learning Environments Research - The purpose of present study was to examine the effect of friendship and relationship dimensions of the classroom environment on general and academic selfconcept.... 相似文献