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Research has indicated that the diagnoses and classification decisions made by professionals are often unreliable. People employ several heuristic strategies when making decisions under conditions of uncertainty. Use of these heuristics can have a detrimental effect on the decision-making process. This paper describes factors that may bias psychoeducational decision making and discusses three heuristic principles that affect decision making. The means by which school psychologists can be made aware of these heuristic principles and encouraged to consider them when making psychoeducational decisions are discussed. Other methods by which bias in the psychoeducational process can be reduced, including the use of statistical and actuarial-based assessment systems, the multitrait multimethod approach to multifactored assessment advanced by Gresham (1983), and direct instruction in reasoning and decision making are also discussed. 相似文献
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Joseph R. Davidow 《Psychology in the schools》1994,31(4):305-308
This article discusses five major points that are important to consider before implementing consultation techniques in the school setting. The five points are: (a) definition of a personal intervention philosophy, (b) realization of one's theoretical biases, (c) awareness of the ecology and topology of the setting in which the intervention is being delivered, (d) recognition of the importance of one's communication and relational skills, and (e) the importance of linking intervention to assessment. Consultants are also encouraged to think carefully about their intervention techniques, urged to follow a collaborative consultation model, and reminded of Whitehead's (1929) notion that Life in all its manifestations should be the subject matter for education. 相似文献
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Arun Garg Pankaj Abrol AD Tewari Rajiv Sen Harbans Lal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):85-86
Fifty children (1–4 years age) presenting with microcytic hypochromic anemia (hemoglobin less than 10g/dl) were studied in
two groups of 25 each. Group I was supplemented with iron (ferrous sulphate 6 mg/kg/d) while group II in addition to iron
was also supplemented with vitamin A (5000 IU/d). Hemoglobin concentration was found to be significantly increased after 4
weeks of iron supplementation. Rise in hemoglobin was comparatively more in-group II, as compared to group I, after 8 and
12 weeks. Serum iron was significantly higher after 4 weeks in both the groups. Packed cell volume (PCV) and retinol levels
increased significantly in-group II only. The data suggests that supplementation of vitamin A improves hematopoiesis. 相似文献
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