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Shalom M. Fisch Susan K. McCann 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1993,41(3):103-109
The current reform movement in mathematics education has called for new ways of teaching that encourage children to become
active participants in mathematical problem solving. In this article, the potential of educational television to elicit such
behavior is investigated by reviewing research on theSquare One TV television series. A sizable body of evidence indicates that, through viewer participation,Square One TV can promote mathematical behavior directly among its target audience of 8- to 12-year-olds. Described in the article are
the types of viewer participation that have been observed, threeSquare One TV formats that have consistently been found to elicit participative behavior, and several characteristics of these formats
that may have been responsible for increased viewer participation. If these characteristics are incorporated into future television-based
materials, they may increase the potential of the materials to elicit active participation among viewers.
The production ofSquare One TV and the research described here were supported by the National Science Foundation, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting,
the Carnegie Corporation, and the U.S. Department of Education. Production of the first season was also supported by the Andrew
W. Mellon Foundation and by the IBM Corporation. Additional funding for the fourth and fifth seasons was provided by the Intel
Corporation.
This article is based on a paper presented at the 1993 meeting of the American Educational Research Association in Atlanta,
Georgia. 相似文献
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Shalom M. Fisch William Yotive Susan K. McCann Brown M. Scott Garner Lisa Chen 《Learning, Media and Technology》1997,23(2-3):157-167
The Federal Communications Commission is considering whether to strengthen the implementation of the Children's Television Act of 1990, which requires broadcasters to air educational and informational programs for children. Some broadcasters have opposed such measures, arguing that not enough children will watch educational programs. This argument assumes that children distinguish between educational and non‐educational programs, find educational programs less appealing, and consequently are unlikely to watch them. The present study tests these assumptions directly, through a comparison of two animated programs set in prehistoric times, Cro (an educational program about technology) and The Flintstones (a non‐educational program). Results indicated that Cro’s technology content was salient to children but, contrary to the above assumptions, children did not distinguish between the programs on the basis of their educational content, and both programs were highly appealing. 相似文献
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Shalom M. Fisch Susan K. McCann Melissa A. Jurist David I. Cohen 《Learning, Media and Technology》1995,21(3):143-155
Within the field of formative research, there is debate as to whether researchers should collaborate with producers or serve as independent evaluators. The Children's Television Workshop (CTW) produces educational programs through a collaborative process of development that has come to be known as the “CTW Model”. Under the CTW Model, producers, content specialists, and researchers work together throughout the life of a project, from its initial conceptualization through its final production. This paper illustrates the value of the CTW Model via an in‐depth case study of the development and production of a single repeated format within Square One TV, an educational television series about mathematics. In particular, we focus on the multifaceted role played by formative research at all stages of production. 相似文献
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Coping with aversive stimulation in the neonatal period: quiet sleep and plasma cortisol levels during recovery from circumcision 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Measures of behavioral state and plasma cortisol were obtained on 80 healthy, full-term, 2-3-day-old, male newborns who were scheduled to be circumcised. To establish baseline or precircumcision levels, the newborns were observed, and behavioral state was recorded for the half hour prior to circumcision. Blood was sampled via heelstick for plasma cortisol determination at the end of this observation period. The newborns were then circumcised and assigned randomly to one of 4 postcircumcision, blood-sampling time-point groups. The time points were 30, 90, 120, and 240 min following the beginning of circumcision. Behavioral state was observed during circumcision and for the half hour prior to taking the second blood sample. The results showed a return to baseline cortisol levels sometime prior to 240 min, with data from an additional group of 10 newborns indicating that the return occurred by 150 min. Behavioral distress during circumcision was associated with elevations in plasma cortisol at 30 and 90 min. Quiet sleep was correlated negatively with plasma cortisol prior to circumcision, and significant increases in quiet sleep followed circumcision, with the greatest increase corresponding to the period of most rapid reductions in cortisol. 相似文献
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Jan Hendrik Fisch 《Research Policy》2003,32(8):1381-1396
This paper presents a new communication-economic network model to predict the allocation of R&D activities in MNCs. While traditional models examine the influencing factors of R&D internationalization separately for each country and come to a one-dimensional result, this multi-dimensional approach integrates the influencing factors in a way that allows to identify an efficient configuration of the entire R&D subsystem in many countries at a time. It captures the information flows and employs a genetic algorithm to find a dispersion of R&D activities in which the problems of international communication have the least negative impact. The model is tested with data from seven MNCs covering a range of 48 countries as potential R&D locations. 相似文献
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