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This is the first of a series of columns on the emerging new role of the academic library as a center for learning—but learning in a new sense, with a new focus on what the student actually actively incorporates rather than on teaching method. The new perspective is captured in the concept of student-centered or inquiry-based learning, with special emphasis on reading and better utilization of the extensive print resources carefully collected by academic libraries over the decades.  相似文献   
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Emerging from Bandura’s Social Learning Theory, this study of in-service elementary school teachers examined the effects of sustained Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) on self-efficacy in science teaching. Based on mixed research methods, and a non-equivalent control group experimental design, the investigation explored changes in personal self-efficacy and outcome expectancy among teachers engaged in PLCs that featured Demonstration Laboratories, Lesson Study, and annual Summer Institutes. Significant changes favoring the experimental group were found on all quantitative measures of self-efficacy. Structured clinical interviews revealed that observed changes were largely attributable to a wide range of direct (mastery) and vicarious experiences, as well as emotional reinforcement and social persuasion.  相似文献   
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Using a factorial survey administered to college students at two Universities, this study examines students’ tendencies to engage in academic misconduct. The relation of strain, self-control, and deterrence theories to likelihood of cheating are further explored. The results suggest that increasing the severity of the punishment for cheating does not deter academic misconduct; however, several variables indicating an increased certainty of being caught did decrease the likelihood of cheating behaviors. Only the strain variables that indicated a student had an ill family member or that the student found the course difficult significantly increased academic misconduct. Although self-control did not have a direct effect on cheating it indirectly affected cheating behaviors through students’ perceptions of getting caught and their perception of wrongfulness of the cheating behavior. Policy and future research implications of the findings are further discussed.  相似文献   
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图书馆馆际间的合作:全球性的进展   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
作者鼓励图书馆专业人员,不单要为自己的图书馆尽心尽力,也要走出自己的图书馆,贡献才智与全世界数字图书馆链接。为了达到提供更快的服务,把好的资源信息送到更边远的地区,作者列举近年来图书馆界馆藏数字化的多项工程的进展,说明图书馆馆际间合作的必要性,因为工程浩大,影响深远,需要靠跨国界、跨行业、跨机构的参与、精诚地合作、克服挑战和经费的大力支持。作者更鼓励图书馆专业人员,贡献一己之力,来完成服务无围墙的世界图书馆的宏愿,做一个真正的世界图书馆人。参考文献43。  相似文献   
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The emergence of digital libraries and publication is still in its infancy, but is racing towards a maturity which just five years ago would have seemed impossible. The principal problems which must be solved to make digital information a routine part of the information landscape fall into two domains— technological problems and social problems. It is probably not too much to suggest that a solution to most current technological obstacles to this networked world of information can be found in the next five years. Many of these problems have been addressed over the last two years in this column. At the same time the social problems, which are principally institutional and economic—such as, property rights and infrastructure (e.g., responsibility for access over time)—are not so close to resolution and may be harder to solve than those which are technologically based. Similarly, we are just beginning to consider the issues of preservation of digital information. Here the problems reflect not only technical issues but also the social ones which makes them doubly difficult to solve. For libraries and archives to manage digital information successfully over the long-term, these problems must be emphatically solved. If they are not resolved at the outset the legacy of digital information will be enormously more complex than print and the problems of preserving print materials—acid papers and embrittlement—will seem trivial by comparison. The complexity of this domain is reflected in Deanna B. Marcum's column— CBL, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.  相似文献   
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The cost to the client of Westlaw versus WestlawNext was assessed using two research methodologies. One methodology reflected real-world questions over time across categories. The other methodology had artificially generated questions broken down by category and evenly numbered across platforms. In both experiments, WestlawNext cost the client roughly double the cost of Westlaw Classic. Simplified pricing plans were cheaper for primary law and expert materials but were more expensive for other categories.  相似文献   
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