A negative trend of biomedical research in Libya: a bibliometric study     

Hani T. S. Benamer  Amin Bredan  Omran Bakoush 《Health information and libraries journal》2009,26(3):240-245

Background: It is well established that Libya is lagging behind its peers in biomedical research. The aim of this study is to analyse all the original biomedical publications affiliated with Libya from 1973 to 2007. Methods: PubMed and the Science Citation Index Expanded were searched for ‘original research’ biomedical studies affiliated with Libya. The generated data were hand searched and 329 ‘original research’ studies were included in the analysis. Results: The first study was published in 1973. Publication rate peaked to an average of 15.2 studies per year during 1986–1996 and dropped to an average of 8.8 studies per year during 1997–2007. Of 166 first authors; 41% were Libyans and 59% were expatriates. The latter contributed 104 studies between 1986 and 1996 and 36 studies between 1997 and 2007, while the Libyans contributed 63 and 61 studies in the two respective periods. Authors affiliated with Benghazi produced 67% of the published studies, while authors from Tripoli produced 30% and other medical schools, hospitals and research centres from other Libyan cities produced only 3%. Conclusion: This study showed a decline in biomedical research publication in Libya. We propose that the lack of a research culture among the Libyan medical professionals is one of the factors contributing to this decline, which coincided with the departure of expatriate doctors from Libya. Raising awareness of the importance of research and improving research skills among Libyan medical professionals may help to reverse the current trend.  相似文献   

Study on Urinary Candidate Metabolome for the Early Detection of Breast Cancer     

Faten Zahran  Ramzy Rashed  Mohamed Omran  Hossam Darwish  Arafa Belal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(3):319

A metabolomic study for determination of certain urinary metabolomes, 1-methyladenosine (1-MA), 1-methylguanosine (1-MG), and 8-hydroxy-2′ deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in urine specimens of breast cancer patients. The accuracy of these metabolites and their combined score with cancer antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) was developed to improve the early detection of breast cancer. This study recruited 52 healthy individuals, 47 benign breast tumors, and 167 malignant breast tumor patients. Urine samples were handled to adjust the creatinine concentrations to 8 mg/dL (0.7 mmol/L) and analyzed using GC–MS to detect and quantify the selected urinary metabolomes in urine samples of all participants. The accuracy of individual urinary metabolomes and their combination with CA15-3 were evaluated using multivariate statistical analysis. The cutoff value of CA15-3 was 32.5 U/mL. Cutoff values of 1-MA, 1-MG, and 8-OHdG were 2.19, 2.1, and 7.3 µmol/mmol creatinine, respectively. The concentrations of 1-MA, 1-MG, and 8-OHdG were significantly higher in breast cancer patients, especially in the early-stage. The combination of three urinary metabolomes with CA15-3 improves the diagnostic sensitivity of breast cancer. For the combined score, the area under the curve (AUC) value of combined score ranged from 0.820 to 0.950, with high accuracy, ranged from 77.0 to 95.5%. The most significant AUC (0.973), sensitivity (90.1%), selectivity (94.0%) was recorded at comparing the healthy control with the early-stage of malignant breast cancer. In conclusion, the combination of three urinary metabolomes with serum CA15-3 improves the diagnostic sensitivity of breast cancer.  相似文献   

Modern standard Arabic speech corpus for implementing and evaluating automatic continuous speech recognition systems     

Mohammad Abd-Alrahman Mahmoud Abushariah  Raja Noor Ainon  Roziati Zainuddin  Assal Ali Mustafa Alqudah  Moustafa Elshafei Ahmed  Othman Omran Khalifa 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2012,349(7):2215-2242

This paper presents our work towards developing a new speech corpus for Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), which can be used for implementing and evaluating Arabic speaker-independent, large vocabulary, automatic, and continuous speech recognition systems. The speech corpus was recorded by 40 (20 male and 20 female) Arabic native speakers from 11 countries representing three major regions (Levant, Gulf, and Africa). Three development phases were conducted based on the size of training data, Gaussian mixture distributions, and tied states (senones). Based on our third development phase using 11 hours of training speech data, the acoustic model is composed of 16 Gaussian mixture distributions and the state distributions tied to 300 senones. Using three different data sets, the third development phase obtained 94.32% and 8.10% average word recognition correctness rate and average Word Error Rate (WER), respectively, for same speakers with different sentences (testing sentences). For different speakers with same sentences (training sentences), this work obtained 98.10% and 2.67% average word recognition correctness rate and average WER, respectively, whereas for different speakers with different sentences (testing sentences) this work obtained 93.73% and 8.75% average word recognition correctness rate and average WER, respectively.  相似文献