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LIU Ai-jun FURUSATO Bungo RAVINDRANATH Lakshmi CHEN Yong-mei SRIKANTAN Vasanta MCLEOD David G. PETROVICS Gyorgy SRIVASTAVA Shiv 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(12)
Objective: To investigate molecular alterations associating with prostate carcinoma progression and potentially provide information toward more accurate prognosis/diagnosis. Methods: A set of laser captured microdissected (LCM) specimens from 300 prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP) were defined. Ten patients representing "aggressive" PCa, and 10 representing "non-aggressive" PCa were selected based on prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence,Gleason score, pathological stage and tumor cell differentiation, with matched patient age and race between the two groups.Normal and neoplastic prostate epithelial cells were collected with LCM from frozen tissue slides obtained from the RP specimens.The expressions of a panel of genes, including NPY, PTEN, AR,AMACR, DD3, and GSTP1, were measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (TaqMan), and correlation was analyzed with clinicopathological features. Results: The expressions of AMACR and DD3 were consistently up-regulated in cancer cells compared to benign prostate epithelial cells in all PCa patients, whereas GSTP1 expression was down regulated in each patient. NPY, PTEN and AR exhibited a striking difference in their expression patterns between aggressive and non-aggressive PCas (P=0.0203, 0.0284, and 0.0378, respectively, Wilcoxon rank sum test). The lower expression of NPY showed association with "aggressive" PCas based on a larger PCa patient cohort analysis (P=0.0037,univariate generalized linear model (GLM) analysis). Conclusion: Despite widely noted heterogeneous nature of PCa, gene expression alterations of AMACR, DD3, and GSTP1 in LCM-derived PCa epithelial cells suggest for common underlying mechanisms in the initiation of PCa. Lower NPY expression level is significantly associated with more aggressive clinical behavior of PCa; PTEN and AR may have potential in defining PCa with aggressive clinical behavior. Studies along these lines have potential to define PCa-associated gene expression alterations and likely co-regulation of genes/pathways critical in the biology of PCa onset/progression. 相似文献
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LIU Ai-jun FURUSATO Bungo RAVINDRANATH Lakshmi CHEN Yong-mei SRIKANTAN Vasanta MCLEOD David G. PETROVICS Gyorgy SRIVASTAVA Shiv 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2007,8(12):853-859
Objective： To investigate molecular alterations associating with prostate carcinoma progression and potentially provide information toward more accurate prognosis/diagnosis. Methods： A set of laser captured microdissected （LCM） specimens from 300 prostate cancer （PCa） patients undergoing radical prostatectomy （RP） were defined. Ten patients representing ＂aggressive＂ PCa, and 10 representing ＂non-aggressive＂ PCa were selected based on prostate-specific antigen （PSA） recurrence, Gleason score, pathological stage and tumor cell differentiation, with matched patient age and race between the two groups. Normal and neoplastic prostate epithelial cells were collected with LCM from frozen tissue slides obtained from the RP specimens. The expressions of a panel of genes, including NPY, PTEN, AR, AMACR, DD3, and GSTP1, were measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR （TaqMan）, and correlation was analyzed with clinicopathological features. Results： The expressions of AMACR and DD3 were consistently up-regulated in cancer cells compared to benign prostate epithelial cells in all PCa patients, whereas GSTP1 expression was down regulated in each patient. NPY, PTEN and AR exhibited a striking difference in their expression patterns between aggressive and non-aggressive PCas （P=0.0203, 0.0284, and 0.0378, respectively, Wilcoxon rank sum test）. The lower expression of NPY showed association with ＂aggressive＂ PCas based on a larger PCa patient cohort analysis （P=0.0037, univariate generalized linear model （GLM） analysis）. Conclusion： Despite widely noted heterogeneous nature of PCa, gene expression alterations ofAM,4CR, DD3, and GSTP1 in LCM-derived PCa epithelial cells suggest for common underlying mechanisms in the initiation of PCa. Lower NPY expression level is significantly associated with more aggressive clinical behavior of PCa; PTEN and AR may have potential in defining PCa with aggressive clinical behavior. Studies along these lines have potential to define PCa-associated gene expression alterations and likely co-regulation of genes/pathways critical in the biology of PCa onset/progression. 相似文献
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As important decisions are being made with regard to educational legislation, policy and provision for children with special educational needs (SEN), it is critical that the views of these key stakeholders are heard and considered. This article reports the perspectives of 38 children and young people with special educational needs on their schooling which formed part of a national review of the role of special schools and special classes in Ireland. Findings from the focus groups and individual interviews point to more favourable support for learning and social issues in special schools and special classes than in mainstream classes. Friendship is a recurrent theme in students' accounts and appears to mediate their enjoyment of school. The implications are considered with reference to research, policy and practice and the authors conclude that educators and policy makers should provide increased opportunities for students to play an active part in matters affecting them. 相似文献
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JULIE MCLEOD 《Gender and education》1998,10(4):431-444
This article argues that we need to understand feminist interventions- in education and other social domains- as both emancipatory and disciplining. While it is acknowledged that feminist reforms have made many positive and desirable changes in education, this article addresses the impact of these reforms from another perspective. It analyses the normative ambitions and the utopian hopes of feminist education and suggests that the Foucauldian concepts of 'technologies of the self' and 'governmentality' offer new and fruitful ways for theorising the relation between (feminist) strategies of social, educational and personal reform. These arguments are explored in dialogue with a historical case study of 1970s feminist pedagogical reforms in Australia. The article interprets pedagogical strategies based on sex-role socialisation models as developing techniques for regulating and remaking the self and as productive of feminist truths about gender identity and difference. These pedagogies articulated feminist ambitions to reform the sex role and to produce non-sexist, self-monitoring and androgynous pupils. Such attempts to remake gender illustrate some of the ways in which feminism, while a critical social movement which has achieved genuinely emancipatory outcomes, is also necessarily a governmental and normative practice. Finally, this article underlines the imperative for properly historical and self-reflexive accounts of familiar and favoured narratives about the promise of feminism. 相似文献
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Satisfaction with present emphasis on various components of curricula and the desire for changes in those same components were assessed as they related to two major opposing perspectives influencing professional identity, strict preparation in classical psychology, and broad, general, experiential preparation. A questionnaire asking counselor educators to rate 25 curriculum areas of their programs with respect to satisfaction and amount of change desired was sent to a modified, stratified random sample of 108 institutions. The responses on the 60 returns were analyzed by using Hotelling's T2 and subsequent dependent samples' t tests for indications of discrepancies between present and desired emphases. Significant discrepancies were examined for trends. Overall, there was an expressed desire for increased emphasis in every area. Grouping components logically produced a ranking according to desire for change as follows: career counseling, statistics-research and counseling experience, counseling theory and psychological background, and assessment. Implications of the findings for counselor preparation are discussed in relation to trends found regarding program size and available resources. 相似文献
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The LIFE project creates a digital lifecycle model based on previous work undertaken on the lifecycle of paper-based material.Web Archiving, Voluntarity Deposited Electronic Publications (VDEP), and E-Journal are chosen as case study for application and evaluation of the LIFE Mode.Case studies show its potential for further use in a numble of roles,such as improving assessment of the financial commitment,more effective planning for preservation activities etc.The LIFE Mode will be revised and refined in LIFE2 Project. 相似文献
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