A prospective examination of the impact of high levels of exercise training on sedentary behaviour     

Ann M. Swartz  Nora E. Miller  Young IK Cho  Whitney A. Welch  Scott J. Strath 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(2):222-230

The aim of this study is to determine changes in sedentary behaviour in response to extensive aerobic exercise training. Participants included adults who self-selected to run a marathon. Sedentary behaviour, total activity counts and physical activity (PA) intensity were assessed (Actigraph GT3X) for seven consecutive days during seven assessment periods (?3, ?2, and ?1 month prior to the marathon, within 2 weeks of the marathon, and +1, +2, and +3 months after the marathon). Models were fitted with multiple imputation data using the STATA mi module. Random intercept generalized least squares (GLS) regression models were used to determine change in sedentary behaviour with seven waves of repeated measures. Results: Twenty-three individuals (mean?±?S_x: 34.4?±?2.1y, 23.0?±?1.9% fat, 15 women, 8 men) completed the study. Marathon finishing times ranged from 185 to 344 minutes (253.2?±?9.6 minutes). Total counts in the vertical axis were 1,729,414 lower one month after the race, compared with two months prior to the race (peak training). Furthermore, counts per minute decreased by 252.7 counts·minute^?1 during that same time period. Daily sedentary behaviour did not change over the seven assessment periods, after accounting for age, gender, per cent body fat, wear time, marathon finishing time, and previous marathon experience. This prospective study supports the notion that PA and sedentary behaviours are distinct, showing that sedentary behaviour was not impacted by high levels of aerobic training.  相似文献   

Book reviews     

Wanda Pillow 《International journal of qualitative studies in education》2013,26(2):175-196

Reflexivity is commonly used in qualitative research and has been posited and accepted as a method qualitative researchers can and should use to legitimize, validate, and question research practices and representations. This paper closely examines the role of reflexivity as a methodological tool as it intersects with debates and questions surrounding representation and legitimization in qualitative research, within modernist and postmodernist ideologies, and pays close attention to how reflexivity is being defined and used in present-day research. Specifically, the author identifies and discusses the problematics of four common trends in present-day uses of reflexivity: reflexivity as recognition of self, reflexivity as recognition of other, reflexivity as truth, and reflexivity as transcendence. The author argues for a move away from comfortable uses of reflexivity to what she terms uncomfortable reflexive practices and provides an overview of the work of three authors who practice reflexivities of discomfort. Practicing uncomfortable reflexivity interrupts uses of reflexivity as a methodological tool to get better data while forefronting the complexities of doing engaged qualitative research.  相似文献   

Flipping the classroom to teach systematic reviews: the development of a continuing education course for librarians     

Marisa L. Conte  Mark P. MacEachern  Nandita S. Mani  Whitney A. Townsend  Judith E. Smith  Chase Masters  Caitlin Kelley 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2015,103(2):69-73

Objective:The researchers used the flipped classroom model to develop and conduct a systematic review course for librarians.Setting:The research took place at an academic health sciences library.Method:A team of informationists developed and conducted a pilot course. Assessment informed changes to both course components; a second course addressed gaps in the pilot.Conclusion:The flipped classroom model can be successful in developing and implementing a course that is well rated by students.  相似文献   

Transverse strength of chilled car wheel metal as affected by the relative directions of stress and chill.With some notes on the chemistry of cast iron     

Asa W. Whitney 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1897,143(4):267-278

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Helping the One You Hurt: Toddlers’ Rudimentary Guilt,Shame, and Prosocial Behavior After Harming Another          下载免费PDF全文

Jesse D. K. Drummond  Stuart I. Hammond  Emma Satlof‐Bedrick  Whitney E. Waugh  Celia A. Brownell 《Child development》2017,88(4):1382-1397

This study explored the role of guilt and shame in early prosocial behavior by extending previous findings that guilt‐ and shame‐like responses can be distinguished in toddlers and, for the first time, examining their associations with helping. Toddlers (n = 32; M_age = 28.9 months) were led to believe they broke an adult's toy, after which they exhibited either a guilt‐like response that included frequently confessing their behavior and trying to repair the toy; or a shame‐like response that included frequently avoiding the adult and seldom confessing or attempting to repair the toy. In subsequent prosocial tasks, children showing a guilt‐like response helped an adult in emotional distress significantly faster and more frequently than did children showing a shame‐like response.  相似文献   

When homelessness becomes a “luxury”: Neutrality as an obstacle to counterpublic rights claims     

Whitney Gent 《Quarterly Journal of Speech》2017,103(3):230-250

Rhetorical scholars have consistently demonstrated the value of engaging with difference in processes of public deliberation, yet publics still regularly make arguments on the basis of neutrality. Using a case study of advocacy for homeless bills of rights, I employ rhetorical field methods to assess vernacular responses to counterpublic rights claims. By attending to neutrality’s rhetorical force in practice, I examine how it enables publics to deny counterpublic assertions of inequality and obstruct counterpublic rights claims. I argue that neutrality allows publics to deny counterpublics’ needs, define counterpublics’ identities, and disguise their own self-interest. The theory of neutrality I offer here pushes rhetoricians beyond questions of its (un)desirability and (im)possibility to an understanding of how it operates.  相似文献   

Drug mules: women in the international cocaine trade     

Whitney Marsh 《Journal of Criminal Justice Education》2017,28(1):149-151

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Problems in Classroom Engagement: Validation of an Assessment for District-Wide Use in the Early Primary Grades     

Katherine Barghaus  John Fantuzzo  Whitney LeBoeuf  Cassandra Henderson  Feifei Li  Paul McDermott 《Early education and development》2017,28(2):154-166

Research Findings: The aim of this study was to provide an initial investigation into the psychometric properties of the Problems in Classroom Engagement Scale (PCES). The PCES was designed and tested for district-wide use as part of the report card system for a large urban school district. The PCES was administered to all 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-grade students in the district. Factor analytic examination revealed a bifactor structure as the best fit to the data. The bifactor structure reflected a general factor of Problems in Behavioral Engagement and two group factors: Problems in Social Engagement and Problems in Academic Engagement. These factors were found to be reliable within and across grades and demonstrated convergent and divergent relations with academic and behavioral outcomes. Practice or Policy: Findings provide initial evidence to support the routine use of the PCES in a large urban setting. The use of the PCES can help in fostering district-wide attention to students’ early difficulties with behavioral, social, and academic engagement.  相似文献   

The UNESCO book production statistics     

Gretchen Whitney 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1989,5(4):12-29

UNESCO’S Statistical Yearbook annually provides figures for the production of books in English, French, German, Spanish, and Russian. A detailed analysis of these data show that the lack of responses to questionnaires is the primary contributor to gaps in the statistics. If nonresponding countries had provided the requested information, the statistics would have shown increasing production of books in these languages. The 1987 questionnaire is reproduced in the Appendix. Gretchen Whitney is an assistant professor at the Graduate Library School of The University of Arizona and author ofLanguage Distribution in Databases. She teaches in the fields of information science and information policy.  相似文献   

Reflecting on tragedy: a commentary on deaths of children in restraints     

Mohr WK 《Child abuse & neglect》2006,30(12):1329-1331

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