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Although history of science is a potential resource for instructional materials, teachers do not have a tendency to use historical
materials in their lessons. Studies showed that instructional materials should be adaptable and consistent with curriculum.
This study purports to examine the alignment between history of science and the curriculum in the light of the facilitator
model on the use of history of science in science teaching, and to expose possible difficulties in preparing historical materials.
For this purpose, qualitative content analysis method was employed. Codes and themes were defined beforehand, with respect
to levels and their sublevels of the model. The analysis revealed several problems with the alignment of historical sources
for the physics curriculum: limited information about scientists’ personal lives, the difficulty of linking with content knowledge,
the lack of emphasis on scientific process in the physics curriculum, differences between chronology and sequence of topics,
the lack of information about scientists’ reasoning. Based on the findings of the analysis, it would be difficult to use original
historical sources; educators were needed to simplify historical knowledge within a pedagogical perspective. There is a need
for historical sources, like Harvard Case Histories in Experimental Science, since appropriate historical information to the
curriculum objectives can only be obtained by simplifying complex information at the origin. The curriculum should leave opportunities
for educators interested in history of science, even historical sources provides legitimate amount of information for every
concepts in the curriculum. 相似文献
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This survey investigates the extent to which Iranian academic library managers need managerial skills and the influence of their level of seniority on this need. The results revealed that, in general, managers' need for managerial skills is high especially “people related skills” over “analytical and self-related skills” and “task related skills”. Analysis of the mean scores of skills across three levels of managers shows that the middle level managers' need for managerial skills is higher than top managers and supervisors. Overall, most respondents ranked “creating organizational climate” as the skill most needed while few said they needed development for “counseling subordinates.” 相似文献
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Abdolmajid Hayati Firooz Mohmedi 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2011,42(1):181-192
The present study represented a preliminary effort to empirically examine the efficacy of subtitled movie on listening comprehension of intermediate English as a Foreign Language students. To achieve this purpose, out of a total of 200 intermediate students, 90 were picked based on a proficiency test. The material consisted of six episodes (approximately 5 minutes each) of a DVD entitled ‘Wild Weather’. The students viewed only one of the three treatment conditions: English subtitles, Persian subtitles, no subtitles. After each viewing session, six sets of multiple‐choice tests were administered to examine listening comprehension rates. The results revealed that the English subtitles group performed at a considerably higher level than the Persian subtitles group, which in turn performed at a substantially higher level than the no subtitle group on the listening test. 相似文献
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Libraries have experienced a great deal of change in communication networks and information technology. The Iranian academic libraries, like other libraries, attempted to adopt the new information technology. It should be realized that although new information technologies and electronic resources are collected on a large scale by academic libraries they are not always used in the same scale. There are some factors, which affect the rate of adoption of each new technology. Rogers in his theory introduced these factors in five categories as relative advantage, observability, trial- ability, complexity and compatibility. This paper investigates the effects of different features of electronic reference materials on the rate of their adoption. Results show that the most effective factors in adoption of electronic reference materials are the ability of electronic reference materials to facilitate information retrieval, shortening the time of searching and fair cost of resources. In addition, it seems that the most problematic factors, which slow down the adoption of electronic reference materials, stem from unfamiliarity of academic librarians and users with computers and searching of databases. 相似文献
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This paper reports a 4-month study that investigated the effectiveness of curriculum materials incorporating the history of
science (HOS) on learning science, understanding the nature of science (NOS), and students’ interest in science. With regards
to these objectives, three different class contexts were developed with three main types of information in history of science.
In the first class context, the similarities between students’ alternative ideas and scientific concepts from the HOS were
considered in developing teaching materials. In the second class context, the teacher developed discussion sessions on the
ways scientists produce scientific knowledge. In the third class context, short stories about scientists’ personal lives were
used without connection to the concepts of science or NOS. Ninety-one eighth-grade students were randomly assigned to four
classes taught by the same science teacher. The concepts in the motion unit and in the force unit were taught. Three of the
four classrooms were taught using the contexts provided by the HOS while the fourth class was taught in the same way that
the teacher had used in previous years. The effects on student meaningful learning, perceptions of the NOS, and interest in
science were evaluated at the beginning, at the middle, and at the end of the study to compare differences between historical
class contexts and the Traditional Class. Results of analysis showed that the changes in meaningful learning scores for the
first class context were higher than other classes but the differences between classes were not significant. The HOS affected
student perceptions of the scientific methods and the role of inference in the process of science. Stories from scientists’
personal lives consistently stimulated student interest in science, while discussions of scientific methods without these
stories decreased student interest. The positive effects of stories relating scientist’ personal life on student interest
in science has major importance for the teaching of science. This research also helps to clarify different class contexts
which can be provided with different types and uses of historical information. 相似文献
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Scientific literacy is one of the primary purposes of science education which briefly focuses on using and interpreting scientific explanations, understanding science within its culture. However, science curricula emphasize science with its cognitive aspects and underestimate affective and aesthetic aspects of science. Science education needs to cover beauty of science for students to cross borders between their own culture and culture of science and to achieve the aim of scientific literacy. Relating aesthetic aspects of science with content of science and paving the way for aesthetic experiences through artworks may enrich science education. The purposes of this study are to discuss the need of integrating aesthetic aspects of science in science instruction and to propose examples and pedagogical suggestions to promote aesthetic experiences into the science education. Artworks are selected to present socio-cultural aspects of science to demonstrate the culture of science, their stories are explained, and pedagogical suggestions are proposed. Advantages and difficulties of using artworks in science instruction are discussed as a result of the study. 相似文献
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Zouhayr Hayati 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(2):53-64
This survey investigates the extent to which Iranian academic library managers need managerial skills and the influence of their level of seniority on this need. The results revealed that, in general, managers' need for managerial skills is high especially “people related skills” over “analytical and self-related skills” and “task related skills”. Analysis of the mean scores of skills across three levels of managers shows that the middle level managers' need for managerial skills is higher than top managers and supervisors. Overall, most respondents ranked “creating organizational climate” as the skill most needed while few said they needed development for “counseling subordinates.” 相似文献
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The main purpose of this study was to determine pre-service teachers' use of reading strategies in their own readings. In addition, pre-service teachers' use of these strategies in their future teaching practices was also investigated. The subjects for this study were 505 pre-service teachers enrolled in one of the major universities in Ankara. The results of the study revealed that pre-service teachers employed 28 out of 38 reading strategies most of the time, but interview results illustrated that they reported using very limited scope of reading strategies. An interesting finding in this study was that all subjects accepted the responsibility to teach and improve their future students' reading skills. 相似文献
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