The neural correlates of working memory training in typically developing children     

Jonathan S. Jones  Anna-Lynne R. Adlam  Abdelmalek Benattayallah  Fraser N. Milton 《Child development》2022,93(3):815-830

Working memory training improves children's cognitive performance on untrained tasks; however, little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. This was investigated in 32 typically developing children aged 10–14 years (19 girls and 13 boys) using a randomized controlled design and multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (Devon, UK; 2015–2016). Training improved working memory performance and increased intrinsic functional connectivity between the bilateral intraparietal sulci. Furthermore, improvements in working memory were associated with greater recruitment of the left middle frontal gyrus on a complex span task. Repeated engagement of fronto-parietal regions during training may increase their activity and functional connectivity over time, affording greater working memory performance. The plausibility of generalizable cognitive benefits from a neurobiological perspective and implications for neurodevelopmental theory are discussed.  相似文献   

Early Childhood Parenting Predicts Late Childhood Brain Functional Connectivity During Emotion Perception and Reward Processing     

Daniel C. Kopala-Sibley  Marilyn Cyr  Megan C. Finsaas  Jonathan Orawe  Anna Huang  Nim Tottenham  Daniel N. Klein 《Child development》2020,91(1):110-128

Seventy-nine 3-year olds and their mothers participated in a laboratory-based task to assess maternal hostility. Mothers also reported their behavioral regulation of their child. Seven years later, functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired while viewing emotional faces and completing a reward processing task. Maternal hostility predicted more negative amygdala connectivity during exposure to sad relative to neutral faces with frontal and parietal regions as well as more negative left ventral striatal connectivity during monetary gain relative to loss feedback with the right posterior orbital frontal cortex and right inferior frontal gyrus. In contrast, maternal regulation predicted enhanced cingulo-frontal connectivity during monetary gain relative to loss feedback. Results suggest parenting is associated with alterations in emotion and reward processing circuitry 7–8 years later.  相似文献   

Faces in the mirror: Five decades of research and comment on the book trade 1931–2001     

Peter W. Adams 《Publishing Research Quarterly》2001,17(1):43-50

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Measuring Search Engine Quality   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  

David Hawking  Nick Craswell  Peter Bailey  Kathleen Griffihs 《Information Retrieval》2001,4(1):33-59

The effectiveness of twenty public search engines is evaluated using TREC-inspired methods and a set of 54 queries taken from real Web search logs. The World Wide Web is taken as the test collection and a combination of crawler and text retrieval system is evaluated. The engines are compared on a range of measures derivable from binary relevance judgments of the first seven live results returned. Statistical testing reveals a significant difference between engines and high intercorrelations between measures. Surprisingly, given the dynamic nature of the Web and the time elapsed, there is also a high correlation between results of this study and a previous study by Gordon and Pathak. For nearly all engines, there is a gradual decline in precision at increasing cutoff after some initial fluctuation. Performance of the engines as a group is found to be inferior to the group of participants in the TREC-8 Large Web task, although the best engines approach the median of those systems. Shortcomings of current Web search evaluation methodology are identified and recommendations are made for future improvements. In particular, the present study and its predecessors deal with queries which are assumed to derive from a need to find a selection of documents relevant to a topic. By contrast, real Web search reflects a range of other information need types which require different judging and different measures.  相似文献   

Electronic circuits and tubes: by the Electronics Training Staff at the Cruft Laboratory,Harvard University. 948 pages,illustrations, 15 × 23 cm. New York,McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 1947. Price, $7.50     

H.N. Michael 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1948,245(6):533-534

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Detoxication mechanisms.The metabolism of drugs and allied organic compounds: by R. Tecwyn Williams. 288 pages, 14 × 22 cm. New York,John Wiley & Sons,Inc., 1948. Price, $5.50     

Henry N. Michael 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1948,245(6):528

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A Tribute to Steve Balch     

Peter Wood 《Academic Questions》2009,22(2):226-233

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A mechanical integraph for the numerical solution of integral equations     

Peter L. Tea 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1948,245(5):403-419

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Field practice: by Elwyn E. Seelye. A Data Book For Civil Engineers.306 pages,tables, drawings and illustrations, 13 × 211 curs. New York,John Wiley & Sons,Inc., 1947. Price $4.50     

H.N. Michael 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1948,245(5):445-446

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Book reviews     

Ronald J. Zboray  Anita A. Jones  Shirley Kessel  Clarkson N. Potter  Megan Benton  William A. Wortman  Barbara Kiefer  Richard C. Rowson 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1992,8(4):86-106

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