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Steffen E. Seufert 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2002,17(1):1-11
Zusammenfassung. In diesem Beitrag wird ein formaler Ansatz zur Ableitung von Zugriffsrechten auf der Basis eines formalen Organisationsmodells
vorgestellt. Hierzu wird der Ansatz der rollenbasierten Zugriffskontrolle (engl. Role-Based Access Control, kurz RBAC) um die M?glichkeit erweitert, Aufbauorganisationen zu modellieren. Der Vorteil gegenüber rollenbasierten Ans?tzen mit einfachen
Rollenhierarchien ist die klare Struktur, die einem Zugriffskontrollmodell durch die Organisationsform aufgepr?gt wird. Des
Weiteren k?nnen organisatorische Regelungen, wie z.B. Urlaubsvertretung oder Weisungsbefugnis, direkt im Modell hinterlegt
werden. Aufwendig zu pflegende und h?ufig inkonsistente Rollenkataloge werden obsolet. Sicherheitsstrategien mit unpr?zisen
Vorgaben lassen sich mittels der vorgestellten Technik der sog. `Kompetenzerweiterung' umsetzen. Das zugrundeliegende Paradigma
des vorgestellten Ansatzes unterscheidet sich stark von anderen Ans?tzen mit statischer Autorisation. Nutzer k?nnen sich Zugriffsrechte
in fest definierten Grenzen selbstverantwortlich zuteilen, wobei jedoch eine nachtr?gliche Kontrolle stark vereinfacht und
damit praktikabel wird.
Eingegangen am 22. Februar 2001 / Angenommen am 22. Mai 2001 相似文献
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Steffen Pacholak Stefan Hochstein Alexander Rudert Christoph Brücker 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2014,13(2):176-194
The undulatory underwater sequence is one of the most important phases in competitive swimming. An understanding of the recurrent vortex dynamics around the human body and their generation could therefore be used to improve swimming techniques. In order to produce a dynamic model, we applied human joint kinematics to three-dimensional (3D) body scans of a female swimmer. The flow around this dynamic model was then calculated using computational fluid dynamics with the aid of moving 3D meshes. Evaluation of the numerical results delivered by the various motion cycles identified characteristic vortex structures for each of the cycles, which exhibited increasing intensity and drag influence. At maximum thrust, drag forces appear to be 12 times higher than those of a passive gliding swimmer. As far as we know, this is the first disclosure of vortex rings merging into vortex tubes in the wake after vortex recapturing. All unsteady structures were visualized using a modified Q-criterion also incorporated into our methods. At the very least, our approach is likely to be suited to further studies examining swimmers engaging in undulatory swimming during training or competition. 相似文献
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Conventionally, isotachophoresis (ITP) is used for separation of ionic samples according to their electrophoretic mobilities. We demonstrate that the scope of ITP applications may be extended toward particle concentration and separation. Owing to the distributions of electrolyte concentration and electric field inside a transition zone between two electrolytes, a number of different forces act on a small particle. As far as possible, we provide estimates for the order of magnitude of these forces and analyze their scaling with the particle size and the electric-field strength. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrate that polymer beads of 5 μm diameter dispersed in a high mobility “leading” electrolyte are picked up and carried along by an ITP transition zone which is formed with a low mobility “trailing” electrolyte. By studying the particle positions and trajectories, we show that impurities in the electrolytes play a significant role in the experiments. Additionally, it is experimentally shown that different types of beads can be separated at an ITP transition zone. In particular, beads of 1 μm diameter are not carried along with the transition zone, in contrast to the 5 μm beads. The presented technique thus adds to the portfolio of electrokinetic transport, concentration, and separation methods in microfluidics. 相似文献
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Steffen Hillmert 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2014,17(2):73-94
This paper describes mutual links between educational attainment and social inequality from a life course perspective. Analytically we distinguish between aspects of inequality with regard to access to education, consequences of education, and social reproduction through education. A special emphasis is put on the role institutions play in these processes. The paper presents selected empirical findings, discusses theoretical mechanisms, and draws some conclusions for the conceptualisation of education systems. 相似文献
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Controlled electroporation of the plasma membrane in microfluidic devices for single cell analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chemical cytometry on a single cell level is of interest to various biological fields ranging from cancer to stem cell research. The impact chemical cytometry can exert in these fields depends on the dimensionality of the retrievable analytes content. To this point, the number of different analytes identifiable and additionally their subcellular localization is of interest. To address this, we present an electroporation based approach for selective lysis of only the plasma membrane, which permits analysis of the dissolved cytoplasm, while reducing contributions from the nucleus and membrane bound fractions of the cell analytes. The use of 100 μs long pulse and a well defined DC electric field gradient of ∼4.5 kV·cm−1 generated by 3D electrodes initiates release of a cytoplasm marker in ≪1 s, while retaining nuclear fluorescence markers. 相似文献
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Eppler Elisabeth Meyer Jan Serowy Steffen Link Karl Pauk Barbara Filgueira Luis 《Research in Science Education》2021,51(2):277-299
Research in Science Education - This educational study aimed to explore the feasibility and acceptance of a literacy exercise adopted from the realworld of scientific publishing in a cell and... 相似文献
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Instructional Science - Digital drawing can foster learning, but only if the drawing is of sufficient quality. Hence, the focus of the present study was to investigate whether and how two types of... 相似文献