A Symbiosis of Access: Proliferating STEM PhD Training in the U.S. from 1920–2010     

Fernandez  Frank  Baker  David P.  Fu  Yuan-Chih  Muñoz  Ismael G.  Ford  Karly Sarita 《Minerva》2021,59(1):79-98

Minerva - Over the course of the 20th century, unprecedented growth in scientific discovery was fueled by broad growth in the number of university-based scientists. During this period the American...  相似文献   

Does modality matter? A latent profile and transition analysis of sedentary behaviours among school-aged youth: The UP&DOWN study     

David Sánchez-Oliva  Rebecca M. Leech  Alberto Grao-Cruces  Irene Esteban-Cornejo  Carmen Padilla-Moledo  Oscar L. Veiga 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(9):1062-1069

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were to identify profiles of sedentary behaviour (SB) patterns, based on leisure-time self-reported SB modalities (screen, educative, social, and relaxing) and to evaluate changes in these profiles over 2 years among Spanish youth aged 8–18 years. Latent profile analysis (LPA), a data-driven analytic approach, was used to identify groups of boys and girls (n = 1553; 48% girls; mean±SD age: 12.56 ± 2.49 y) with distinct SB profiles using the SB modalities (time/d) as input variables. Latent transition analysis, an extension of LPA that uses longitudinal data, was used to analyse 2-year changes in these profiles. At baseline, four and three SB profiles were found among boys (labelled: screen, educative, social, and relaxing) and girls (labelled: screen/social, educative, and relaxing), respectively. Overall, more girls (range: 48%-67%) had the same profile over time, than boys (40%-52%). Participants with a screen or relaxing SB profile at baseline were more likely to have an educative profile after 2 years. Youth with a social and an educative SB profile at baseline were more likely to transition to profiles characterized by higher screen and social SB, respectively. Using a novel and person-centered approach, this study identified gender-specific SB profiles that were moderately stable over time.  相似文献   

The Grand Challenges Discourse: Transforming Identity Work in Science and Science Policy     

David Kaldewey 《Minerva》2018,56(2):161-182

This article analyzes the concept of “grand challenges” as part of a shift in how scientists and policymakers frame and communicate their respective agendas. The history of the grand challenges discourse helps to understand how identity work in science and science policy has been transformed in recent decades. Furthermore, the question is raised whether this discourse is only an indicator, or also a factor in this transformation. Building on conceptual history and historical semantics, the two parts of the article reconstruct two discursive shifts. First, the observation that in scientific communication references to “problems” are increasingly substituted by references to “challenges” indicates a broader cultural trend of how attitudes towards what is problematic have shifted in the last decades. Second, as the grand challenges discourse is rooted in the sphere of sports and competition, it introduces a specific new set of societal values and practices into the spheres of science and technology. The article concludes that this process can be characterized as the sportification of science, which contributes to self-mobilization and, ultimately, to self-optimization of the participating scientists, engineers, and policymakers.  相似文献   

Context and technology use: Opportunities and challenges of the situated perspective in technology acceptance research     

David John Lemay  Tenzin Doleck  Paul Bazelais 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2019,50(5):2450-2465

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TAM and stages of adoption of blended learning in higher education by application of data mining techniques     

Antonio Víctor Martín-García  Fernando Martínez-Abad  David Reyes-González 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2019,50(5):2484-2500

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A meta-cognitive approach to doping in sports: The effects of thought validation on attitudes related to doping     

Javier Horcajo  David Santos  Joshua J. Guyer  Rafael Mateos 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(19):2242-2252

ABSTRACT

To better understand doping-related attitude change, it is important to consider not only the amount of thinking (i.e., elaboration) done by message recipients, but also the favourability of their thoughts in response to the proposal, as well as the perceived validity in their thoughts. The main goal of the present study was to analyse the effects of a meta-cognitive process (i.e., thought validation) on attitudes related to doping. Thus, we randomly assigned participants to read a message either against or in favour of legalising several doping behaviours. Participants listed their thoughts regarding the proposal and indicated the perceived validity in their thoughts, then reported their attitudes. As hypothesised, the message against legalisation elicited more unfavourable thoughts and attitudes than the message in favour of legalisation. Most relevantly, the effects of the message direction on attitudes were greater for participants with higher (vs. lower) levels of thought validity. Furthermore, consistent with the thought validation process, results revealed that thought favourability was a better predictor of attitudes for participants with higher (vs. lower) perceived thought validity, indicating that perceiving one’s thoughts as valid plays an important role in persuasion. These findings provide novel insights for research and interventions regarding doping in sports.  相似文献   

浅谈冬季体育运动对少儿心肺功能的作用   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

郭俊清 《冰雪运动》2003,(2):118-120

通过在少儿时期进行冬季体育锻炼的实验研究，试图改变其遗传属性和生理机能，提高心肺功能，从而使少儿的身心得到全面发展，以促进人类使康水平的整体提高。  相似文献   

奥林匹克运动的教育价值   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

郭怡  阮可 《浙江体育科学》2003,25(5):46-47,51

主要运用文献综述和逻辑分析法对奥林匹克运动的教育价值进行全方位的探讨。研究表明：在新世纪的今天，奥林匹克运动更不仅仅是体育运动，只具有身体教育价值，她已经超越了体育的范畴，在思想道德素质(即德育)、科学文化素质(即智育)、审美素质(即美育)方面具有更深远的价值。  相似文献   

太极拳的保健作用与机理探讨   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

蒋国雄 《湖北体育科技》2003,22(1):48-49

从运动生理学的角度对太极拳运动的保健作用与机理进行了论述。  相似文献   

体育信息网络传播的现状与对策   总被引：15，自引：2，他引：13  

罗璇  郭讲用 《上海体育学院学报》2003,27(3):34-38

运用现代传媒理论，分析了互联网在体育信息传播中的应用现状。结果表明，互联网在历次重大体育信息传播中承担重要角色；网络面临“受众危机”。传媒与传统媒介的协调融合、互补共生等。同时提出了体育信息传播的“网络危机”理论及对策：网络传媒与传统媒介的协调融合、互补共生等。  相似文献