Projectification of Doctoral Training? How Research Fields Respond to a New Funding Regime     

Marc Torka 《Minerva》2018,56(1):59-83

Funding is an important mechanism for exercising influence over ever more parts of academic systems. In order to do so, funding agencies attempt to export their functional and normative prerequisites for financing to new fields. One essential requirement for fundees is then to construct research processes in the form of a project beforehand, one that is limited in time, scope and content. This article demonstrates how the public funding of doctoral programs expands this model of project research from experienced academics to the socialization process for the new academic generation. This process of “projectification” underlies funding-driven institutional changes in doctoral training. A multi-level comparative study of German policies, funding mechanisms and organizational frameworks for doctoral training demonstrates the emergence of a specific model of predefined PhD projects. The investigation of doctoral training practices reveals that socio-epistemic preconditions regulate whether research fields adopted or rejected this demanding model. This result contradicts widespread claims about a radical change in doctoral training and suggests focusing on the actual practices of field-specific doctoral research.  相似文献   

Ownership,organization structure and public service provision: the case of museums     

Enrico E. Bertacchini  Chiara Dalle Nogare  Raffaele Scuderi 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2018,42(4):619-643

This article provides an empirical investigation of the effects of the ownership and organizational structure on the performance of cultural institutions. More specifically, we consider how museums are effective in their function of disseminating culture to audiences and contributing to the local development. By exploiting a unique data set based on the 2011 census of Italian museums, we develop performance indices of accessibility, visitors’ experience, web visibility and promotion of the local cultural context. Using count data models, we regress such measures on the type of organization. We distinguish between governmental museums, public museums whose administration is either outsourced or has financial autonomy and private museums. We control for the most salient characteristics of a museum, competition pressure and some proxies of potential audience. Our evidence shows that private museums, public museums with financial autonomy and outsourced museums outperform public museums run as sub-units of culture departments. This paper contributes to the cultural economics and public policy and administration literature by adding insights into the effect of outsourcing and administrative decentralization in the public cultural sector.  相似文献   

Effects of the “Gangnam Style Syndrome” on the South Korean stock market     

Hyun Joung Jin  Jang-Chul Kim 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2018,42(1):139-161

This study attempts to answer two questions. First, can a single cultural event impact the stock prices of a wide range of companies and sectors? Second, was the positive stock market response in the information technology (IT) sector as well as performing arts sector significant? To answer these questions, we examine whether a hit pop single, “Gangnam Style” by Park Jae-Sang in 2012, affected related sectors of the Korean stock market and whether market reactions went beyond the stock price of the singer’s agency to affect those of other firms. We use an event study approach. The results show two notable empirical findings. First, although the findings indicating abnormal returns and cumulative abnormal returns appear mixed, the overall results imply that the unprecedented worldwide hit single by the South Korean singer positively affected the Recreation & Culture and Digital Content sectors. In other words, the market interpreted the event as good news, with shareholders expecting positive effects on the related sectors. Second, a positive stock market response was observed in the IT sector as well.  相似文献   

我国体育产业发展与国民经济增长关系的实证研究     

李国  孙庆祝 《武汉体育学院学报》2019,53(1):43

运用文献资料、数理统计、VAR模型等方法，基于2005-2015年国民经济与体育产业发展统计指标数据，通过协整检验、向量误差模型、格兰杰因果检验、脉冲响应函数与方差分解等，对我国体育产业发展与国民经济增长之间的关系进行实证分析。研究结果为：（1）协整检验与向量误差模型分析显示，体育产业增加值与国民经济发展之间存在正相关长期协整关系，这种均衡关系具有反向修正机制，当均衡关系发生波动时，当期以-1.744 073倍的力度对前一期偏离状态进行调整，将其拉回到长期均衡状态；（2）格兰杰因果检验显示，体育产业发展是国民经济增长的Granger原因，但国民经济增长不是体育产业发展的Granger原因；（3）脉冲响应函数显示，国民经济波动对其自身发展与体育产业发展均产生负效应，体育产业对于自身冲击的脉冲响应呈正相关趋势，并且能够迅速促进国民经济发展。（4）方差分解显示，国民经济在其自身发展与体育产业发展中的作用呈逐渐增大之势，体育产业的影响则呈逐渐减小之势。最后，提出了"识别均衡关系：促进国民经济与体育产业互惠共生发展"、"衡量脉冲响应：降低国民经济与体育产业均衡发展负效应"、"重视方差分解：权衡国民经济与体育产业影响因素相对性"、"完善政策法规：优化国民经济与体育产业均衡发展制度环境"等促进国民经济与体育产业均衡发展的现实路径。  相似文献   

Innovative approaches towards an economic fusion reactor     

Houyang Guo  Francis Y C Thio  Michl W Binderbauer  Richard J Buttery  Thomas R Jarboe  Rajesh Maingi  John S Sarff  Peter C Stangeby  Derek A Sutherland  Mickey R Wade  Michael C Zarnstorff 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(2):245

  相似文献   

Idea generation in biomedical engineering courses using Design Heuristics     

Jin Woo Lee  Anastasia Ostrowski  Aileen Huang-Saad  Colleen M. Seifert 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2019,44(3):360-378

ABSTRACT

With increasing demand for improved medical equipment and healthcare, next-generation biomedical engineers need strong design skills. Equipping biomedical engineering students with tools for idea generation and development can increase student design success. Design Heuristics are an ideation tool developed through empirical studies of product designs. While identified in the mechanical engineering space, Design Heuristics may be applicable in biomedical engineering design. In our study, we implemented a Design Heuristics session during upper-level undergraduate and first-year graduate biomedical engineering design courses. We examined the applicability of Design Heuristics within individual and team concept generation contexts. The findings demonstrated that biomedical engineering students were able to use Design Heuristics to generate multiple concepts, and that initial concepts produced using Design Heuristics were carried over into final team design. The results support the applicability of Design Heuristics to student idea generation in biomedical engineering design.  相似文献   

体育锻炼促进本科女生学习效率的实证研究     

果梅  刘振卿  李鑫  刘鹏飞  陈萍 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(5):85-86

本研究通过量表信效度检测、设计量表、相关性分析,以北京工业大学本科女生群体作为调查对象,探究本科女生体育锻炼与其学习效率是否具有相关性。最终通过数据分析得到,本科女生体育锻炼与其学习效率成正相关性,故基于"线上线下"、"课上课下"角度一级北京工业大学校园资源建设的实际情况,提出相对应的措施来促进北京工业大学本科女生体育锻炼水平,进而提升其学习效率。  相似文献   

赋能存量 做优增量 把握变量——面向“十四五”的国内高校图书馆文献信息资源建设思考     

郭晶 《图书情报工作》2021,65(1):47-54

[目的/意义]面向“十四五”的高校图书馆文献信息资源建设既是整体规划的重要组成部分,又是图书馆的服务保障与基础条件。明确编制过程、调研重点、发展思路与实施措施,对于高校图书馆中长期的文献信息资源建设战略有重要的指导作用和现实意义。[方法/过程]结合文献调研与行业观察和分析,采取案例研究、政策文本解读、比较研究等方法,总结高校图书馆制订文献信息资源建设“十四五”规划的策略与发展思路。[结果/结论]文献信息资源建设的总体思路是赋能存量、做优增量和把握变量,针对新发展阶段高校图书馆的目标与任务,提出具体的实施策略。  相似文献   

云平台驱动的应急决策情报工程架构研究     

储节旺  汪敏  郭春侠 《图书情报工作》2019,63(16):5-13

[目的/意义]将情报工程思维融入云平台驱动的应急决策，旨在使应急决策更具效率性、科学性。[方法/过程]分析应急决策需求特性，在工程价值模型和情报系统基础上引入情报工程思维，即"事实数据"+"方法工具"+"专家智慧"3个要素，进而构建云平台驱动的应急决策情报工程架构。[结果/结论]云平台驱动的应急决策情报工程架构根据函数效应，从需求层（聚合需求，甄选信息）、工作层（挖掘情报，提升价值）、运行层（整合知识，集成智慧）以及服务层（快速响应，精准服务）4方面构建，使应急决策情报工程化及平行化，为应急决策在实际应用中提供一定思路。  相似文献   

挑战、困境与化解:数字环境下我国图书馆合理使用条款及其适用的再探讨     

王果  张立彬 《图书情报工作》2019,63(10):5-11

[目的/意义] 合理使用是维持著作权人个人利益与社会公共利益平衡的重要机制之一，对承担公共文化服务功能的图书馆尤为重要，但实践中图书馆的合理使用条款并未充分发挥利益平衡的作用，有必要对其存在问题及形成原因进行深入分析。[方法/过程] 通过与域外立法相比较，以及司法实践中的案例分析，可看出我国图书馆合理使用的主要问题在于现行法律规定滞后、规则不明晰，导致合理使用适用范围狭窄，还同时受到许可协议、技术措施的挤压。[结果/结论] 为化解图书馆合理使用条款的适用困境，可从增加原则性规定、明确其法律属性为强制性规定、扩大有关条款的适用范围等方面来完善立法。图书馆自身也应加强知识产权管理、提高知识产权素养，严格遵照法律规定以消除侵权隐患。  相似文献