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BackgroundMethodological issues have been identified when quantifying exposure to adversity and abuse. To address a single type may obscure covarying effects. To sum multiple exposures gives equal weight to each. Latent class analysis (LCA) addresses this by identifying homogenous subpopulations. Most studies using LCA have pooled gender data in spite of evidence that the nature and frequency of exposure differs by gender. Males report more interpersonal abuse, females report more of other exposures, particularly sexual.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify if stratifying data by gender resulted in different profiles of adversity/abuseParticipants and setting: The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) wave II, a large community-based survey, nationally representative of the US population.MethodThis study used 14 indicators of childhood adversity as the basis for LCA.ResultsThe number and nature of classes differed by gender. The best solution for females was 4-class: a low risk class; a class at higher risk of sexual abuse; a class at higher risk of physical abuse; a class at higher risk of combined physical and sexual abuse. The best solution for males had only 3-classes; a low risk class, a class at higher risk of sexual abuse; a class at higher risk of physical abuse. The combined dataset resulted in a solution similar to the female solution.ConclusionThe importance of developing models for males and females separately was evidenced by the male and female classes being differentially associated with mental health variables. 相似文献
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从心理逆境和网络成瘾看大学生逆商教育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
大学生面临的心理逆境层出不穷,与之相应的应对方式却令人堪忧。有的采取一种极端的自伤或伤人的方式;有的终日陷入“无聊”、“郁闷”的旋涡不能自拔;随着网络的普及,也有相当一部分学生从网络中寻求压力释放的途径而形成网络成瘾。面对这样的现实,对大学生实施逆商教育是大学生心理健康教育和大学生素质培养的一个不容忽视的方面。 相似文献
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This pilot study examined the psychometric properties of the Benevolent Childhood Experiences (BCEs) scale, a new instrument designed to assess positive early life experiences in adults with histories of childhood maltreatment and other adversities. A counterpart to the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) questionnaire, the BCEs was developed to be multiculturally-sensitive and applicable regardless of socioeconomic position, urban-rural background, or immigration status. Higher levels of BCEs were hypothesized to predict lower levels of psychopathology and stress beyond the effects of ACES in a sample of ethnically diverse, low-income pregnant women. BCEs were also expected to show adequate internal validity across racial/ethnic groups and test-retest stability from the prenatal to the postnatal period. Participants were 101 pregnant women (M = 29.10 years, SD = 6.56, range = 18–44; 37% Latina, 22% African-American, 20% White, 21% biracial/multiracial/other; 37% foreign-born, 26% Spanish-speaking) who completed the BCEs and ACEs scales; assessments of prenatal depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, perceived stress, and exposure to stressful life events (SLEs) during pregnancy; and demographic information. Higher levels of BCEs predicted less PTSD symptoms and SLEs, above and beyond ACEs. The BCEs showed excellent test-retest reliability, and mean levels were comparable across racial/ethnic and Spanish-English groups of women. Person-oriented analyses also showed that higher levels of BCEs offset the effects of ACEs on prenatal stress and psychopathology. The BCEs scale indexes promising promotive factors associated with lower trauma-related symptomatology and stress exposure during pregnancy and illuminates how favorable childhood experiences may counteract long-term effects of childhood adversity. 相似文献
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More often than not,people are inclined to think they have known a certain person enough by his or her everyday appearance,manners,speech and behaviors and therefore tend to draw their conclusions on what this person is like in nature.Nonetheless,this could be misguiding and a misconception if we don’t see how he or she reacts at the turning point of matters that concern not just him or her,but also others.Time reveals a person’s heart,so does the adversity as illustrated in the short story--Mr.Know All which tries to convey a key message to its readers:don’t make your judgment about a book by its cover until you have read it through. 相似文献
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王辉斌 《南阳师范学院学报》2012,11(10):66-71
最新的资料发现表明,大略堂本《西游释厄传》源出清初文学家查望之所藏（或所刻）,并为汪淇、黄星周等人所见所读,为百回本《西游记》的祖本。据陈元之《西游记序》所臆想的＂前世本＂,以及认为＂前世本＂的＂艺术手法与艺术特色相当鲜明＂等,因皆为自说自话所致,故其既不可取,亦不足法。 相似文献
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师范生作为未来师资的主要力量,担当着社会与国家所赋予的教书育人的伟大使命,只有高逆商的师范生才能更好完成这一历史使命。调查研究发现,当代师范生的逆商处于中等水平,控制力、影响力和持续力较好,但是起因和责任归属不理想;生源地对师范生的逆商有影响,民族、专业、性别、年级、年龄及独生子女对逆商影响不大。作为培养教师的主要场所,师范大学不仅有责任和义务全面了解师范生的逆商现状,而且要在深层次上反思师范教育。 相似文献
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冰上课教学是一个能将体质、意志和精神融为一体的教育过程,是素质教育的重要组成部分。在冰上课教学中,既要传授体育的知识、技术和技能,而且要利用冰上课本身的特点对学生进行心理健康教育,消除学生的心理障碍,培养和提高学生承受挫折的能力,从而促进学生身心的全面发展,使学生在各种环境中能保持一种良好的适应状态,并能充分发挥自己的潜能。对冰上课教学中学生受挫的逆境状况进行分析,有针对性地阐明解决问题的方法,提出提高大学生逆商的有效途径。 相似文献
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体育运动对提高大学生逆境商数(AQ)的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
随着科学技术的高速发展和人才的激烈竞争，高校除了对大学生的智商进行培养外，对他们进行逆境商的培养显得更为迫切。参与体育运动对他们的逆境商培养具有很好作用，能提高大学生面对逆境时的应变能力，使他们面对逆境时能采取积极方式。让学生在走向社会时，更快地适应现代社会的竞争。因此，在体育教学中对提高学生逆境商的探讨具有积极意义。 相似文献