排序方式： 共有146条查询结果，搜索用时 656 毫秒
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孙永明 《上海海事大学学报》1999,(4)
大气臭氧层的空洞已成为全球环境保护的焦点。中国的远洋运输船队是世界最大的船队之一。由于船用制冷空调系统在海运业的广泛使用,CFCs和HCFCs的使用使全球环境愈加恶化。从环保角度出发,本文介绍了国际上最新的CFCs和HCFCs的禁用日程及动向,比较了几种相对成熟的替代物,并从船舶制冷空调系统的操作和维护角度就如何避免环境污染提出了一些方法 相似文献
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This study estimates the value of the private and public benefits that accrue to Minnesota residents from state government subsidies to higher education. In 2005, the University of Minnesota and the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities system received $832 million from Minnesota's state government to support educational programs. These subsidies allow these institutions to offer lower tuition rates, increasing the number of Minnesotans with bachelor and graduate degrees. We calculate that removing these subsidies would eventually lead to 14,000 fewer graduate degree holders in Minnesota, and reduce those with bachelor's degrees or “some college” by 42,000. The annual economic cost of these subsidies is about $326 million; this is less than annual state appropriations because most of those appropriations are income transfers from taxpayers to students, not an economic cost. We estimate that the annual value of the benefits of these subsidies is between $531 and $786 million ($381 and $570 million) when a 3% (5%) discount rate is used. We also discuss some of the income distribution consequences. 相似文献
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Mariela Buonomo Zabaleta 《Economics of Education Review》2011,30(6):1527-1539
Child labor is considered a key obstacle to reaching the international commitments of Education For All. However, the empirical evidence on the effects of child labor on educational attainments is mostly limited to static measurements. This paper assesses the consequences of child labor on schooling outcomes over time by employing a three-year longitudinal household data set from Nicaragua. The potential endogeneity of past child labor and school outcomes is addressed through instrumental variables. The time a child dedicates to work is found to have harmful consequences on subsequent educational achievements, even after controlling for previous human capital accumulation and other factors. In particular, working over three hours a day is associated with school failure in the medium term. A distinction by type of work shows that time spent in market production has larger negative effects on school outcomes than time spent performing household chores. 相似文献
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This study examines the impact that collective bargaining has on multiple dimensions of teacher compensation, including average and starting salaries, early and late returns to experience, returns to graduate degrees, and the incidence of different pay for performance schemes. Using data from the School and Staffing Survey (SASS) and a more recent data set, the Teacher Rules, Roles and Rights (TR3), we find that collective bargaining has a significant impact on all aspects of current, qualification-specific salary schedules. Further, we find some evidence that bargaining impacts the design of performance pay plans. Specifically, unions tend to encourage teacher bonuses that are based on additional qualifications or duties, but discourage bonuses that directly reward improved student test scores. 相似文献
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Arnaud Chevalier 《Economics of Education Review》2011,30(6):1187-1201
Using a survey of a cohort of UK graduates, linked to administrative data on higher education participation, this paper investigates the labour market attainment of recent graduates by subject of study. We document a large heterogeneity in the mean wages of graduates from different subjects and a considerably larger one within subject with individuals with the most favourable unobserved characteristics obtaining wages almost twice as large as those with the worst. Moreover, gender differences in wages within subjects are also large. We then simulate a graduate tax to calculate a willingness to pay – in form of tuition fees – to capture these subject wage premia. 相似文献
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曹丹丹 《湖北第二师范学院学报》2014,(12):5-7
死亡是海勒作品永恒不变的主题.海勒对死亡的关注与他在战争中所受的创伤,童年时父亲去世的阴影,年老后衰老和疾病的困扰密不可分.然而,海勒没有屈从于死亡的恐惧,而是运用黑色幽默的手法当面嘲笑死亡,从而最终战胜死亡. 相似文献
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第14届世锦赛及第22届亚锦赛中国男篮篮板球技战术分析 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
对第14届世界男篮锦标赛7场比赛及第22届男篮亚锦赛8场比赛的录像作了统计.发现我队亚锦赛的各项指标有所提升,但仍存在冲抢人数少、遇堵时抢位能力差、挑拨抢球能力弱、堵位意识差、缺乏堵位技术与力量训练、外围队员篮板球训练不足、全队防守战术落后等问题.为此提出更新篮球理念、尽快使我国篮球汇入国际潮流、借鉴国外抢篮板球训练的方法和手段、增设统计指标、采用激活抢篮板球欲望的措施等建议. 相似文献
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约瑟夫·海勒的《第二十二条军规》是黑色幽默文学的典范之作,小说打破了传统的艺术表现形式,运用变形、夸张和滑稽讽喻的手法以及碎片化、集锦化的叙事结构揭示荒谬的时代和丑恶的社会本质,充分体现了黑色幽默的艺术表现特征。 相似文献