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1.
二战期间,德奥制定的排犹政策迫使大批犹太人再次开始了大规模的逃亡生活,而中国大陆由于远离欧洲战火,自然成了当时犹太人逃避灾难的最佳地方,因此大批的犹太人或自发或有组织地来到中国避难。犹太人在华期间,中外各界人士对其进行了大量援助,使犹太人最终回到了他们的祖国———以色列。 相似文献
2.
Geoffrey Short 《British Journal of Religious Education》2005,27(3):253-264
Contrasting explanations of Jewish survival form the backdrop to this article. For Jonathan Sacks (1994) the crucial factor has been the role played by Jewish education; indeed, he claims that the demographic threat currently facing Anglo‐Jewry is largely the result of the community having neglected the Jewish education of its children over the past 200 years. He advocates reinstating this communal responsibility as the sovereign Jewish value in order to deal with the threat. In my view, the influence that Sacks attributes to education and particularly to Jewish schools is overstated. It stems from a misreading of modern Anglo‐Jewish history and from a failure to take fully into account the ways in which Jewish schools impact on their pupils’ ethnic and religious identity. These considerations apart, I contend that prioritising education will not necessarily strengthen the commitment to Jewish continuity that is the sine qua non of survival. 相似文献
3.
Martin Borýsek 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2014,26(3):241-266
Takkanot Kandiyah is a collection of Hebrew-written legislative texts regarding the leadership of the Jewish community of Candia, the capital of the Venetian colony of Crete, which were issued by successive generations of communal leaders between the early thirteenth and late sixteenth centuries. The detailed information it provides on many areas of the communal life makes Takkanot Kandiyah a valuable source for historical research into Jewish life in the medieval and Early Modern Mediterranean. Through a study of the texts contained in Takkanot Kandiyah, this article attempts to identify and analyse the ways in which the leadership of the Candiot community responded to the challenges of coexistence with the Greek inhabitants of Crete and the Venetian rulers of the island, as well as with the Jewish immigrants whom the currents of history brought to Crete from various corners of the Mediterranean, and thus to examine the importance of the “Mediterranean dimension” of the life of Cretan Jewry. 相似文献
4.
莫玉梅 《潍坊教育学院学报》2014,(2):76-80
剪钱指控是中世纪英国犹太人面临的一项重要指控。与诽谤性质的血祭谋杀指控和宿主亵渎指控不同,剪钱指控基于一定的事实依据,但在反犹主义高涨的情况下又不乏夸大之处。它对中世纪英国犹太社团产生了极大影响,不仅直接造成了犹太社团在财力和人力上的损失,而且丑化了犹太人在基督徒眼中的形象,恶化了犹太人与基督徒之间的关系,甚至影响了英国王室的犹太政策。 相似文献
5.
犹太民族是一个历经苦难、长期散居世界各地的弱小民族,是共同的宗教信仰和民族互助精神将他们连在一起。历史上,犹太人的祖先曾在巴勒斯坦建国,定都耶路撒冷。近现代犹太复国主义运动组织和动员犹太人移居巴勒斯坦,1948年以色列国诞生。 相似文献
6.
王申红 《阜阳师范学院学报(社会科学版)》2005,(2):110-113
近5年来,我国犹太教研究无论在广度上还是在深度上都有了很大提高,有关中国犹太教和犹太人、犹太教基本理论和典籍、犹太人婚姻制度、纳粹屠犹、犹太现代化等方面的研究都取得了很大的成绩。我国犹太教研究也存在一些不足,主要表现在:对犹太教教法和教派的研究稍欠深入:个案研究相对薄弱;研究方法稍嫌单一。 相似文献
7.
Harold Maurice Abrahams (1899–1978) – the British-Jewish athlete made famous by the film Chariots of Fire – won gold for Britain in the 100 m sprint in the 1924 Paris Olympics. Far from being the ‘outsider’ depicted in Chariots of Fire, however, Abrahams’ ‘Anglicisation’ was extensive and played an important role in his life before, during and after his athletics career. Abrahams’ integration went hand-in-hand with his sporting success – something which was celebrated by British Jewry. Such was his assimilation, that by 1936 – a year when Abrahams courted controversy over his stance on the Berlin Olympics – he was criticised for having ‘lost’ all attachment to the community of his birth. In contrast to the film, where Abrahams is seen to be ‘too Semitic’, the Bedford athlete was actually ‘thoroughly Anglicised’. A desire to move into or support middle-to-upper class British society characterised Abrahams’ personal and sporting life much more so than his Jewishness. As time progressed, Abrahams’ Jewish origins meant less and less, both to Harold himself and to those around him. 相似文献
8.
David K. Wiggins 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):278-292
Abstract Eighty-seven female masters swimmers ranging in age from 20 to 69 were selected for a detailed study of their body composition and physiological responses at rest and during exercise. These women were then placed into two subsets, a highly trained group and a not highly trained group, on the basis of the frequency, duration, and intensity of swimming workouts. Significant differences were detected when comparing the highly trained and not highly trained subjects on measures of weight, body density, percent fat and lean body weight (p<.05). Significant differences which favored the highly trained group were also seen when comparing these same two groups for [Vdot]E max, [Vdot]O2 max (1/min), [Vdot]O2 max (ml·kg–1·min–1), [Vdot]O2 max (ml·kg·LBW–1·min–1), O2 pulse (ml·kg–1·beat–1), and O2 pulse (ml·kg·LBW–1). Both the highly trained and not highly trained swimmers were considerably lower in percent fat than previously reported data for normal untrained women of similar ages. In both groups, however, percent fat across age levels within each training group showed significant increases at approximately 40 years of age (p<.05). In the highly trained swimmers, [Vdot]O2 max (ml·kg–1·min–1) decreased at a mean rate of about 7% per decade, while in the not highly trained swimmers the decline was approximately 8% per decade. It appears that the rate of decline in [Vdot]O2 max in women with aging may be independent of training status. 相似文献
9.
宋元之际,一批流散的犹太人开始在中国开封定居下来。明中后期开封犹太社团繁荣发展的背后,却出现了由盛转衰种种被同化的现象,其被同化的根本原因在于其经卷的缺失和教堂的一次次的破坏造成的宗教观念的弱化和宗教活动的减少。 相似文献
10.
马丹静 《首都师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2012,(2):32-39
比罗比詹计划是20世纪20年代苏联政府提出的在远东地区建立犹太民族家园的计划,目的是转移犹太人对巴勒斯坦的热情,解决苏联国内犹太问题并加强苏联在远东的现实存在。但是,尽管有政府的积极支持和国外犹太组织的帮助,这一计划的实施效果并不理想,未能实现预期目的。恶劣的生存条件、敏感的地理位置使比罗比詹很难吸引并留住犹太移民,政府准备不足和政策多变也使该计划屡屡受挫。本文研究比罗比詹计划的由来、实施情况及失败原因,在此基础上对该计划做一客观评价。 相似文献