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1.
Jennifer LoCasale-Crouch Andrew J. MashburnJason T. Downer Robert C. Pianta 《Early childhood research quarterly》2008
This study describes pre-kindergarten teachers’ use of kindergarten transition practices and examined the extent to which these practices were associated with kindergarten teachers’ judgments of children's social, self-regulatory, and academic skills upon their entry into kindergarten. Participants were 722 children from 214 pre-kindergarten classrooms participating in the National Center for Early Development and Learning's (NCEDL) Multi-State Pre-kindergarten Study. Of nine transition practices intended to promote children's adaptation to kindergarten, pre-kindergarten teachers reported implementing, on average, six transition practices, with notable variation across pre-kindergarten classrooms. Children were judged by their kindergarten teachers to have more positive social competencies and fewer problem behaviors when they attended pre-kindergarten classrooms in which more transition activities were implemented and, specifically, in which teachers discussed curricula or specific children with kindergarten teachers. In addition, positive associations between kindergarten teachers’ perceptions of children's social competence and pre-kindergarten transition activities (total number of activities and activities that children experience directly) were stronger for children who experienced social and economic risks. Implications of these findings related to alignment across the pre-kindergarten to kindergarten settings to improve children's school readiness are discussed. 相似文献
2.
This study examined classroom-level contributors to an acceptance of diversity in publicly supported pre-kindergarten classrooms across 11 states. Classroom composition, process quality, and teacher characteristics were examined as predictors of diversity-promoting practices as measured by the ECERS-R, acceptance of diversity construct. Findings reveal that emotional climate, bilingual classrooms, family poverty levels within classrooms, and Latino teacher ethnicity are predictive of diversity-promoting classrooms; while classroom-level ethnic sameness to teacher prohibits diversity-promoting practices in pre-kindergarten classrooms. 相似文献
3.
How do pre-kindergarteners spend their time? Gender,ethnicity, and income as predictors of experiences in pre-kindergarten classrooms 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Diane M. Early Iheoma U. Iruka Sharon Ritchie Oscar A. Barbarin Donna-Marie C. Winn Gisele M. Crawford Pamela M. Frome Richard M. Clifford Margaret Burchinal Carollee Howes Donna M. Bryant Robert C. Pianta 《Early childhood research quarterly》2010
The current paper considers how children spend their time in state-funded pre-kindergarten programs and how time use relates to ethnicity, gender, and family income, based on the assumption that how time is spent in pre-kindergarten is relevant for the programs’ success in narrowing achievement gaps. Classroom observations of 2061 children in 652 pre-k programs in 11 states were analyzed. Findings indicated that the pre-kindergarten day was roughly equally divided among free choice, teacher-assigned activities, and meals/routines. Children spent much of their time in language/literacy, social studies, and art, and less time in math and gross motor activities. Much of the pre-k day was spent in ‘no coded learning activity.’ Children in classes with lower proportions of Latino and African American children and higher average income-to-need ratios were generally engaged in richer and more stimulating experiences. The child-level variables of ethnicity and income were generally unrelated to how children spent their time, above and beyond the effects of classroom-level ethnicity and income. There were generally small, but significant gender differences – always in the gender-stereotyped direction – in how time was spent, especially during free choice time. 相似文献
4.
In this article, the authors share a framework for preparing for and implementing inclusive Pre-kindergarten classrooms based
on their experiences working with an interdisciplinary study group comprised of two Pre-K teachers, one early childhood special
education teacher, and two university professors, one traditional early childhood and one specializing in early childhood
special education. The study group was organized to explore and then document the benefits and challenges of providing inclusive
early education to young children with and without disabilities in a public school Pre-K setting. Five key issues are addressed,
collaboration and role definition, program decisions, instruction, child outcomes, and necessary resources. 相似文献
5.
Research has found disparities in young children's development across income groups. A positive association between high-quality early care and education and the school readiness of children in low-income families has also been demonstrated. This study uses linked administrative data from Maryland to examine the variations in school readiness associated with different types of subsidized child care, and with dual enrollment in subsidized child care and state pre-kindergarten or Head Start. Using multivariate methods, we analyze linked subsidy administrative data and portfolio-based kindergarten school readiness assessment data to estimate the probability of children's school readiness in three domains: personal and social development, language and literacy, and mathematical thinking. Compared to children in subsidized family child care or informal care, those in subsidized center care are more likely to be rated as fully ready to learn on the two pre-academic domains. Regardless of type of subsidized care used, enrollment in pre-kindergarten, but not Head Start, during the year prior to kindergarten is strongly associated with being academically ready for kindergarten. No statistically significant associations are found between type of subsidized care, pre-kindergarten enrollment, or Head Start and assessments of children's personal/social development. 相似文献
6.
Margaret Burchinal Nathan Vandergrift Robert Pianta Andrew Mashburn 《Early childhood research quarterly》2010
Over the past five decades, the federal government and most states have invested heavily in providing publicly-funded child care and early education opportunities for 3- and 4-year-old children from low-income families. Policy makers and parents want to identify the level or threshold in quality of teacher–child interaction and intentional instruction related to better child outcomes to most efficiently use child care to improve school readiness. Academic and social outcomes for children from low-income families were predicted from measures of teacher–child interactions and instructional quality in a spline regression analysis of data from an 11-state pre-kindergarten evaluation. Findings suggested that the quality of teacher–child interactions was a stronger predictor of higher social competence and lower levels of behavior problems in higher than in lower quality classrooms. Further, findings suggested that quality of instruction was related to language, read and math skills more strongly in higher quality than in lower quality classrooms. These findings suggest that high-quality classrooms may be necessary to improve social and academic outcomes in pre-kindergarten programs for low-income children. 相似文献
7.
8.
The evaluation of teaching quality in mathematics has become increasingly important following research reports indicating
that preschoolers are developmentally able to engage in mathematic thought and that child performance in mathematics at this
level is a strong predictor of later school achievement. As attention turns to early mathematics education, so too does the
focus on teaching quality. This paper reviews nine instruments designed to measure mathematics teaching quality—their theoretical
bases, foci, and psychometrics—and examines their appropriateness for administration in early childhood settings. Three of
the nine measures are identified as having highly desirable characteristics, with one of them specifically designed for early
childhood administration. The measures, our review process, and our recommendations for practice are presented. As school
divisions and teacher educators examine teaching quality, they will be better able to support their teachers’ practice, and
better able to reap the benefits in improved child outcomes. 相似文献
9.
Michael Andrew Assel Susan H. Landry Paul R. Swank Susan Gunnewig 《Reading and writing》2007,20(5):463-494
An alarming number of American pre-school children lack sufficient language and literacy skills to succeed in kindergarten.
The type of curriculum that is available within pre-kindergarten settings can impact children's academic readiness. This work
presents results from an evaluation of two language and literacy curricula (i.e., Let's Begin with the Letter People and Doors
to Discovery) from a random assignment study that occurred within three settings (i.e., Head Start, Title 1, and universal
pre-kindergarten) and included a control group. The design included a mentoring and non- mentoring condition that was balanced
across sites in either curriculum condition. A pre and post-test design was utilized in the analyses, with children (n = 603) tested before the intervention and at the end of the year. Multilevel growth curve modeling, where the child outcomes
(dependent measures) are modeled as a function of the child's level of performance and rate of growth between pre and post-testing,
was used for all analyses. Results indicated that in many key language/literacy areas, the skills of children in classrooms
using either one of the target curricula grew at greater rates than children in control classrooms. This was especially true
in the Head Start programs. The findings from this study indicate that at-risk children can benefit from a well-specified
curriculum. Additionally, findings demonstrate that a well-detailed curriculum appeared to be less important for children
from higher income families. The impact of mentoring was less clear and seemed dependent on the type of skill being measured
and type of program. 相似文献
10.
Recent studies do not find consistent relationships between teacher degree, major, and certification, and PK outcomes (Early, D. M., Bryant, D. M., Pianta, R. C., Clifford, R. M., Burchinal, M. R., Ritchie, S., et al. (2006). Are teachers’ education, major, and credentials related to classroom quality and children's academic gains in pre-kindergarten? Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 21, 174–195; Early, D. M., Maxwell, K. L., Burchinal, M., Bender, R. H., Ebanks, C., Henry, G. T., et al. (2007). Teachers’ education, classroom quality, and young children's academic skills: Results from seven studies of preschool programs. Child Development, 78, 558–580), raising questions about the impact of the degrees and certifications of PK teachers on children's learning. The researchers note that these findings do not support the conclusion that teacher education does not matter for children's learning. However, they do not provide specific directions for policymakers who decide on the minimum requirements for teacher qualifications in PK programs. This commentary raises issues for researchers and policymakers about whether PK is part of a K-12 educational continuum, how teachers are prepared to teach, how research is designed to inform policy, and the importance of developmental science in policy-relevant education research. As part of a future PK-16 education system, we propose that the BA be the entry requirement for PK as it is for K-12 teachers, followed by professional education combined with extensive classroom experiences. 相似文献