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1.
Heinke Roebken 《Higher Education》2007,54(1):99-113
By using recruitment data from 60 German departments of business administration, networks are constructed in which the nodes
are departments, and two departments are connected if they have either sent or received a scientist from one another. Different
concepts of social network analysis are applied to answer a series of questions, such as the number of scientists the business
departments produce, to whom they send and from whom they receive their scientists, and which role academic networks play
in the career of young scientists in business administration. Regression analysis revealed that network centrality is a robust
predictor of departmental reputation. The social network approach can be used to assess reputational differences among business
departments, thereby providing an alternative to existing opinion surveys and research rankings.
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| Heinke RoebkenEmail: |
2.
《泰晤士报高等教育》发布的世界大学排行榜2010-2011,是一个新的世界一流大学评价体系。其排名理念和方法,提供了一个有关世界一流大学质量标准的重要参考,无疑具有作为国际化外部基准的价值;作为政策工具,它为我国世界一流大学建设提供了政策分析与决策依据,同时激发了大学在组织和行为方面的创新。 相似文献
3.
We develop and propose a new counting method at the aggregate level for contributions to scientific publications called modified fractional counting (MFC). We show that, compared to traditional complete-normalized fractional counting, it eliminates the extreme differences in contributions over time that otherwise occur between scientists that mainly publish alone or in small groups and those that publish with large groups of co-authors. As an extra benefit we find that scientists in different areas of research turn out to have comparable average contributions to scientific articles. We test the method on scientists at Norway’s largest universities and find that, at an aggregate level, it indeed supports comparability across different co-authorship practices as well as between areas of research. MFC is thereby useful whenever the research output from institutions with different research profiles are compared, as e.g., in the Leiden Ranking. Finally, as MFC is actually a family of indicators, depending on a sensitivity parameter, it can be adapted to the circumstances. 相似文献
4.
For nearly two decades now, the rankings literature has continued to suggest that governments are adopting performance-based funding models which prioritize criteria favored by global rankings. This study examines this assertion by analyzing the performance-based funding programs of Austria, Denmark, Finland, and Sweden. The study finds that the orientation of performance-based funding on global rankings is weaker than it is commonly assumed. Except for Finland, the funding volume universities raise from this orientation is not substantial to influence the institutional performance. The study also analyzes the recent structural changes to performance-based funding in each jurisdiction. Policy implications are provided in the conclusion for higher education systems revising their performance-based funding or considering a shift to performance-based accountability. 相似文献
5.
本文考察了世界强国德国的大学排名表现.论文引用率和其他一些衡量指标数据显示,德国大学未能获得良好的国际认可.本文还分析了德国对此种情况的反应,包括其世界一流大学发展战略.这一战略是集中投入大量资金,试图使一小部分大学在研究和知识创造上取得更好的成绩和更大的国际影响.这种策略来自于对美国和英国一流大学策略的借鉴.但是我们还需意识到,拥有一些顶尖大学和拥有一个优秀的大学体系是两回事.当今所有国家都需要更多拥有更多具有技术能力与创新精神的专业人员,以此发展经济和提供公共服务.如果将优先目标设为与哈佛大学竞争,而不是建设一个庞大且有效的高等教育体系,这将是一个错误的判断.卓越品质,即使是世界一流水平的卓越,也只是有效的教育体系的一个方面. 相似文献
6.
Anastassios Pouris 《Higher Education》2007,54(4):501-509
This article reports the results of an investigation to identify the disciplinary strengths and the international standing
of the higher education institutions in South Africa. Even though comparative assessments provide valuable information for
research administrations, researchers and students such information is not available in South Africa currently. The Essential
Science Indicators database of the Institute for Scientific Information is utilized for the investigation and six South African
universities are identified to be included in the top 1% of the world’s institutions cited in the international scientific
literature. The identified institutions are University of Cape Town, University of Pretoria, Orange Free State University,
University of Witwatersrand, University of Natal and University of Stellenbosch. Analysis of the scientific disciplines in
which the South African institutions meet the threshold requirements for inclusion in the database shows that the country
has citation footprints in only nine of the 22 broad scientific disciplines. The article identifies the international standing
of the South African universities in the various scientific disciplines, and elaborates on the consequences relevant to higher
education and science and technology policy. 相似文献
7.
以四轮学科评估涉及教育学科的具体数据为依托, 通过定性研究与定量研究相结合的方法,对我国教育学科近15 年的发展情况与实力进行剖析。分析显示：我国师范类高校教育学实力明显高于其他类型高校;教育学评估均分持续增长,学科实力逐步上升;世界排名靠后,距离世界一流教育学科仍有较大差距。未来我国在教育学科建设上仍应该坚持发展中国特色,打造具有中国特色的世界一流教育学科;加强国际交流与合作,提升教育学科的整体实力与国际地位。 相似文献
8.
Ulrich Teichler 《Higher Education》2008,56(3):349-379
Debates and policies in Europe as regards the diversity of higher education institutions and programmes have changed substantially
over the years. When expansion of the rate of new entry students was expected to grow beyond 10%, diversification between
types of higher education institutions became the most popular option, whereas no consensus emerged as far as the extent of
diversity and the most desirable classifications are concerned. In the 1980s, attention shifted gradually towards “vertical”
differences among institutions of formally the same type. Since the 1990s, more extreme modes of vertical diversity were more
frequently advocated as options to embark into world-wide competition for “world-class university”. The concurrent popular
debates are criticized as blaming moderate vertical inter-institutional diversity, emphasis on intra-institutional diversity,
efforts to put prime emphasis on a variety of profiles of any model other than extreme vertical diversity as counteracting
“quality”, although evidence for the superiority of the model praised is feeble. 相似文献
9.
随着世界各国大学评价机构的兴起,大学排行榜在全球范围内逐渐成为评价高校声誉的重要依据。本文分析了基于当前大学排行榜的高校评价体系存在的问题,以期完善我国高校评价体系。 相似文献
10.
The behavior of academics and academic institutions is examined through the concept of rent seeking, in which organizations or individuals expend resources to obtain ‘artificially contrived transfers’. International ranking systems, publication-based incentives, and grant awarding processes, all encourage and reward rent seeking behavior: participants engage in distorted, costly behavior to obtain rewards, including public funds, without regard to the social value of these activities. This may be especially damaging in developing countries. Detailed examples from South Africa's higher education system illustrate such behavior and its relation to policy. The paper concludes by sketching an outline of some possible solutions. 相似文献