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对文学作品的分析必须立足于文本。脱离文本、大而化之的放言高论,不是流于空谈,就会陷于谬见。《中国现代文学史》(湖南师大出版社1999年版)有关《边城》"文化悲剧"论,便属此类典型个案。 相似文献
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李田心 《衡阳师范学院学报》2011,32(1):126-130
奈达翻译定义的中文译文有严重的错误。奈达不主张"等值"、"等效"翻译。"等值"、"等效"、"对等"、"对等语"、"动态对等"、"功能对等"等术语是错误的术语,它们错误很多,错误之一是用一个"等"字曲解了奈达翻译理论的本质,将奈达翻译理论曲解成求等的翻译理论,然而奈达翻译理论的本质是求似不求等。弗斯指出,翻译理论中所用的"equivalent/equivalence"理论是现代西方翻译理论的中心议题之一,理论从产生至今备受关注。"equivalent/equivalence"一词最早出现于16世纪,一方面作为数学和形式逻辑里的专业术语,表示一种绝对对称和平等的关系;另一方面又被当作一般语言词汇中的模糊词语,表示"具有相似性"或"基本相同",翻译理论中所用的"equivalent/equivalence"是使用它作为普通词汇时的模糊意义,即相似或贴近。 相似文献
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Adolescents exposed to maltreatment have an elevated risk of deliberate self-harm (DSH). The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinally the effects of the number, timing, and type of maltreatment allegations on adolescent risk of having a DSH-related hospital admission, using linked data in Western Australia. A total of 351,372 children born between 1986 and 2000 were followed from birth up to the year 2010. Cox regression models were utilized, while controlling for a range of psychosocial covariates. Compared to children without allegations of maltreatment, children with unsubstantiated allegations only (aHR = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.00–1.08, p < .01) and children with a substantiated allegation (aHR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.06–1.15, p < .001) all had significantly increased risk of DSH in adolescence. Among children with a substantiated allegation of maltreatment, the greater the number of allegations, the longer the exposure to maltreatment, and the more types of maltreatment experienced by a child, the higher the child's risk of DSH. However, this dose–response pattern was not found among children with unsubstantiated allegations only. This study calls for the early identification of children who are vulnerable to maltreatment, the better identification of the duration and severity of maltreatment experiences, and the provision of continued care and support, to reduce the child's DSH risk in adolescence. 相似文献
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耿铁华 《通化师范学院学报》2010,31(7):1-3
《中国大百科全书》是中国第一部大型综合性百科全书,也是世界上规模较大的几部百科全书之一。2009年出版的第二版共32卷。其中第7卷关于高句丽的条目中存在着明显的错误,有资料与常识性的错误,也有将存在争议没有取得共识的某些意见误当成定论的问题。同时也遗漏了申报世界遗产以来所公布的考古新成果。 相似文献
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通过分析于丹在《（庄子）心得》一书中的心语及“郢书燕说”式的错误,认为该书在本质上并没有真正解读出《庄子》的要义,其实质只是一部用经典作为点缀的畅销书,书中所论只不过是于丹个人在现代生活中总结出来的人生心得。至于于丹的个人心得之所以能够引发巨大的社会反响,则主要是当下中国社会的“国学热”与大众传媒及商业运作方式相互联姻所致。 相似文献
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In November 2005, the International Olympic Committee's Medical Commission issued a statement on Training the elite child athlete recommending that “more scientific research be done to better identify the parameters of training the elite child athlete”. This paper focuses on a specific issue related to training the child athlete: early specialization. While associations between early specialization and expertise development are highlighted, much research also suggests early specialization is associated with a range of negative consequences affecting physical, psychological, and social development. Alternately, some researchers have proposed that an early diversification approach does not disadvantage athletes in acquiring expertise, and is important for the development of intrinsic motivation and skill transferability. However, this review suggests that inadequate evidence exists to resolve the issue in favor of either approach. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(8):1120-1129
AbstractThe study empirically tested the postulate of the Developmental Model of Sport Participation (DMSP; Côté, J., Baker, J., & Abernethy, B. (2007). Practice and play in the development of sport expertise. In R. Eklund & G. Tenenbaum (Eds.), Handbook of sport psychology (pp. 184–202). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley) that diversified childhood self-led sport play will beneficially affect future, adolescent intrinsic motivation. Participants were 178 elite youth athletes (age 15.3?±?1.5 years) from several game and non-game sports; 117 were members of the federal state or national junior squad in their respective sport. A questionnaire measured current (adolescent) intrinsic and extrinsic motivation of the youth athletes using the Sport Motivation Scale (Pelletier, L. G., Fortier, M. S., Vallerand, R. J., Tuson, K. M., Brière, N. M., & Blais, M. R. (1995). Towards a new measure of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation in sports: The sport motivation scale (SMS). Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 17, 35–53) and their earlier volume of childhood engagement (through 12 years) in coach-led practice and self-led play in their respective main sport and other sports. Analyses revealed that adolescent intrinsic motivation was not significantly correlated with earlier childhood self-led sport activities, self-led play in particular, or childhood sports diversification. Furthermore, considering all different types of childhood sport activities together in multiple regression analyses, they did not provide meaningful explanatory power regarding adolescent intrinsic or extrinsic motivation. In summary, the results did not provide support for the postulate of the DMSP among elite youth athletes. The findings suggest that future research may seek to enable more robust empirical substantiation of the DMSP postulate. 相似文献
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Stuart Galloway 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(11):1125-1126
Abstract In association football, two similar but arguably different refereeing roles are required, those of the referee and assistant referee. Role specificity was investigated with a foul play assessment task and an offside decision-making task. Deliberate practice was investigated to account for role-specific differences. First, role specificity was clearly observed. Second, years of officiating, hours of practice per week, and number of matches officiated were each positively correlated with skill. The results support role specificity in association football refereeing. Further research should help to create role-specific perception and decision-making training programmes both for referees and assistant referees. 相似文献
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陈龙海 《华中师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2003,42(5):133-138
黑格尔在《美学》中论及象征型艺术时，以东方艺术作为观照对象，但他对东方艺术存在着明显的误读。本文从三个方面对此进行了论述：一、黑格尔观点的片面性；二、黑格尔对东方怪诞艺术的拒斥；三、黑格尔对东方艺术的泛神主义的曲解。本文同时还考察了他产生误读的主客观方面的原因。 相似文献