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1.
张广现 《河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2006,33(3):97-100
本文首先给出了通货膨胀目标制度的定义和核心特征,然后通过和理论上的“最优货币政策制度”、货币政策历史经验、美国货币政策制度的对比,从多方面考察了这种制度的优势和可能存在的不足。这种比较分析能增进我们对通货膨胀目标制度的认识,以更好地为我国货币政策制度建设和政策操作提供借鉴。 相似文献
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Chai-Hong Yeong Mu-hua Cheng Kwan-Hoong Ng 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,15(10):845-863
The potential use of radionuclides in therapy has been recognized for many decades. A number of radionuclides, such as iodine-131 (131I), phosphorous-32 (32P), strontium-90 (90Sr), and yttrium-90 (90Y), have been used successfully for the treatment of many benign and malignant disorders. Recently, the rapid growth of this branch of nuclear medicine has been stimulated by the introduction of a number of new radionuclides and radiopharmaceuticals for the treatment of metastatic bone pain and neuroendocrine and other malignant or non-malignant tumours. Today, the field of radionuclide therapy is enjoying an exciting phase and is poised for greater growth and development in the coming years. For example, in Asia, the high prevalence of thyroid and liver diseases has prompted many novel developments and clinical trials using targeted radionuclide therapy. This paper reviews the characteristics and clinical applications of the commonly available therapeutic radionuclides, as well as the problems and issues involved in translating novel radionuclides into clinical therapies. 相似文献
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恶性肿瘤（癌症）是尚未被攻克的重大疾病之一,主要原因之一是临床上抗肿瘤药物效用不大．具有抗肿瘤活性的阳离子肽（CAP）主要结合肿瘤细胞膜并破坏膜结构,这是通过肽的正电荷与肿瘤细胞膜的负电荷之静电吸引来实现的．与传统化疗药物相比,绕过肿瘤细胞的耐药机制是CAP最突出的优势．本文对抗肿瘤肽的主要结构特征、抗肿瘤效果和抗肿瘤机制（以鲎素为例）进行了综述．作者认为,寻找靶向肿瘤干细胞的CAP对于治愈肿瘤具有特别重要的意义．另外,通过化学改构和新剂型研制,CAP将具有高靶向性和低毒性,给抗肿瘤药物开发提供新的动力． 相似文献
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The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-associated protein 9 (Cas9) genome editing system is a powerful tool for targeted gene modifications in a wide range of species, including plants. Over the last few years, this system has revolutionized the way scientists perform genetic studies and crop breeding, due to its simplicity, flexibility, consistency and high efficiency. Considerable progress has been made in optimizing CRISPR/Cas9 systems in plants, particularly for targeted gene mutagenesis. However, there are still a number of important challenges ahead, including methods for the efficient delivery of CRISPR and other editing tools to most plants, and more effective strategies for sequence knock-ins and replacements. We provide our viewpoint on the goals, potential concerns and future challenges for the development and application of plant genome editing tools. 相似文献
5.
张碧原 《吕梁高等专科学校学报》2008,24(3)
近年来以教师为读者对象的教学类期刊订数普遍滑坡,而<小学教学设计>2008年的邮局订数却再次跃上新高,成为同类刊物的佼佼者.<小学教学设计>之所以取得这样的成绩,主要在于有明确的编辑思想,面对变化的期刊市场,面对动态中的小学教学改革,能始终瞄准定位,以变应变,变中出新,以新取胜. 相似文献
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Xuling Xue Chenggen Qian Qin Tao Yuanxin Dai Mengdi Lv Jingwen Dong Zhi Su Yong Qian Jing Zhao Hong-Ke Liu Zijian Guo 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(9)
Synthetic lethality was proposed nearly a century ago by geneticists and recently applied to develop precision anti-cancer therapies. To exploit the synthetic lethality concept in the design of chemical anti-cancer agents, we developed a bio-orthogonally catalyzed lethality (BCL) strategy to generate targeting anti-tumor metallodrugs both in vitro and in vivo. Metallodrug Ru-rhein was generated from two non-toxic species Ru-N3 and rhein-alkyne via exclusive endogenous copper-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction without the need of an external copper catalyst. The non-toxic species Ru-arene complex Ru-N3 and rhein-alkyne were designed to perform this strategy, and the mitochondrial targeting product Ru-rhein was generated in high yield (>83%) and showed high anti-tumor efficacy in vitro. This BCL strategy achieved a remarkable tumor suppression effect on the tumor-bearing mice models. It is interesting that the combination of metal-arene complexes with rhein via CuAAC reaction could transform two non-toxic species into a targeting anti-cancer metallodrug both in vitro and in vivo, while the product Ru-rhein was non-toxic towards normal cells. This is the first example that exclusive endogenous copper was used to generate metal-based anti-cancer drugs for cancer treatment. The anti-cancer mechanism of Ru-rhein was studied and autophagy was induced by increased reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage. The generality of this BCL strategy was also studied and it could be extended to other metal complexes such as Os-arene and Ir-arene complexes. Compared with the traditional methods for cancer treatment, this work presented a new approach to generating targeting metallodrugs in vivo via the BCL strategy from non-toxic species in metal-based chemotherapy. 相似文献
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拉美国家为有效实施通货膨胀目标制，进行了重大的中央银行改革，以此增强中央银行的独立性。拉美央行独立性的增强表现为从法律上明确中央银行的货币政策目标，加强中央银行在政治、经济和操作上的自主性，增强中央银行的透明度、责任度和可信度，以保持物价稳定为优先目标，最终促进经济稳定增长。研究他们的改革经验对我国中央银行的改革具有一定的借鉴和启示意义。 相似文献
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Sungyong Ahn 《传播与批判/文化研究》2018,15(3):213-231
Targeting, to aim a crosshair at an object, is the most basic skill for a gamer to survive from enemies, solve puzzles, and make a story unfolded in videogames. As the trigger for the game objects’ reciprocal operations, this simple action functions to individuate the objects kept in their abstract initial state into the concrete functional units participating in a topological network operational in a videogame to achieve the gamer’s goal. In today’s open-world games, these objects disclose their agencies through the auras perceivable when the player characters use certain magical skills and technological aids. In this genre, a gamer’s narrative and ludic experiences, all triggered by one’s performance to target at the objects on the human side of the interface, are translated, on the machinic side, into the topological transformations of the objects’ network. As an experiment for a nonhuman turn in videogame studies, this essay examines how this topological network behind an open-world mobilizes the ludic and narrative behaviors of gamers for its never-ending transformation. 相似文献
10.
Aina Tarabini 《Globalisation, Societies & Education》2008,6(4):415-429
Educational targeting has become one of the hegemonic mechanisms in the fight against poverty. Both international organisms and developing countries support targeting as one of the best strategies in order to simultaneously guarantee poverty reduction and economic growth, and consequently to tackle the challenges generated by globalisation. The main objective of the article is to point out some of the limits, omissions and opportunities of educational targeting as a priority strategy to fight against poverty. In doing so, it analyses the World Bank’s proposals in education, poverty and targeting and it presents one of the targeting pioneering programmes implemented in Latin America: the Bolsa Escola programme (BE). An analysis of the impacts of the programme is also included. This analysis is based on the results of an intensive qualitiative fieldwork containing more than 80 interviews with mothers and students who benefit from the programme as well as with teaching staff. The analysis demonstrates that although targeting could be a necessary and useful strategy, it is not sufficient either for ensuring school attainment or for reducing poverty. 相似文献