Key somatic variables associated with,and differences between the 4 swimming strokes     

Alan M. Nevill  Yassine Negra  Tony D. Myers  Senda Sammoud  Helmi Chaabene 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(7):787-794

ABSTRACT

This study identified key somatic and demographic characteristics that benefit all swimmers and, at the same time, identified further characteristics that benefit only specific swimming strokes. Three hundred sixty-three competitive-level swimmers (male [n = 202]; female [n = 161]) participated in the study. We adopted a multiplicative, allometric regression model to identify the key characteristics associated with 100 m swimming speeds (controlling for age). The model was refined using backward elimination. Characteristics that benefited some but not all strokes were identified by introducing stroke-by-predictor variable interactions. The regression analysis revealed 7 “common” characteristics that benefited all swimmers suggesting that all swimmers benefit from having less body fat, broad shoulders and hips, a greater arm span (but shorter lower arms) and greater forearm girths with smaller relaxed arm girths. The 4 stroke-specific characteristics reveal that backstroke swimmers benefit from longer backs, a finding that can be likened to boats with longer hulls also travel faster through the water. Other stroke-by-predictor variable interactions (taken together) identified that butterfly swimmers are characterized by greater muscularity in the lower legs. These results highlight the importance of considering somatic and demographic characteristics of young swimmers for talent identification purposes (i.e., to ensure that swimmers realize their most appropriate strokes).  相似文献   

n维低温强简并与完全简并理想费米气体的性质     

战丽波  王立志  柳盛典 《德州学院学报》2005,21(2):48-50

推导了能谱为ε=aps的n维理想气体的量子态密度,内能和压强的关系,并给出了n维完全简并、低温强简并理想费米气体的化学势、内能、简并压等热力学量的普遍表达式,通过分析比较得出T趋近于0时,低温强简并各热力学量过渡到完全简并的结论.  相似文献   

理解的维度之探讨     

何晔  盛群力 《开放教育研究》2006,12(3):28-34

促进学生的理解是教育的终极目标。UbD理论新近提出了“理解的六个维度”(即解释、释义、应用、洞察、移情和自知)。参照布卢姆认知目标新分类和马扎诺学习的维度观,我们采用领会意义、灵活应用和洞察自省三个维度,配以细化的指标,可以对UbD中的理解维度进行改造。  相似文献   

Separated and integrated perspectives on environmental,economic, and social dimensions – an investigation of student views on sustainable development     

Teresa Berglund  Niklas Gericke 《Environmental Education Research》2016,22(8):1115-1138

The sustainable development (SD) concept is based on the idea that economic and social development should be linked to the environment. However, controversies about various associated issues often arise due to the differences in protagonists’ viewpoints, depending partly on whether they focus mainly on environmental, economic, or social dimensions and partly on ideological stances related (for instance) to the optimal ways of promoting economic growth and social justice. This study investigates views of 638 Swedish upper secondary students who responded to a questionnaire probing their views of SD from two perspectives. In the first, the dimensions were separately introduced, so the respondents only had to consider one dimension at a time. In the second, the dimensions were introduced in an integrated fashion, so the respondents had to consider effects related to all three dimensions. The results strongly indicate that the students’ views and priorities concerning the dimensions depend on both the perspective and the context. Implications for teaching and learning are discussed.  相似文献   

近年来现代汉语介词研究综论     

李瑞 《沙洋师范高等专科学校学报》2005,6(6):57-59,67

本文对近年来介词研究中有代表性的成果，主要从对介词和介词短语的性质与功能的界定、对介词的虚化和动因的研究、运用三个平面的理论对介词的研究三个方面做了评述。最后指出应该在新的理论视角下继续加强介词研究。  相似文献   

学生管理工作的"知"与"行"     

孟贵祥 《邢台学院学报》2001,16(3):52-53

本文就学生管理工作的具体反差展开论述,提出了在学生管理工作中不仅要知道其重要性,更应该在实际工作中落实到行动中,做到"知"与"行"统一.  相似文献   

The differential effects of prior knowledge on learning: A study of two consecutive courses in earth sciences     

Ron Hoz  Dan Bowman  Ely Kozminsky 《Instructional Science》2001,29(3):187-211

We studied the occurrence and nature of learningin a university first year Introduction toGeomorphology course, and its relations with priorknowledge taught in a prerequisite course, and withthe prior knowledge in the to be learned subjects. Tendimensions of knowledge were tapped before and afterthe course by conventional and cognitive structuremeasures that were derived by the concept mappingmethodology. The fine-grain analysis of learningoutcomes yielded the following results: (a) studentsacquired only a small portion of the content in thecourse Introduction to Geomorphology, (b) the priorgeological and geomorphological knowledge did notaffect the learning of the new geomorphologicalcontents, (c) the minor effects appeared within ratherthan across knowledge dimensions, and they affectedmainly the learning of smaller knowledge units, and(d) concept definition cannot be considereda valid probe of knowledge. The differential effects of prior knowledge question thecentral, global and undifferentiated role that schematheories ascribe to prior knowledge in futurelearning. They call for greater reference to theexposed dimensions of knowledge by suggestingadditional factors to be considered in the sequencingof courses, as well as to the acquisition of complexknowledge with partial meaning of the basic knowledgeunits, and the use of new cognitive structure probesof knowledge.  相似文献   

基于EQuIP的馆校结合课程质量研究——以美国自然历史博物馆“生态系统的破坏”为例          下载免费PDF全文

陈柏因  黄子义 《自然科学博物馆研究》2020,(4):54-61

本文介绍了美国用于评估课程与《新一代科学教育标准》一致性的教育者评估教学产品质量量规(EQuIP),并以美国自然历史博物馆开发的“生态系统的破坏”单元为例,阐明量规的使用方法。从对接NGSS三个维度的角度总结量规的特点,为我国馆校结合课程的开发提出三点建议:首先,馆校结合课程不仅要在教学的内容上,还需在教学的理念、目标、方法上全面对接课标;其次,馆校结合课程需要以学生及其学习为中心,注重课程资源、教学的目标、方式、评价的整体设计,深入地对接课程标准;最后,需要为开发基于课标的馆校结合课程提供相应的软件和硬件保障。  相似文献   

国内英语学习自我效能感量表研究     

孟斌  陈婷 《江西教育学院学报》2011,32(2):92-94

笔者主要参考了国内的有关英语自我效能感研究的优秀硕士论文,从量表来源、量表维度等方面对这些论文中的英语自我效能感量表设计特征做了总结,以呈现现有量表编制的发展现状。  相似文献   

从伯克的"语言四维度"看"印象系列"的修辞效果     

张娴静 《怀化学院学报》2011,30(7):98-100

在<语言是象征行动>中,伯克明确提出语言四个基本维度:诗学、逻辑与语法、修辞以及伦理学.这四个维度几乎覆盖了语言的所有范围:诗学语言在富有情感的同时也含有理性的成分;逻辑语言并不仅仅局限于语法及逻辑思维,更应与理性相结合,指导行动;修辞语言贵在用劝说、劝勉的语气达到合作竞争的目的;伦理语言,要求我们真实准确地表达人格品...  相似文献