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Agnes W. Brokerhof 《文物保护研究》2015,60(6):7-13
This paper reports the conclusions and recommendations of the working group that synthesized the discussions on ‘How can science connect with and be of greater benefit to conservation practice?’ during the ICCROM Forum on Conservation Science. The author reflects on these findings from her own perspective and experiences, and places them in the context of two major shifts in heritage research: the first, a shift in focus from conserving materials to managing meaning. The second, a shift in organizational structures from single, centrally funded heritage institutions towards diffuse networks which include new players who have no direct responsibility towards heritage. Both shifts are taking place in an environment of decreased funding and increased accountability to society. Science and conservation connect and contribute to each other most effectively if they together contribute to the societal benefits of heritage. In this regard, heritage science strategies can stimulate collaboration, and direct science and conservation towards innovative, applicable outcomes. Moreover, they can promote a transdisciplinary approach which connects social, economic and business sciences and stakeholders. They should also ensure the creation of sustainable nodes for consolidating knowledge within these dynamic networks. 相似文献
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Maria C. Porcal-Gonzalo 《Journal of Map & Geography Libraries》2015,11(3):289-329
In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the fact that the proper management of information has to include concern for its preservation and future re-use. This ambition is particularly significant for geospatial data. The primary aim of this article is to define the European and Spanish frameworks for the preservation and reutilization of geographical information, with the ultimate goal of proposing an articulated, lifecycle-based data management model. With this, the intent is to shed some light on a complex, difficult and ever-evolving subject.The article is divided into two main parts. The first part begins with a conceptual justification for geospatial data management and continues by synthesizing the current normative and technological framework for the preservation and reutilization of geographical information. Within this context, the implementation of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) in Spain is evaluated. The second part begins with a case study from Spain that aims to identify different agents and flows that influence the lifecycle of geographical data, as well as the strengths and weaknesses found in each stage of the process under examination. Finally, the foregoing ideas are used in order to propose a SDI-related system for the management of geographical information. 相似文献
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The main topic of this article is architectural barriers and infrastructures as identified by university students with disabilities. The data presented is part of a much wider research project, sponsored by Spain’s Ministry of Economy and Competition. A biographical-narrative methodology was used for this study. The results presented have been classified based on one of five barrier types: urban (barriers that are outside the actual university campus), transport (public transportation and personal vehicles), building (obstacles inside university buildings), environmental (those elements within the classroom, including furniture, excessive noise or inadequate temperatures) and communication (these are divided into signposting and barriers when accessing information). Lastly, a variety of questions are considered in the conclusions which indicate that universities still need a certain degree of adaptation and readjustment to really be accessible and inclusive, in keeping with the principles of universal design. 相似文献
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In this work, we elaborate on the meaning of metadata quality by surveying efforts and experiences matured in the digital library domain. In particular, an overview of the frameworks developed to characterize such a multi-faceted concept is presented. Moreover, the most common quality-related problems affecting metadata both during the creation and the aggregation phase are discussed together with the approaches, technologies and tools developed to mitigate them. This survey on digital library developments is expected to contribute to the ongoing discussion on data and metadata quality occurring in the emerging yet more general framework of data infrastructures. 相似文献
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介绍了国外重大科技基础设施开放共享的特点,展示了在共享信息化平台建设方面的典型案例。分析了我
国重大科技基础设施在开放共享方面的探索实践和发展现状,阐述了重大科技基础设施共享服务平台建设工作情况及
成效,最后提出了相关的建议和对策。 相似文献
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作为科技发展的重要基础条件,重大科技基础设施是国家科学技术水平和综合实力的重要体现。中科院目前承担着23个国家重大科技基础设施的建设和运行工作。其中,13个已建设施运行稳定、高效,取得了一批重要科研成果,涉及基础研究、应用研究和社会保障众多领域,并在促进高新技术发展、科技成果转化、国家大型科研基地建设和国际合作发挥了重要作用;设施建设采取积极探索"边建设、边运行"模式,同时加强协同创新,与地方或其他单位共同建设;中科院还积极参与国家重大科技基础设施"十二五"规划工作,为国家建言献策,未来将在国家重大科技基础设施建设和运行中继续发挥骨干引领作用。 相似文献
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当今世界正处在百年未有之大变局和新科技革命深入发展的历史交汇期,党的十九届五中全会为国家治理现代化制定了总体远景规划,其中新型基础设施是实现国家治理现代化建设的重要基础。如何在推进新型基础设施建设中科学地协调科技、产业、国家治理和国际战略等多种要素,从而激发出系统性、可持续的创新与发展效能是抓住当前新科技革命重大历史发展机遇的关键。文章以新型基础设施涉及的若干科技产业发展趋势判断为起点,研究了新型基础设施在构建现代化国家治理体系中的功能与作用,为国家治理现代化建设中的科技、产业与战略的协调发展路径提供了理论参考。 相似文献
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《Journal of Map & Geography Libraries》2013,9(1):37-66
Abstract Users of geographic data may not be able to afford to purchase and implement a dataset that does not finally meet their needs. Therefore, metadata has a very important role in the information supply environment of geographic data. The development of national/local spatial data infrastructures recognizes the importance of metadata, as do the digital libraries providing spatial data. The new ISO 19115:2003 standard of metadata for geographic information is introduced briefly. In particular, geographic information can be made available as digital maps (or images) that are meant for visual use, or as datasets meant for computational use. Metadata for digital maps is closely related to the metadata elements for conventional maps and can be enhanced by providing a sample map with the data. The case of computational use of geographic data is more complex. There are several details that may appear crucial when determining the fitness of data for an intended use. Understanding the importance of the crucial factors in each use case requires professional skills from the users of metadata. 相似文献
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AbstractInfrastructures are typically seen as boring and serious, and are routinely depicted using metaphors from transportation. We argue that the carnival is a fruitful metaphor for understanding emerging information infrastructures, as the information age is also the age of the carnival. We distinguish between the ubiquitous or distal carnival and its particular manifestations – the proximate carnival – both of which are characterized by play, anarchy, dissimulation, vulgar language, and excessive consumption. The article focuses on Bitcoin, which we see as a nascent information infrastructure and an exemplary instance of a proximate carnival. It also considers how the carnival metaphor might help us reimagine our study of the information age. 相似文献