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1.
杨彬 《体育科技文献通报》2010,18(11):127-129
本文旨在借助参与北京奥运会和残奥会信息系统开发和运行服务的实践活动,分析北京2008残奥会信息系统的关键技术,结合国内大型综合性运动会信息技术应用发展的情况,形成为运动会组委会筹办和建设信息技术系统和组织运行服务的指导性文件,对我国各类综合性运动会信息技术服务系统的建设水平起到实用作用和指导意义,从而能够提高我国在体育信息技术领域中的科技能力和影响力。 相似文献
2.
AbstractThis paper examines the use of elite disability sport by the Chinese Government to promote disability sport and to establish a disability culture and social environment in the Republic of China from 1983 to 2012. Bearing in mind that earlier Chinese society did not perceive the international disability movement as an educational process, the paper begins with an interpretation of why elite disability sport received the government’s strong support when it was introduced to China, and considers its policies in the context of the government’s possible political motivations. It then examines the elite disability sport system in order to understand operational practices that were used to achieve success. It is concluded that the support of the government is the key to elite disability sport success. This was especially the case when the China Disabled Persons’ Federation underwent intensive development, maximizing the use of resources. 相似文献
3.
The XVII 2002 Commonwealth Games held in Manchester, England, was the first major international multi-sport event to include elite athletes with disabilities (EADs) in its main sports programme and medal table. In this exploratory article we seek to examine some of the complex issues surrounding the inclusion of EADs in the Manchester Games by analysing the coverage afforded those athletes by six national British newspapers. The results suggest that: (1) there was a tendency by the British media to discuss the performances of EADs in terms more-or-less consistent with a medicalized understanding of disability; (2) the inclusion of EADs in the Games signalled the ‘end of a sporting apartheid’ between ‘able-bodied’ athletes and EADs; and (3) that the participation of EADs in the Games was said to reflect the alleged growing ‘inclusion’ of people with disabilities in the wider society more broadly. The paper concludes by discussing some of the unintended consequences of including EADs in the Games, including those brought about by the classification system used to group athletes into events according to their particular impairment. Those which were associated with the supposed need for greater media coverage of EADs in ‘able-bodied’ sports competitions such as the Commonsealth Games. 相似文献
4.
Daniel Tik-Pui Fong Kit-Yee Yam Vikki Wing-Shan Chu Roy Tsz-Hei Cheung Kai-Ming Chan 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(4):441-451
This study investigated the acute fatigue pattern in neuromuscular activity after a simulated Boccia game and the effect of fatigue pattern on sport performance. Nine elite Boccia athletes were tested before, during, and after a simulated game. Maximum ball speed was captured with video, and the target hitting rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) score were collected and analyzed. Electromyography signals from the upper trapezius, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid, biceps brachii, triceps brachii, and wrist extensor muscles were collected by surface electrode and were evaluated with mean power frequency (MPF). Only the upper trapezius muscle showed fatigue as demonstrated by a reduction of MPF of 8% (p = 0.027) when comparing the first and last throws in a simulated game. Subjective RPE score increased during the game (118%, p = 0.004), and sports performance in terms of maximum ball speed (-12%, p = 0.004) and target hitting rate (-25%, p = 0.004) also deteriorated. In conclusion, fatigue on the upper trapezius muscle was demonstrated in elite Boccia athletes following a prolonged Boccia game and may have affected Boccia performance. Preventative measures against upper trapezius muscle fatigue and endurance training for synergists of the upper trapezius muscle may be considered in future studies. 相似文献
5.
传媒对残疾人体育的报道取向研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来,体育信息传播和体育新闻学研究的兴盛却未能惠及残疾人体育报道;残疾人体育的热发展却遭遇媒体的冷处理。从分析雅典残奥会报道入手,通过媒体对雅典残奥会和雅典奥运会报道的多方面比较,发现媒体对残疾人体育的报道主要集中于重大残疾人体育赛事期间,但投入力度较之一般体育报道少之又少,远远不能满足残疾人体育发展的要求。基于此种现实困境,提出了把残疾人体育报道作为体育报道的一个重要领域,媒体要全面客观报道我国残疾人体育的发展现状,引导人们认识真正的残疾人体育,在全社会的范围内营造起一个了解、关心和支持残疾人体育和生活的和谐友爱的环境。 相似文献
6.
Ian N. Bezodis James Cowburn Adam Brazil Rhian Richardson Cassie Wilson Timothy A. Exell 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2020,19(2):189-200
AbstractCerebral palsy is known to generally limit range of motion and force producing capability during movement. It also limits sprint performance, but the exact mechanisms underpinning this are not well known. One elite male T36 multiple-Paralympic sprint medallist (T36) and 16 well-trained able-bodied (AB) sprinters each performed 5–6 maximal sprints from starting blocks. Whole-body kinematics (250 Hz) in the block phase and first two steps, and synchronised external forces (1,000 Hz) in the first stance phase after block exit were combined to quantify lower limb joint kinetics. Sprint performance (normalised average horizontal external power in the first stance after block exit) was lower in T36 compared to AB. T36 had lower extensor range of motion and peak extensor angular velocity at all lower limb joints in the first stance after block exit. Positive work produced at the knee and hip joints in the first stance was lower in T36 than AB, and the ratio of positive:negative ankle work produced was lower in T36 than AB. These novel results directly demonstrate the manner in which cerebral palsy limits performance in a competition-specific sprint acceleration movement, thereby improving understanding of the factors that may limit performance in elite sprinters with cerebral palsy. 相似文献
7.
由北京残奥会看我国残疾人体育的发展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
赵金峰 《吉林体育学院学报》2010,26(1):18-19
北京残奥会已经成功落幕,而其对我国残疾人体育的发展却有着重要的影响。通过文献资料、专家访谈等方法并结合北京残奥会整体现状,剖析我国残疾人体育在竞技体育、群众体育和学校体育三大组成部分方面的发展,从而为我国残疾人体育事业的发展提供一些理论参考。 相似文献
8.
Zhixun Guan 《国际体育史杂志》2015,32(8):1115-1120
This social-historical study aims to enrich contemporary knowledge of the history of the Paralympics in modern China. In addition, the paper also seeks to understand policy and politics through the development of the Paralympics movement. To achieve these aims, a comparison and contrast between a ‘social approach’ and an ‘elite approach’ is provided in order to assess which approach is better in terms of current challenges facing Paralympic sport in China. This study adopts a qualitative approach and uses grounded theory as its research process. Interviews and archival material are used to gather information relevant to this study. Critical theories such as enlightenment theory, empowerment theory, and Hosking's critical disability theory, are then used to interpret the findings. The conclusion is that Paralympic sport in China has greatly benefited by an elite approach. However, after this approach enlightened Chinese society with modern disability theory, it is the time to move on to a social approach for the welfare of all people with disabilities in China. 相似文献
9.
Luke Hogarth Vaughan Nicholson Jemima Spathis Sean Tweedy Emma Beckman Mark Connick 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(4):404-413
This study examined the validity of isometric strength tests for evidence-based classification in Para swimming. Thirty non-disabled participants and forty-two Para swimmers with physical impairment completed an isometric strength test battery designed to explain activity limitation in the freestyle discipline. Measures pertaining to dominant and non-dominant limb strength and symmetry were derived from four strength tests that were found to be reliable in a cohort of non-disabled participants (ICC = 0.85–0.97; CV = 6.4–9.1%). Para swimmers had lower scores in strength tests compared with non-disabled participants (d = 0.14–1.00) and the strength test battery successfully classified 95% of Para swimmers with physical impairment using random forest algorithm. Most of the strength measures had low to moderate correlations (r = 0.32 to 0.53; p ≤ 0.05) with maximal freestyle swim speed in Para swimmers. Although, fewer correlations were found when Para swimmers with hypertonia or impaired muscle power were analysed independently, highlighting the impairment-specific nature of activity limitation in Para swimming. Collectively, the strength test battery has utility in Para swimming classification to infer loss of strength in Para swimmers, guide minimum eligibility criteria, and to define the impact that strength impairment has on Para swimming performance. 相似文献
10.
运用《奥运举办城市可持续发展计划评估量表》,从战略目标总体规划、设施规划、奥林匹克公园开发、基础设施规划等方面,对《2012伦敦奥运会和残奥会遗产计划》进行分析。认为:《2012伦敦奥运会和残奥会遗产计划》中关于奥林匹克城市建设方面具有较好的可持续性;奥林匹克城市发展与城市长期总体规划及其他地方规划具有较高的一致性。 相似文献