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李世宏 《西安体育学院学报》2012,29(2):186-191
以色列温盖特体育与运动学院作为以色列国家体育与运动中心,在以色列体育事业的发展中扮演了重要角色。运用文献资料法等研究方法从4个方面对其发展特色展开分析,认为经过50多年的发展,温盖特体育与运动学院形成了"以竞技体育与大众体育的发展为目标,以基础设施的建设与管理为支撑,以国际体育交流与合作的开展为方向"的特色。温盖特体育与运动学院的发展特色对我国体育院校有4个方面的启示:一是明确"普及"与"提高"相结合的目标定位;二是加强国际体育交流,开拓国际视野;三是基础设施的建设与管理体系的构建应相得益彰;四是逐步形成自身的发展特色。 相似文献
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文永革 《绵阳师范学院学报》1999,(5)
分析论述了一线多机的工作原理及技术特点;阐述了“一线多机”应用的具体实现;解决了在中小型局域网中用Wingate代理实现多机同时上网的实际问题.结合未来网络发展趋势,指出了此类代理服务器软件的广阔前景. 相似文献
3.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):400-406
AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of caffeine supplementation on peak anaerobic power output (Wmax). Using a counterbalanced, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, 14 well-trained men completed three trials of a protocol consisting of a series of 6-s cycle ergometer sprints, separated by 5-min passive recovery periods. Sprints were performed at progressively increasing torque factors to determine the peak power/torque relationship and Wmax. Apart from Trial 1 (familiarisation), participants ingested a capsule containing 5 mg·kg?1 of caffeine or placebo, one hour before each trial. The effects of caffeine on blood lactate were investigated using capillary samples taken after each sprint. The torque factor which produced Wmax was not significantly different (p ≥ 0.05) between the caffeine (1.15 ± 0.08 N·m·kg?1) and placebo (1.13 ± 0.10 N·m·kg?1) trials. There was, however, a significant effect (p < 0.05) of supplementation on Wmax, with caffeine producing a higher value (1885 ± 303 W) than placebo (1835 ± 290 W). Analysis of the blood lactate data revealed a significant (p < 0.05) torque factor × supplement interaction with values being significantly higher from the sixth sprint (torque factor 1.0 N·m·kg?1) onwards following caffeine supplementation. The results of this study confirm previous reports that caffeine supplementation significantly increases blood lactate and Wmax. These findings may explain why the majority of previous studies, which have used fixed-torque factors of around 0.75 N·m·kg?1 and thereby failing to elicit Wmax, have failed to find an effect of caffeine on sprinting performance. 相似文献
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青少年Wingate无氧功率与下肢骨骼、肌肉形态的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
研究目的:探讨30秒Wingate无氧功率测试指标与骨骼、肌肉的形态的关系。研究对象与方法:29名19-21岁青少年参加测试,超声法测量小腿三头肌及其肌腱,常规方法测量其它形态学指标,Wingate法测量下肢无氧功率,运动5min后测取血乳酸值。结果:最高功率、最高功率/公斤体重、平均功率、平均功率/公斤体重男性均高于女性,WAT运动后5分血乳酸值男性显著高。结果表明:男性组瘦体重与平均功率显著正相关,女性组大、小腿围度与平均功率显著正相关,下肢肌肉骨骼的形态学指标与下肢无氧功率在两组间均无明显相关。 相似文献
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Myokines may play a role in the health benefits of regular physical activity. Secreted protein acidic rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a pleiotropic myokine that has been shown to be released into the bloodstream by skeletal muscle in response to aerobic exercise. As there is evidence suggesting that SPARC release may be linked to glycogen breakdown and activation of 5’ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, we hypothesised that brief supramaximal exercise may also be associated with increased serum SPARC levels. In the present study, 10 participants (3 women; mean?±?SD age: 21?±?3 y, body mass index (BMI): 22?±?3?kg?m?2, and V˙O2max: 39?±?6?mL?kg?1?min?1) performed an acute bout of supramaximal cycle exercise (20-s Wingate sprint against 7.5% of body mass, with a 1-min warm-up and a 3-min cool-down consisting of unloaded cycling). Serum SPARC levels were determined pre-exercise as well as 0, 15, and 60?min post-exercise and corrected for plasma volume change. To determine whether regular exercise affected the acute SPARC response, participants repeated the acute exercise protocol three times per week for four weeks, and serum SPARC response to supramaximal exercise was reassessed after this period. Acute supramaximal exercise significantly decreased plasma volume (?10%; p?<?.001), but was not associated with a significant change in serum SPARC levels at either the pre-training or post-training testing sessions. In conclusion, in contrast to aerobic exercise, a single brief supramaximal cycle sprint is not associated with an increase in serum SPARC levels, suggesting that SPARC release is not related to skeletal muscle glycogen breakdown. 相似文献
6.
The insulin response following carbohydrate ingestion enhances creatine transport into muscle. Cinnamon extract is promoted to have insulin-like effects, therefore this study examined if creatine co-ingestion with carbohydrates or cinnamon extract improved anaerobic capacity, muscular strength, and muscular endurance. Active young males (n?=?25; 23.7?±?2.5?y) were stratified into 3 groups: (1) creatine only (CRE); (2) creatine+ 70?g carbohydrate (CHO); or (3) creatine+ 500?mg cinnamon extract (CIN), based on anaerobic capacity (peak power·kg?1) and muscular strength at baseline. Three weeks of supplementation consisted of a 5?d loading phase (20?g/d) and a 16?d maintenance phase (5?g/d). Pre- and post-supplementation measures included a 30-s Wingate and a 30-s maximal running test (on a self-propelled treadmill) for anaerobic capacity. Muscular strength was measured as the one-repetition maximum 1-RM for chest, back, quadriceps, hamstrings, and leg press. Additional sets of the number of repetitions performed at 60% 1-RM until fatigue measured muscular endurance. All three groups significantly improved Wingate relative peak power (CRE: 15.4% P?=?.004; CHO: 14.6% P?=?.004; CIN: 15.7%, P?=?.003), and muscular strength for chest (CRE: 6.6% P?P?P?P?P?P?P?=?.013; CHO: 10.0% P?=?.007; CIN: 17.3% P?P?=?.021) and CIN (15.5%, P?相似文献
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区域网采用Proxy代理服务器型和NAT网络地址转换型共享Internet两种方案各有优缺点，扬长避短，采和Proxy和MAT混合型共享Internet的上网方案，在实际的过程中，探讨并解决共享上网的安装与配制及在使用过程中出现的相关问题。 相似文献
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Alessandro Fornasiero Aldo Savoldelli Roberto Modena Gennaro Boccia Barbara Pellegrini Federico Schena 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(8):901-906
In the literature there is a lack of data about the development of top level athletes in cross-country mountain biking (XCO). The purpose of this study was to analyze anthropometric and physiological characteristics of some of the best XCO bikers aged between 13 and 16. The study involved 45 bikers (26 males and 19 females) belonging to a youth national team. The evaluations, consisting of anthropometric measures, incremental cycling tests (VO2max, PPO, P@RCP), and 30 s Wingate Tests (PMax, PMean), were conducted over a lapse of 4 years. Our findings showed in bikers, already at young age, a specific athletic profile advantageous for XCO performance. At the age of 16, just before entering the junior category and competing at international level, male and female bikers showed physiological values normalized to the body mass comparable to those reported in literature for high level athletes (VO2max>70 and >60 ml/kg/min, PPO >6.5 and >5.5 W/kg, respectively in males and females). The production of high power-to-weight ratios and high peaks of anaerobic power attests the presence of highly developed aerobic and anaerobic systems in young XCO cyclists reflecting the high physiological demand of this sport. 相似文献
10.
Christopher G. Ballmann Shelby B. Maze Abby C. Wells Mallory M. Marshall Rebecca R. Rogers 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(9):998-1003
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of short-term Rhodiola Rosea (Golden Root Extract (GRE)) supplementation on repeated Wingate performance. Eleven physically active college aged females were recruited for this study. In a within groups counterbalanced study design, participants were supplemented with either 1,500 mg/day of GRE or placebo (gluten-free cornstarch) for 3 days. Participants also took an additional 500 mg dose of corresponding treatment 30 minutes prior to testing of each trial. During each exercise trial, participants completed 3 × 15-second Wingate Anaerobic Tests (WAnTs) separated by 2-minute active recovery periods. Each exercise trial was separated by a 7 day washout period. Over the 3 × 15-second WAnTs, mean watts (p = 0.017, ES = 0.55), mean anaerobic capacity (p = 0.025, ES = 0.96), mean anaerobic power (p = 0.03, ES = 1.07), mean peak watts (p = 0.029,ES = 0.46), and mean total work (p = 0.017, ES = 0.49) were higher in the GRE treatment trial versus placebo. However, mean fatigue index (p = 0.094, ES = 0.39) was unaffected regardless of treatment. Our results show that GRE supplementation enhanced anaerobic exercise performance as measured through repeated WAnTs. GRE may possess ergogenic benefits and findings hold important implications for boosting anaerobic performance in repeated anaerobic bouts of exercise. 相似文献