运动对老年人体质的影响   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

刘冬冬  陈敏雄  马可武 《山西师大体育学院学报》2004,19(1):93-96

老年人的健康问题越来越受到重视，体质(fitness)是评价健康的一个综合的指标。本文通过对国内外众多文献的研究发现，老年人的身体形态、体成分、心血管系统功能及各项与运动有关的素质均有明显的退化，同时发现运动对老年人的体质有积极的影响，适当的锻炼可延缓老年人的衰老进程。  相似文献   

老年人健身模式中力量训练的必要性与可行性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

马新东  高前进 《沈阳体育学院学报》2004,23(3):281-283

力量训练是老年人体育健身的重要问题,分析了力量锻炼对老年人健康的影响以及老年人加强力量素质的意义,阐述了不同肌肉力量指标对老年人健康生活的作用,揭示了肌肉离心收缩在老年人力量锻炼中的优越性,旨在为老年人体育健身提供可借鉴的理论依据。  相似文献   

长期有规律的体育运动对老年人I型和Ⅱ型T细胞因子平衡的影响     

黄腊秀  陈小武 《体育学刊》2006,13(3)

为了检验长期习惯性的体育运动是否影响老年人I型和Ⅱ型T细胞因子的平衡。通过对9名老年妇女(平均年龄(63±1)岁,最大耗氧量(32.2±1.0)mL.kg-1.min-1)进行步行训练;挑选12名不进行运动训练的老年(妇女平均年龄(63±1)岁,最大耗氧量(27.8±0.9)mL.kg-1.min-1)和9名不进行运动训练的年轻妇女(平均年龄(26±1)岁,最大耗氧量(37.8±1.3)mL.kg-1.min-1);然后检测了CD4 和CD8 T细胞中IFN-γ、IL-2和IL-4的水平,并对I型和Ⅱ型T细胞进行了比较。结果:老年人运动组表达IFN-γ的CD4 细胞数目与比青年非运动组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01);老年运动组表达IL-2的CD8 的T细胞数目与老年非运动组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05);青年组表达IL-4的CD8 细胞与老年非运动组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01);3组中CD4 和CD8 T细胞中IFN-γ/IL-4的比率差异无显著性。实验结果显示年龄对I型和Ⅱ型T细胞的影响比运动训练对它的影响更大。  相似文献   

AI赋能公共图书馆适老化阅读服务研究--以杭州市为例     

李熠煜  朱彤 《新世纪图书馆》2022,(1)

杭州市图书馆运用人工智能等技术,在中心馆-总分馆体系下构建了全市共享的图书馆适老化服务,为老年人在数字环境下提供阅读服务。通过对杭州市公共图书馆的自助转借系统、无障碍服务和设施开发、数字服务平台、“悦借”网络渠道、多元服务方式的分析,肯定了AI赋能下杭州市公共图书馆适老化阅读服务的成效。同时指出,杭图的适老化服务存在对老年人心理层面的关注不够,高层次智慧馆员缺乏等不足。有效提升图书馆适老化服务需要满足老年读者的需求,利用智能设备提高服务效能,加强老年人阅读素养。  相似文献   

Role of objectively measured sedentary behaviour in physical performance,frailty and mortality among older adults: A short systematic review     

Asier Mañas  Borja del Pozo-Cruz  Francisco José García-García  Amelia Guadalupe-Grau 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(7):940-953

Sedentary behaviour (SB) has recently emerged as an independent risk factor for different health outcomes. Older adults accumulate long time in SB. Understanding the role that SB plays on health is crucial for a successful aging. This short systematic review summarizes the current evidence related to the effects of objectively measured SB on frailty, physical performance and mortality in adults ≥60?years old. The literature search produced 271 records for physical performance (n?=?119), frailty (n?=?31), and mortality (n?=?121). Finally, only 13 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. All articles but one included in the physical performance section (n?=?9) showed a negative association between longer time spent in SB and physical performance. A significant association of SB with higher odds of frailty was found, however this association disappeared after adjusting for cognitive status. Lastly, two of the three included studies showed positive associations between SB and mortality, but this effect decreased or even disappeared in the more adjusted models. In conclusion, there is consistency that SB is negatively associated with physical performance. However, the relationship between objectively measured SB and frailty incidence and mortality rates remains unclear and deserves further research. The use of homogenous criteria to assess SB and the inclusion of more robust research designs will help clarifying the independent effects that SB could have on physical performance, frailty, and mortality. This will ultimately help designing more efficient and comprehensive physical activity guidelines for older adults.  相似文献   

休闲教育视角下休闲体育参加者的流畅感、满意度与幸福感研究     

郑元男  元英信  曹星 《北京体育大学学报》2016,39(1):102-111

摘要：分析休闲教育视域下基于我国老年休闲体育参加者在社会人口统计特征下的流畅感、休闲满意度和幸福感之间的差异及因果关系，为提升老年人的生活质量、幸福指数上升和促进老年人的休闲体育参与提供理论参考依据。运用因子分析、单因素方差分析、相关分析、结构方程等分析法对我国60周岁以上的530名老年休闲体育参与者进行了问卷调查。研究结果显示：1）流畅感在年龄、参与频度、参与项目、月收入方面均存在差异；2）休闲满意度在性别、年龄、参与频度、参与项目、月收入方面均存在差异；3）幸福感在年龄、参与频度、参与时间、参与项目、月收入方面均存在差异；4）流畅感对休闲满意度有着显著性影响，流畅感对幸福感无显著性影响，休闲满意度对幸福感有着显著性影响。针对性地对实施休闲教育提供理论参考与实践指导，有助于提高老年人的身心健康和成功老龄化及最大限度地提升晚年生活幸福指数，最终为国家减少医疗费用。  相似文献   

基于网络问答社区的话题识别与分析——以知乎“老年人”话题为例     

黄鲁成  蒋林杉  苗红  吴菲菲 《图书情报工作》2016,60(5):93-100

[目的/意义]针对目前基于网络的话题识别与分析方法的局限性,提出针对网络问答社区的话题识别与分析方法,为此类网站的话题识别与分析提供参考。[方法/过程]以改进的中文分词技术为基础,构建网络问答社区的话题识别指标,通过线性加权方式计算权重,结合关键词提取方法确定话题关键词,对话题关注焦点进行提取,对分布情况进行测度。依据所提出的改进方法,以知乎网站为数据来源,从话题关键词、关键词分布以及热点子话题3个角度对"老年人"话题焦点进行识别与分析。[结果/结论]研究表明,该方法具有科学性和可行性,不仅拓展了社会问题的分析数据源,也为"积极开展应对人口老龄化行动"提供了决策依据。  相似文献   

冬泳运动对中老年人身体成分的影响分析     

姜燕  武俸羽 《辽宁体育科技》2016,(1):75-77

对齐齐哈尔市冬泳协会的116名冬泳爱好者进行身体成分测试。结果显示：长期进行冬泳运动,可以改善中老年人的身体成分,降低体脂百分比和肥胖发生率,提高身体素质,对预防心血管疾病及老年性骨质疏松具有积极意义。  相似文献   

常州市中老年人体育健身活动情况的调查与分析——以常州市市区中老年人为例     

朱建红 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2011,11(6):55-58

文章对常州市市区中老年人日常健身活动的情况进行抽样调查。对与常州市市区大部分中老年人体育健身活动有关的锻炼习惯、锻炼方法以及相关部门的组织和宣传、场地器材建设进行了综合分析,提出一些建议及看法,希望在政府和社会各方面共同努力下,不断提高中老年人健身活动意识,提高生活质量。  相似文献   

Education on population matters in Europe: results from a comparative survey among students in five European countries     

Christine Van Peer 《Compare》2006,36(1):105-123

In 1996–1997, within the framework of the European Observatory for Population Education and Information, a comparative survey was conducted among students in final classes of secondary education in several European countries. On the one hand, the survey attempted to assess the effects of education on population in terms of knowledge acquired; the issues addressed in the questionnaire pertained to knowledge of demographic facts and trends (such as the ageing of Western societies and immigration). On the other hand it tried to ascertain students' opinions on demographic trends. What are young people's views on intergenerational solidarity, how tolerant are they towards immigrants, what are their views on recent changes in family structures? This knowledge is important since it is young people's attitudes and future behaviour that will help to shape both the social tissue and the economic prosperity of the European and world population. In this article we present a comparative analysis of survey results obtained in five European countries. We examined the question whether knowledge acquired in the course of scolarisation influences opinions. The results evidence a significant relationship between knowledge of the migrants' issue and attitudes of tolerance towards migrants. By means of multivariate analyses, the impact of factors such as social origin, study orientation and gender on both students' knowledge and attitudes, are investigated. We conclude that adequate educational training on population issues can have a significant positive impact on attitudes of tolerance.  相似文献