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冯志伟 《商丘师范学院学报》2007,23(2):58-61
“七年战争”后,英国出于转嫁财政压力的目的而向北美殖民地征税,危及了殖民地的经济利益和自由;同时,其他欧洲大国势力退出了北美,使殖民地没有了外部的威胁,他们敢于和母国对抗。在北美殖民地独立战争中,其他欧洲国家出于削弱英国以达到恢复欧洲“势力均衡”的目的,支持了殖民地的独立战争。“七年战争”对北美殖民地独立战争的爆发和胜利具有重要的促进作用。 相似文献
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Evidence on the dimensionality of self-construal points to the coexistence of both an independent and an interdependent self-image. Drawing on conceptualizations of the acculturation process, this study is a preliminary examination of the distinctiveness of four hypothesized self-construal patterns: Bicultural, Western, Traditional, and Culturally-alienated. Different types of individuals, having experienced varying amounts of cultural contact and having made different choices in adjusting to cultural groups, might portray distinctive self-construal patterns. Especially intriguing was the notion that those with a well developed sense of interdependence and a well developed sense of independence could be described as bicultural. To test this, persons from four a priori identified groups were selected to represent the four patterns of self-construal. We predicted that on a measure of self-construal, the mean scores of the respondents in the four groups would differ in strength with the bicultural experience group, in particular, exhibiting both a high independent and a high interdependent score on a measure of self-construals. Our hypotheses were supported. In terms of independent self-construal, the Bicultural and Western groups scored significantly higher than the Traditional and Alienated groups. For the interdependent self-construal, the Traditional and Bicultural groups scored significantly higher than the Western and Alienated groups. The bicultural group was the only group to score significantly higher on both types of construals. The availability of both types of self-construal would likely facilitate communication and adaptive behaviors for persons interacting in multiple cultures. 相似文献
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In Western societies scientists are increasingly expected to seek media exposure and cooperate with industry. Little attention
has been given to the way such expectations affect the role of scientific experts in society. To investigate scientists’ own
perspectives on these issues eight exploratory, in-depth interviews were conducted in Denmark with reputable nutrition scientists.
Additionally, eight interviews were held with ‘key informants’ from the field of nutrition policy. It was found that nutrition
scientists experience two dilemmas: first, between their aspiration to make a collective impact on public health and the powerful
incentives of each to appear frequently in the media with new messages; second, between their need to cooperate with the food
industry for financial reasons and their fear that this may compromise their independence and scientific integrity. It is
argued that the dilemmas identified in this study should be dealt with openly by the relevant groups of scientists. 相似文献
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本文通过对机构创新的几个重要指标的阐述，对比并分析了“十五”以来省属研究机构的自主创新能力现状。 相似文献
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孙建霞 《历史教学(高校版)》2011,(4)
独立战争时期,美国主要靠招募志愿兵组成了一支正规军——大陆军,当然大陆军在组建之初还称不上是一支正规军,用大陆军总司令华盛顿的话说,只是一群乌合之众,历经华盛顿艰苦卓绝的改革后才成长为一支名副其实的正规军。大陆军具有规模小、服役期短、兵员征召受到州权牵制等特点,虽然为大陆军征募兵员的工作费尽千辛万苦,但最终的结果是依然征不满员。所以,颇受人非议的民兵还是一次次地被派上战场,以弥补人力不足。民兵和大陆军协同作战,逐渐形成了以大陆军为主、以民兵为辅的两级军事体制。 相似文献
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The present study was aimed at investigating the relationships between autonomy-connectedness and adherence to independent and interdependent values in second-generation Dutch immigrant women with a background in countries labeled as collectivistic, and same-aged indigenous Dutch women (N = 180 and N = 157, respectively). Both groups completed the Autonomy-Connectedness Scale (ACS-30; Bekker & Van Assen, 2006) and the Self-Construal Scale (Singelis, 1994). Additionally, those with an immigrant background filled out the Acculturation Questionnaire (Arends-Tóth & Van de Vijver, 2003). Contrary to expectations, both groups had similar levels of self-awareness, whereas the indigenous Dutch women were - after controlling for educational level - more sensitive to others. In both groups, but even more in the group with an immigrant background, adherence to independent values appeared to contribute substantially and positively to self-awareness as well as capacity for managing new situations, and negatively to sensitivity to others. In addition, adherence to interdependent values contributed, for both groups, positively to sensitivity to others, and, for those with an immigrant background, negatively to self-awareness. The ACS-30 appeared to be useful for assessing autonomy-connectedness in the immigrant groups that participated in the study. The results confirm that a simple distinction between native and immigrant Dutch groups in terms of being self- or other-focused should be rejected, and give rise to further, clinically relevant research questions. 相似文献
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吴忠超 《上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2002,31(2):25-30
美国中央银行的建立分三个阶段，美国联邦政府与银行制度的关键对中央银行制度建立的影响巨大。 相似文献
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充分条件关系是非纯真值的联结关系,不是纯真值联结关系。作为必须通过非纯真值的充分条件假言联结词"若,则"来定义的导出的尽举选言命题也是非纯真值的:尽举选言命题的真值,不取决于出现在其中的肢命题的真值,前者不是后者的真值的真值函数。以尽举选言命题作为前提能构成从已知获取新知的推理。以纯真值复合命题作为前提不能构成从已知获取新知的推理。 相似文献