镉锌交互作用对玉米幼苗生理生化特性的影响   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘建新 《宜春学院学报》2004,26(6):55-57,60

以不同浓度的镉(Cd2 )、锌(Zn2 )处理玉米，研究CA、Zn单一及复合污染对幼苗生长及生理生化特性的影响．结果表明，随着Cd2 、Zn2 浓度的增加，CA、Zn单一及复合处理的根长，株高、根和地上部干重减少；根内丙二醛(MDA)积累增加，根系活力和叶片硝酸还原酶活性下降，叶绿素含量降低，Cd、Zn交互作用显示出协同作用的趋势。  相似文献   

Improving Agricultural Extension Services through University Outreach Initiatives: A Case of Farmers in Model Villages in Ogun State,Nigeria     

Abayomi Oloruntoba  Dorcas A Adegbite 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(4):273-283

Abstract

University outreach is an educational and research-based information source enabling farmers to make decisions that improve the quality of their lives. This paper explores how collaborative efforts between the university and farmers have directly impacted in albeit Striga (‘noxious witch weed’) ravaged maize farms in rainforest farming systems in southwest Nigeria. Data were collected using pre-tested instruments from cross-section of 280 participating and non-participating farmers. Logistic regression results indicated that certain coefficient estimates such as gender, regularity of extension contact, membership of farmers’ group, female adult aged 16 and above, assistance in the provision of tractor-hiring services and improved crop yields were found to be statistically significant at p < 0.05. Furthermore, findings from sample statistics were reflections of peasantry as majority of the farmers had small mean farm size, large household size and low annual income from sales of maize crop. The major conclusion that could be drawn from the study is that the provision of extension by the university coupled with other factors have had significant positive influence on decision to adopt introduced cultural practices with attendant improvement on the well-being of participating farmers.  相似文献   

Al3+对玉米根芽生长影响的研究     

田茂洁  杨艳  周平 《绵阳师范学院学报》2005,24(2):63-65

近年来，土壤中可溶性铝增加，对作物生长产生重要影响，本文研究了酸性条件下不同浓度Al^3＋对玉米根芽生长的影响。结果表明，Al对玉米根芽的生长有显著的抑制作用．且随着浓度的升高抑制作用显著加强，但时于根的生长Al^3＋浓度有一个相对促进其生长的浓度（0．5mg／L）；同时，高浓度的Al^3＋能诱导玉米根尖染色体发生多种类型畸变。  相似文献   

玉米大垄双行地膜覆盖栽培应饪与推广需注意的几个技术问题     

武秀英 《中国科技信息》2006,(6):114-114,110

玉米大垄双行地膜覆盖栽培技术在应用与推广过程中必须选择适合本地生长的优良品种、科学施肥、合理密植，必须提高水分利用率，改善土壤结构，保持适宜的固、气、液态三相比，才能获取玉米的高产。  相似文献   

Seed priming with chitosan improves maize germination and seedling growth in relation to physiological changes under low temperature stress     

Ya-jing Guan  Jin Hu  Xian-ju Wang  Chen-xia Shao 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(6):427-433

Low temperature stress during germination and early seedling growth is an important constraint of global production of maize. The effects of seed priming with 0.25%, 0.50%, and 0.75% (w/v) chitosan solutions at 15 ℃ on the growth and physiological changes were investigated using two maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines, HuangC (chilling-tolerant) and Mo17 (chilling-sensitive). While seed priming with chitosan had no significant effect on germination percentage under low temperature stress, it enhanced germination index, reduced the mean germination time (MGT), and increased shoot height, root length, and shoot and root dry weights in both maize lines. The decline of malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative permeability of the plasma membrane and the increase of the concentrations of soluble sugars and proline, peroxidase (POD) activity, and catalase (CAT) activity were detected both in the chilling-sensitive and chilling-tolerant maize seedlings after priming with the three concentrations of chitosan. HuangC was less sensitive to responding to different concentrations of chitosan. Priming with 0.50% chitosan for about 60～64 h seemed to have the best effects. Thus, it suggests that seed priming with chitosan may improve the speed of germination of maize seed and benefit for seedling growth under low temperature stress.  相似文献   

我国玉米种业发展的问题、制约与政策建议   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

董欢 《中国科技论坛》2013,(9)

我国玉米种业在育种、生产加工和销售推广等重要产业环节都存在一些问题,且各环节之间脱节现象严重,直接制约了我国玉米种子产业链整体功能的发挥.因此,应当立足中国农业发展大局实施更具针对性的战略性政策支持,除了进一步营造玉米种业发展所需的良好外部环境外,更重要的是通过推进自身研发体系创新、生产方式创新以及销售模式创新来实现我国玉米种业的整链打造和良性发展,培育我国玉米种业可持续发展的内生动力.  相似文献   

玉米幼苗干旱过程中钙的效应   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

郭丽红  杨晓虹  陈善娜  龚明 《昆明师范高等专科学校学报》2003,25(4):39-42

CaCl2处理明显地提高了玉米幼苗的抗旱性，而且能使热激诱导抗旱性过程中的抗氧化酶GR的活性、热稳定蛋白质及游离脯氨酸的含量升高，而降低质膜相对透性，表明CaCl2可能是通过GR、热稳定蛋白质和脯氨酸的抗氧化作用保护细胞膜免受破坏或破坏程度受到削弱而提高植物抗旱性。  相似文献   

不同除草剂对玉米田杂草防效研究     

王波 《安徽科技学院学报》2002,16(3):22-24

玉米播后苗前用五种除草剂对苗期杂草进行防除.结果表明:90%禾耐斯+48%百草敌(水剂)和50%的都阿悬乳剂对玉米田一年生杂草防效均较好,其株防效及鲜重防效分别达92.4%、87.6%、97.3%、95.0%;而480克/升拉索乳油,50%乐丰宝对禾本科杂草的防效较好,其株防效及鲜重防效分别为87.9%、93.1%、87.7%、95.5%.  相似文献   

氮磷钾运筹模式对玉米部分生理特性、产量及品质性状的影响     

胡曼  张子学  王长进  余海兵 《安徽科技学院学报》2015,(1):14-18

以玉米为材料,研究氮磷钾不同运筹模式对其生理特性、品质及产量性状的影响。结果表明,氮磷钾不同运筹方式对玉米穗位叶叶绿素含量、硝酸还原酶活性、穗长、穗粗、品质以及产量都有影响,且在不同施肥水平下,不同氮钾基追肥比例对性状的影响不同。在施肥水平高的条件下,氮钾基追肥比例以7/3产量最高;在施肥水平中等的条件下,氮钾基追肥比例以6/4玉米产量最高;在施肥水平低的条件下,氮钾基追肥比例以5/5玉米产量最高。  相似文献   

玉米生长中后期主要杂草种类及防除研究     

王波  宋家刚 《安徽科技学院学报》2006,20(5):10-13

玉米田中后期主要杂草有马唐、无芒稗、铁苋菜、蓼、莎草、鸭舌草、竹节菜、旱莲草等。6种除草剂对玉米田中后期杂草防除结果表明:百草枯、克无踪、灭绿三种除草剂对多种一年生杂草有较好的防除效果,株防效及鲜重防效分别达77.00%,89.74%;75.52%,93.30%;75.44%,83.65%。  相似文献