少年中长跑运动员跑的经济性与运动成绩关系研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

蔡秋  卢亮球 《广州体育学院学报》2004,24(6):66-68,76

以体校男女各13名少年运动员为研究对象,采用跑台逐级递增负荷运动试验测试最大吸氧量,并以24m·min-1的恒定跑台速度测试跑的经济性RE,呼出气体通过JaegerEOS心肺功能测试仪,用开放式气体测试法分析。文中运动员成绩均为竞赛成绩。实验结果表明,跑的经济性RE(ml·kg-1·min-1)无显著性性别差异(P>0.05),但个体间存在较大的差异。RE(ml·kg-1·min-1)与1500m、400m跑运动成绩无显著性相关,RE(％V2max)与10km跑成绩呈显著相关。提示RE在较长距离跑中起重要作用。运动员想提高耐力水平,可以通过提高最大有氧能力或改善技术以提高经济性这两种方法实现。  相似文献   

高压氧配合模拟高住低训对游泳运动员血液指标的影响     

姚俊  周卫海 《广州体育学院学报》2003,23(6):44-46

本研究运用模拟HiLo训练法，辅以高压氧(hyper baric 0xygen，HBO)作为运动员大运动量后的训练、恢复手段，对耐力运动员血液生化指标产生的影响进行研究。研究结果显示：这种方法不仅能迅速消除运动员训练后的疲劳，避免疲劳的积累，还能充分调动机体的生理潜能，提高运动员的有氧耐力水平，是耐力运动员的一种有效辅助训练手段。  相似文献   

造就我国新一代图书馆自动化信息系统开发队伍     

吴隆基 《现代图书情报技术》2002,18(5):16-20

首次提出造就我国新一代图书馆自动化信息系统开发队伍的基本构想。并论证了只有通过较高的SW-CMM以及SSE-CMM国际认证才能够造就出我国新一代图书馆自动化信息系统开发队伍。  相似文献   

Maximal heart rate declines linearly with age independent of cardiorespiratory fitness levels     

Cemal Ozemek  Mitchell H. Whaley  W. Holmes Finch  Leonard A. Kaminsky 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(5):563-570

There have been many conflicting observations between the linear or curvilinear decline in maximal heart rate (HR_max) with age. The aim of this study was to determine if linear or curvilinear equations would better describe the decline in HR_max with age in individuals of differing cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels. Treadmill cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) results from participants (1510 men and 1134 women; 18–76 years) free of overt cardiovascular disease were retrospectively examined using cross-sectional and longitudinal study designs. Participants completing ≥2 CPX with ≥1 year between test dates were included in the longitudinal analysis (325 men and 150 women). Linear and quadratic regressions were applied to age and HR_max for the whole cohort and respective CRF groups (high, moderate, and low, relative to age and gender normative values). To test for differences among linear, quadratic, and polynomial equations, the change in R² (cross-sectional analysis) and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) (longitudinal analysis) from the linear to the more complex models were calculated. The quadratic or polynomial regression in the cross-sectional analysis, marginally improved the variance in HR_max explained by age compared to the linear regression for the whole cohort (0.2%), moderate fit group (0.3%), and low fit group (0.8%). With no improvements in the high fit group. BIC did not improve for any CRF category in the longitudinal analysis. In conclusion, the minimal differences among linear, quadratic, and polynomial equations in the respective CRF groups, emphasizes the use of linear prediction equations to estimate HR_max.  相似文献   

Thermoneutral immersion exercise accelerates heart rate recovery: A potential novel training modality     

Mauricio Garzon  Olivier Dupuy  Laurent Bosquet  Anil Nigam  Alain Steve Comtois  Martin Juneau 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(3):310-316

This study compared heart rate recovery (HRR) after incremental maximal exercise performed at the same external power output (P_ext) on dry land ergocycle (DE) vs. immersible ergocycle (IE). Fifteen young healthy participants (30?±?7 years, 13 men and 2 women) performed incremental maximal exercise tests on DE and on IE. The initial P_ext on DE was 25?W and was increased by 25?W/min at a pedalling cadence between 60 and 80?rpm, while during IE immersion at chest level in thermoneutral water (30°C), the initial P_ext deployment was at a cadence of 40?rpm which was increased by 10?rpm until 70?rpm and thereafter by 5?rpm until exhaustion. Gas exchange and heart rate (HR) were measured continuously during exercise and recovery for 5?min. Maximal HR (DE: 176?±?15 vs. IE 169?±?12?bpm) reached by the subjects in the two conditions did not differ (P?>?.05). Parasympathetic reactivation parameters (ΔHR from 10 to 300?s) were compared during the DE and IE HR recovery recordings. During the IE recovery, parasympathetic reactivation in the early phase was more predominant (HRR at Δ10–Δ60?s, P?<?.05), but similar in the late phase (HRR at Δ120–Δ300?s, P?>?.05) when compared to the DE condition. In conclusion, incremental maximal IE exercise at chest level immersion in thermoneutral water accelerates the early phase parasympathetic reactivation compared to DE in healthy young participants.  相似文献   

Degradation of chlorophenol by in-situ electrochemically generated oxidant     

丛燕青  吴祖成  叶倩  谭天恩 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2004,(2)

INTRODUCTION With the development of industry, more and more pollutants are discharged into environment, among them, phenolic wastes are typical contami-nants considered to be hazardous and top priority toxic pollutants listed by the USEPA. They are toxic even at low concentration. Due to their biorefractory, bioaccumulation and carcinogenic potential, the treatment of these contaminants is very important in environmental protection. Various technologies and processes have been tried …  相似文献   

The Bicycle Assembly Line Game     

Dorothy Klotz 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2011,9(3):371-377

“The Bicycle Assembly Line Game” is a team‐based, in‐class activity that helps students develop a basic understanding of continuously operating processes. Each team of 7–10 students selects one of seven prefigured bicycle assembly lines to operate. The lines are run in real‐time, and the team that operates the line that yields the highest revenue wins. Students learn through discovery “What drives output rate?”; “How is capacity managed relative to market demand?”; and “Why does inventory accumulate?” Because task times are constant, the game provides a nice lead‐in to the topic of line balancing. This game has been successfully used in both undergraduate‐ and MBA‐level operations management courses.  相似文献   

最大吸氧量间接测算全新通用方程及其应用     

李放 《体育学刊》1998,(1)

作者论证了最大吸氧量间接测算全新通用议程组男VO2m,Ka;女,VO2mKa.式中：P,运动强度,单位,瓦;f,运动心率,次／分;n＝0.16－0．21,人机效率;Ka＝1．25~0．01A,A,年龄系数。在A＝25、P＝50~200瓦、f＝120~170次／分之间,方程组VO2m测算范围（1．6~6．0）升／分,包括体力弱者及世界级马拉松运动员,与奥斯特兰德实测数序表偏差不大于3％。  相似文献   

试论加强学校体育教学中的美育     

杨柳洁 《四川体育科学》1998,(4)

通过对美育的作用,体育美学的内容、特点,以及创造美的基本途径几方面进行了论述,阐述了体育教学中美育的重要性。  相似文献   

人体心肺机能第二拐点与某些生理生化指标的关系   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

孙学川  陈槐卿 《成都体育学院学报》1997,23(4):67-70

通过采用放射免疫分析（ＲＩＡ）和乳酸分析等方法，对２０名优秀运动员的实验研究，探讨人体心肺机能达到第二拐点时，血中环－磷酸腺苷（ｃＡＭＰ）、环磷酸鸟苷（ｃＧＭＰ）、乳酸水平、以及吸氧量（绝对值和相对值）、氧脉博等指标的变化，以初步揭示人体机能第二拐点与某些生理生化指标的关系。实验结果表明：人体机能达第二拐点时，以上指标各参数值均明显高于运动起始时刻的数值（Ｐ＜０．００１）。此刻人体所承受的生理负荷强度已达到无氧阈平均水平以上，机体已由有氧供能为主过渡到无氧代谢占优势。  相似文献