全民阅读时代我国公共图书馆建设区域分布态势研究——基于空间计量模型的实证分析     

王志刚  李阳冉 《图书馆理论与实践》2022,(1)

文章基于2010—2018年中国31个省(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区)的面板数据进行探索性分析,并构建空间计量模型以检验公共图书馆机构数、藏书量以及人均占有量在空间分布上存在明显差异。最后,在"全民阅读"国家发展战略指导下,根据我国公共图书馆的空间分布特征,建议从四种维度创设新型公共图书馆。  相似文献   

Analysis of the urban/rural broadband divide in Canada: Using GIS in planning terrestrial wireless deployment   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

M. Sawada  Daniel Cossette  Barry Wellar  Tolga Kurt 《Government Information Quarterly》2006,23(3-4):454

Millions of Canadians residing in Canada's northern, isolated, rural, and remote communities do not have broadband Internet access. This situation has led to a national “broadband divide.” That is, the deployment of wireline broadband is very limited in Canada's northern, isolated, rural, and remote areas because of the significant expense of installation and maintenance of the wired infrastructure needed to reach dwellings in these locations.Terrestrial broadband wireless technology, on the other hand, does not entail the same kind of physical infrastructure. As a result, there are dramatic changes in how spatial considerations affect the provision of broadband Internet services (BIS) to areas beyond the urban zone. In particular, the spatial question is now focused on assessing the capacity for different technological solutions to reach profitable population bases, and brings to the forefront organizations that are developing non-line-of-sight (NLOS) technologies that would permit wireless Internet access over much greater distances than current solutions.We begin this paper by establishing the importance of broadband connectivity to Canada's northern, isolated, rural, and remote communities. This discussion comments on the role of the Government of Canada in the provision of broadband connectivity to residents of these communities, and outlines the current regulatory issues that govern wireless services and policy formulation.The second part of the paper illustrates the use of geographic information system (GIS) approaches in the study of wireless broadband planning and deployment. Case study findings suggest that GIS applications can make a significant contribution to the analysis of wireless deployment planning, to the understanding of the relationships between wireless signal sources and consumers, and to the spatial configuration of terrestrial wireless broadband networks. We conclude the paper by discussing how the GIS approach employed could be used to inform the public policy process with regard to increasing access to broadband Internet services in all regions of the country, and thereby providing the opportunity for all Canadians, regardless of location, to fully participate in the Information Society.  相似文献   

Finding the missing Einsteins: Expanding the breadth of cognitive and noncognitive measures used in academic services     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2020

Education researchers, policymakers, and practitioners are concerned with identifying and developing talent for students with fewer opportunities, especially students from historically marginalized groups. An emerging body of research suggests “universally screening” or testing all students, then matching those students with appropriate educational challenges, is effective in helping marginalized students. However, most tests have focused on two areas: math and verbal reasoning. We leverage three nationally representative samples of the U.S. population at different time points that include both novel cognitive measures (e.g., spatial, mechanical, and abstract reasoning) and non-cognitive measures (e.g., conscientiousness, creativity or word fluency, leadership skill, and artistic skill) to uncover which measures would improve proportional representation of marginalized groups in talent identification procedures. We find that adding spatial reasoning measures in particular—as well as other non-cognitive measures such as conscientiousness, leadership, and creativity—are worthwhile to consider for universal screening procedures for students to narrow achievement gaps at every level of education, including for gifted students. By showing that these nontraditional measures both improve proportional representation of underrepresented groups and have reasonable predictive validity, we also broaden the definition of what it means to be “gifted” and expand opportunities for students from historically marginalized groups.  相似文献   

Spontaneous spatial strategy use in learning from scientific text     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2017

Two studies explored the role of the spontaneous use of spatial note-taking strategies (i.e., creating maps and drawings) and spatial ability in learning from a scientific passage. In Study 1, college students read and took notes by hand on a 10-paragraph scientific passage about the human respiratory system. Students tended to use verbal strategies such as lists (on 48% of the paragraphs), outlines (29%) and running text (15%), but also used spatial strategies such as maps (28%) and drawings (11%). Regression analyses indicated that spatial ability and the use of spatial strategies (maps or drawings) significantly predicted learning outcomes, with spatial strategy use explaining additional variance beyond spatial ability. In Study 2, students read the same scientific passage and took notes either by hand on paper (paper group), by hand on a large whiteboard (whiteboard group), or on a laptop computer (computer group). A similar general pattern as Study 1 was found for the paper group, but this pattern was not found for the computer or whiteboard groups, suggesting that the relationships found in Study 1 might depend on the note-taking medium. Results also indicated that students in the paper and whiteboard groups spontaneously used more spatial strategies, whereas the computer group tended to use verbal strategies (i.e., words only), suggesting that different note-taking contexts encourage different strategies.  相似文献   

Exploring Verbal,Visual and Schematic Learners' Static and Dynamic Mental Images of Scientific Species and Processes in Relation to Their Spatial Ability     

Sulaiman M. Al-Balushi 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(3):460-489

The current study compared different learners’ static and dynamic mental images of unseen scientific species and processes in relation to their spatial ability. Learners were classified into verbal, visual and schematic. Dynamic images were classified into: appearing/disappearing, linear-movement, and rotation. Two types of scientific entities and their related processes were investigated: astronomical and microscopic. The sample included 79 female students from Grades 9 and 10. For the purpose of the study, three instruments were used. The Mental Images by Guided Imagery instrument was designed to investigate participants' visualization of static and dynamic mental images. The Water-Level Task was adopted to estimate participants' spatial ability. The Learning Styles Inventory was used to classify participants into verbal, visual and schematic learners. The research findings suggest that schematic learners outperformed verbal and visual learners in their spatial ability. They also outperformed them in their vividness of microscopic images; both micro-static and micro-dynamic images; especially in the case of appearing/disappearing images. The differences were not significant in the case of astronomical images. The results also indicate that appearing/disappearing images received the least vividness scores for all three types of learners.  相似文献   

基于Oracle Spatial的上海市公交空间数据库设计与开发     

姚杨  崔巍 《郧阳师范高等专科学校学报》2007,27(6):63-65

为解决公交系统空间数据存储分离和不一致导致的数据管理困难和查询效率低下问题，提出基于Oracle Spatial的公交空间数据库解决方案，实现了空间数据的一体化存储，提高了查询和存储效率，为实现数码城市进行了有益的探讨．  相似文献   

空间观念的培养策略     

黄科华 《和田师范专科学校学报》2011,30(1):247-247

培养学生的空间观念一直是小学几何教学的重要目标。本文从认知学的角度阐述了如何培养学生空间观念,并据此提出具体教学操作设想。  相似文献   

环云南地区入境旅游与经济发展的空间溢出及门槛效应     

范嘉琪 《宜春学院学报》2020,(2):42-49

随着云南成为我国入境旅游中心,本文基于2006-2017年云、贵、川、渝、藏、桂六个地区面板数据,综合运用空间计量回归和门槛面板回归模型深入分析了六个地区入境旅游的空间相关性、空间外溢和门槛效应入境旅游对经济发展存在着非线性的空间入境旅游收入增长、入境旅游人数增长对经济增长有着显著的门槛效应。随着增长率提高,其对经济发展的弹性在减少。因此,对于经济发展水平相对低的云南、贵州,可以通过发展入境旅游来促进其经济快速增长,但对于四川、贵州、西藏,由于门槛效应的存在,需要优化旅游产品和旅游空间结构,以促进入境旅游对经济发展的作用。  相似文献   

区域水土资源的空间优化配置   总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12  

姚华荣  吴绍洪  曹明明  杨勤业 《资源科学》2004,26(1):99-106

随着人口增长和经济的快速发展,水土资源的供需矛盾日益尖锐,诸多生态环境问题也不断加剧,水土资源配置合理与否,不仅关系到社会经济的发展,而且影响着生态环境恢复与重建的进程.因而有必要进行水、土资源优化配置,尤其是水土资源空间优化配置的研究探讨.该文在已有研究的基础上总结出区域水土资源空间优化配置具体的步骤和方法是:①利用GIS技术获取水土资源空间优化配置研究的基础资料;②在区域生态环境建设效益和资源利用效益最佳的目标下,利用灰色线性规划模型对水土资源进行优化配置,获得水土资源优化配置方案簇;③利用模糊综合评判法进行方案的筛选决策;④利用GIS软件将优选方案落实到空间地块上,实现水土资源的空间优化配置.以首都圈防沙治沙典型区之一的张北县为例对水土资源空间优化配置研究方法作了进一步的说明.  相似文献   

城市地价空间的计量经济分析——以昆明市为例   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张洪  金杰 《资源科学》2007,29(4):25-32

本文首先回顾了西方城市空间结构均衡和土地利用优化理论，并以这些理论为分析框架，构建了单一中心城市地价空间分析的计量经济学模型。再运用昆明市2001年～2005年土地出让交易的实际地价案例数据，结合GIS空间分析方法，实证研究了昆明市不同用途地价的空间变化特征和影响地价空间变化的主要因素。研究显示：①不同用途的土地利用方式，地价空间变化各不相同；影响各类用途地价空间变化的因素不完全相同；单中心城市地价空间变化的最主要影响因素应该是离市中心距离; ②随着城镇土地有偿有限期制度的确立和土地及房地产市场的不断发育，中国省会级单一中心城市土地利用及其表现形式——地价空间分布，越来越接近西方城市空间结构均衡模式。但是，由于历史的沉淀和改革的不完善，中国城市地价空间分布和土地利用仍有相当多的不完善之处，需要通过深化土地和房地产管理改革来加以改进。本研究可为政府部门制定城市建设和土地开发及房地产管理政策提供决策参考。  相似文献