关于三段论一般规则存在依据的思考     

马养新 《陕西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2001,30(1):83-91

三段论理论是人类有史以来第一个真正的理论体系.选择有效式是构造三段论理论重要的一环.三段论一般规则是一种最简单实用的选择方法,但却存在理由不足的缺陷.包含关系的概念内涵之间所具有的蕴涵关系,能够单一地引申或者说充分地论证三段论全部一般规则,甚至能直接识别出三段论每一个具体的有效式,从而为采用一般规则做有效式选择标准的三段论理论提供了可靠的理论依据.  相似文献   

三角形重心性质拾趣——兼谈类比方法在初等数学研究中的运用     

郭李芢 《钦州学院学报》2006,21(3):5-7

运用类比推理的方法,将经过三角形重心的直线的性质推广到三维空间,导出经过三角形重心的平面的若干性质.  相似文献   

图书馆学的科学化与合理性     

刘君 《图书情报工作》2005,49(5):55-59

提出图书馆学的科学化和合理性问题。认为以图书馆这一人文社会现象作为自己研究对象的图书馆学,不可能实现绝对科学化和客观性,图书馆学科学化的实质是图书馆学的合理性,即合规律性与合目的性的统一,构建合理性图书馆学理论必须坚持科学实证与哲学人文建构相结合。  相似文献   

Guiding Low Spatial Ability Individuals through Visual Cueing: The Dual Importance of Where and When to Look     

Victoria A. Roach  Graham M. Fraser  James H. Kryklywy  Derek G.V. Mitchell  Timothy D. Wilson 《Anatomical sciences education》2019,12(1):32-42

Research suggests that spatial ability may predict success in complex disciplines including anatomy, where mastery requires a firm understanding of the intricate relationships occurring along the course of veins, arteries, and nerves, as they traverse through and around bones, muscles, and organs. Debate exists on the malleability of spatial ability, and some suggest that spatial ability can be enhanced through training. It is hypothesized that spatial ability can be trained in low-performing individuals through visual guidance. To address this, training was completed through a visual guidance protocol. This protocol was based on eye-movement patterns of high-performing individuals, collected via eye-tracking as they completed an Electronic Mental Rotations Test (EMRT). The effects of guidance were evaluated using 33 individuals with low mental rotation ability, in a counterbalanced crossover design. Individuals were placed in one of two treatment groups (late or early guidance) and completed both a guided, and an unguided EMRT. A third group (no guidance/control) completed two unguided EMRTs. All groups demonstrated an increase in EMRT scores on their second test (P < 0.001); however, an interaction was observed between treatment and test iteration (P = 0.024). The effect of guidance on scores was contingent on when the guidance was applied. When guidance was applied early, scores were significantly greater than expected (P = 0.028). These findings suggest that by guiding individuals with low mental rotation ability “where” to look early in training, better search approaches may be adopted, yielding improvements in spatial reasoning scores. It is proposed that visual guidance may be applied in spatial fields, such as STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics and medicine), surgery, and anatomy to improve student's interpretation of visual content. Anat Sci Educ. © 2018 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

Finding the missing Einsteins: Expanding the breadth of cognitive and noncognitive measures used in academic services     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2020

Education researchers, policymakers, and practitioners are concerned with identifying and developing talent for students with fewer opportunities, especially students from historically marginalized groups. An emerging body of research suggests “universally screening” or testing all students, then matching those students with appropriate educational challenges, is effective in helping marginalized students. However, most tests have focused on two areas: math and verbal reasoning. We leverage three nationally representative samples of the U.S. population at different time points that include both novel cognitive measures (e.g., spatial, mechanical, and abstract reasoning) and non-cognitive measures (e.g., conscientiousness, creativity or word fluency, leadership skill, and artistic skill) to uncover which measures would improve proportional representation of marginalized groups in talent identification procedures. We find that adding spatial reasoning measures in particular—as well as other non-cognitive measures such as conscientiousness, leadership, and creativity—are worthwhile to consider for universal screening procedures for students to narrow achievement gaps at every level of education, including for gifted students. By showing that these nontraditional measures both improve proportional representation of underrepresented groups and have reasonable predictive validity, we also broaden the definition of what it means to be “gifted” and expand opportunities for students from historically marginalized groups.  相似文献   

论重归理性的九十年代报告文学     

杨贤美 《涪陵师范学院学报》2007,23(4):58-61

九十年代的报告文学创作表现出重归理性的写作风格,由衷地歌颂社会进步和英雄人物,理性地剖析批判社会问题,沉静深入地挖掘历史是其发展的三大特点。在社会全面转型的九十年代,报告文学创作的价值是不应被轻易否定的。  相似文献   

论刑事诉讼中的“举证责任”——我国与英美法系国家“举证责任”理论之比较     

孟莉 《新乡师范高等专科学校学报》2004,18(3):33-34

由于诉讼模式和历史习惯的差异,各国法学家关于"举证责任"的观点大相径庭。通过从实体和程序两个方面对我国和英美法系国家的"举证责任"的理论进行比较,力图对我国"举证责任"的理论和立法技术起到借鉴作用。  相似文献   

Mathematical Modeling in the Primary School: Children's Construction of a Consumer Guide     

Lyn D. English 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2006,63(3):303-323

This paper examines 6th grade children's local conceptual development and mathematization processes as they worked a comprehensive mathematical modeling problem (creating a consumer guide for deciding the best snack chip) over several class periods. The children and their teachers were participating in a 3-year longitudinal teaching experiment in which sequences of mathematical modeling problems were implemented from the 5th grade (10 years of age) though to the 7th grade. In contrast to traditional problem solving, mathematical modeling requires children to generate and develop their own mathematical ideas and processes, and to form systems of relationships that are generalizable and reusable. Reported here is a detailed analysis of the iterative cycles of development of one group of children as they worked the problem, followed by a summary of the mathematization processes displayed by all groups. Children's critical reflections on their models are also reported. The results show how children can independently develop constructs and processes through meaningful problem solving. Children's development included creating systems for operationally defining constructs; selecting, categorizing, and ranking factors; quantifying quantitative and qualitative data; and transforming quantities.  相似文献   

《淮南子》的推类理论解析     

刘霖 《邵阳学院学报(社会科学版)》2005,4(6):22-24

《淮南子》所包含的逻辑思想承先启后,在推类理论上,发挥了公孙龙注重类的内涵的研究,把墨辩提出的推类之难进行了深入探索;同时把《吕氏春秋》所提的类不可必推问题作了阐发,丰富了我国古代的推类理论,推动了中国逻辑学的发展.  相似文献   

RCCL加工模型述评     

张向阳  刘娟 《赣南师范学院学报》2001,102(5):22-25

本文简述了概率推理的问题背景 ,介绍了Lovett和Schunn关于解决概率推理任务加工过程的RCCL模型 ,该模型的加工过程分为 4个阶段 :表征任务 ;构建策略 :选择策略 ;获得新的策略成功率信息。最后对该模型进行了简单评价  相似文献