Perceived and experienced stigma among people living with HIV: Examining the role of prior stigmatization on reasons for and against future disclosures     

Danielle Catona  Kathryn Greene  Kate Magsamen-Conrad  Amanda Carpenter 《Journal of Applied Communication Research》2016,44(2):136-155

HIV remains a significant health concern entering the fourth decade of the epidemic [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2014. HIV basics. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/index.html], and people living with HIV continue to grapple with stigma. This study uses Leary and Schreindorfer's [1998 Leary, M. R., &; Schreindorfer, L. S. (1998). The stigmatization of HIV and AIDS: Rubbing salt in the wound. In V. J. Derlega &; A. P. Barbee (Eds.), HIV and social interaction (pp. 12–29). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. [Google Scholar]. The stigmatization of HIV and AIDS: Rubbing salt in the wound. In V. J. Derlega &; A. P. Barbee (Eds.), HIV and social interaction (pp. 12 Lekas, H. M., Siegel, K., &; Schrimshaw, E. W. (2006). Continuities and discontinuities in the experiences of felt and enacted stigma among women with HIV/AIDS. Qualitative Health Research, 16, 1165–1190. doi:10.1177/1049732306292284[Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]–29 Lekas, H. M., Siegel, K., &; Schrimshaw, E. W. (2006). Continuities and discontinuities in the experiences of felt and enacted stigma among women with HIV/AIDS. Qualitative Health Research, 16, 1165–1190. doi:10.1177/1049732306292284[Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage] conceptualization of stigma to explore prior stigmatization on reasons for and against future disclosures. We interviewed HIV+ individuals (N?=?59) and used a combination of deductive and inductive coding to analyze participants’ responses. Deductive codes consisted of four stigma characteristics (pose a threat to others’ health and safety, deviate from group standards, create negative emotional reactions in others, and failure to contribute), experiences of feeling stigmatized due to HIV status (yes or no), and the degree to which HIV stigma was a concern (major, minor, or no concern). Inductive coding identified examples of perceived and experienced stigma and stigma concerns on future disclosure decision-making. Practical implications discuss individual, institutional, and societal stigma-reduction interventions and programs.  相似文献   

HIV感染者与体育运动     

赵宝椿  李田 《赣南师范学院学报》2006,27(3):100-103

目的:探讨体育运动对艾滋病毒感染者免疫功能的影响,以及艾滋病毒感染者运动比赛时的传染性和预防措施.结果:适度的体育运动可以提高艾滋病毒感染者的免疫功能,并作为辅助治疗手段在艾滋病毒感染者的综合治疗中起着重要作用.至今还未发现因从事体育运动及比赛而感染艾滋病的病例,但在运动中当血液明显暴露在开放性创口时,艾滋病毒的传播是可能的.预防的措施应注重对出血的及时发现和处理,并加强对运动员的教育和特殊管理.  相似文献   

Educational software for simulating risk of HIV infection     

Rothberg  Madeleine A.  Sandberg  Sonja  Awerbuch  Tamara E. 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》1994,3(1):65-70

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从综合治理角度论我国艾滋病防治对策     

方惠祥  宋旭日 《岳阳职业技术学院学报》2006,21(1):51-53

艾滋病(AIDS)是由人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)引起的严重传染病。该病流行迅速,病死率高,给社会造成严重威胁。如何遏制AIDS的流行态势是摆在我国政府、全体医务人员和社会工作者面前的重大课题。其防治应从流行病学、社会学和法学等多角度进行综合治理。  相似文献   

Co-evolution of physical and social technologies in clinical practice: The case of HIV treatments     

Monica Merito  Andrea Bonaccorsi 《Research Policy》2007,36(7):1070-1087

In this paper, we investigate the interplay of clinical knowledge and technological capabilities in the recent development of HIV/AIDS treatments and offer qualitative and quantitative evidence from the empirical setting of Italian practice. The study contributes to the literature on the co-evolution of physical and social technologies in medical innovation by showing how professional guidelines, systematic evaluative research and local coordination mechanisms contribute actively to the resolution of the uncertainty that surrounds technological advances, while leaving room for largely discretional therapeutic choices. The resulting variety in implementation strategies improves health outcomes, but may reduce productive efficiency.  相似文献   

运动对艾滋病疗效的探索     

高慧林 《福建体育科技》2007,26(4):39-40

文章从运动对艾滋病人免疫系统影响的世界研究概况、运动疗法对我国艾滋病这一弱势群体实施的必要性、运动疗法的适宜运动形式、运动量、运动时间、把握原则等几个方面进行了一定的阐述,并对艾滋病人参加运动延缓艾滋病的进一步发展提出了相应的建议。  相似文献   

国际重要艾滋病研究基金发展态势的信息研究     

张宏梁  肖宏 《中国科学基金》2007,21(4):218-222

最近20多年艾滋病在全球的蔓延对各国经济发展、社会稳定和人民健康造成了严重的危害,引起全球的广泛关注,世界各国有关投入日益加大。本文对目前国际上若干重要的艾滋病研究基金进行了总结分析。从这些基金的资助额度、资助方式、资助方向等方面来分析国际上艾滋病研究发展态势,以期为我国艾滋病研究提供一定的借鉴。  相似文献   

全球基金艾滋病项目的中国实践——以甘肃省为例     

张宁  赵利生 《中国软科学》2011,(6)

以全球基金艾滋病五轮、六轮、滚动整合项目在甘肃省的实践为观察案例,通过对全球基金艾滋病项目在甘肃省防艾工作的作用分析,讨论全球基金艾滋病项目在实施中面临的问题和对经后防艾工作的思考。分析表明:全球基金艾滋病项目总体上有利于促进甘肃省的整体防艾工作,特别是对《甘肃省预防与控制艾滋病中长期规划(2001-2010年)》、《甘肃省遏制与防治艾滋病行动计划(2006-2010)》的任务目标完成有重要补充作用,但也存在诸如社会组织内涵建设滞后、外展干预深度力度不够、探索在民族聚居地区防艾对策方法不多等问题。在甘肃省新一轮防艾行动计划(2011-2015年)中,整合后的甘肃省全球基金艾滋病项目(RCC)需要紧密结合因地制宜的实施策略,才能在防艾工作中发挥出最大项目效能。  相似文献   

Towards an integrated framework for accelerating the end of the global HIV epidemic among young people     

Ralph J. DiClemente  Jerrold M. Jackson 《Sex education》2014,14(5):609-621

For decades, the HIV epidemic has exacted an enormous toll worldwide. However, trend analyses have discerned significant declines in the overall prevalence of HIV over the last two decades. More recently, advances in biomedical, behavioural, and structural interventions offer considerable promise in the battle against generalised epidemics. Despite advances in the prevention of transmission and new infections, morbidity and mortality of HIV among young people remains a considerable concern for individuals, couples, families, communities, practitioners, and policy-makers around the globe. To accelerate the end of the global HIV epidemic among young people, we must merge existing efficacious interventions with more novel, cost-effective implementation strategies to develop integrated, multi-level combination interventions. The benefits of conceptualising the HIV epidemic more broadly and adopting ecological frameworks for the development of HIV prevention programmes are critical.  相似文献   

Exploring Sexuality Education and the Burdened Teacher: A Participatory Approach in a Rural Primary School in Kenya     

SUSAN WANJIRU KIRAGU 《Pastoral Care in Education》2007,25(3):5-15

Twenty-five years since the onset of HIV/AIDS, young people aged 15–24 now make up half of new HIV infections. This paper advocates for comprehensive sexuality education as an effective panacea to reverse this, with teachers stepping up and embracing their role as sexuality educators. The exploration of this challenge is informed by a small-scale participatory study of teacher responses in a rural primary school in Nakuru district, Kenya. Dialogue was held with 18 teachers (11 females, seven males) on the challenges they faced in teaching sexuality education and teachers emerged as disorientated and embarrassed in conversations about sexuality issues with the pupils. Because sexuality education lacks a curriculum, teachers have found it challenging to integrate it into regular subjects; they also observed that parents seem resistant to addressing this at home, and thus this task falls to them.
In the study, a process of self-awareness of the need for them to step up and teach sexuality education emerges among the participants. A key finding is that participatory and dialectical interventions that can prepare teachers and develop their confidence in teaching sexuality education are required.  相似文献