Medieval and renaissance glass technology in Valdelsa (Florence). Part 1: raw materials, sands and non-vitreous finds     

U. Casellato  F. Fenzi  P. Guerriero  S. Sitran  P. A. Vigato  U. Russo  M. Galgani  M. Mendera  A. Manasse 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2003,4(4):337-353

A significant number of archaeological finds of the 13th–16th century from the Tuscan sites of Germagnana and Gambassi in Valdelsa—FI, was studied by different physico-chemical investigations (SEM–EDS, ICP, Mössbauer spectroscopy, XRD, XRF, TG-DTA) in order to contribute to clarify the production methodology and the pre-industrial glass manufacture technology. The studied samples are mainly non-vitreous finds as production waste, refractory materials, crucibles and raw materials; also vitreous finds as frits, skims, glasses (glass masses, glass working waste and finished products) have been taken into consideration. The obtained petrographic and physico-chemical data strongly suggest that both Gambassi and Germagnana glass manufactures were strictly connected with the sources of vitrifiable materials, situated in Tuscan sand quarries. In particular a comparison between sands from the neighbouring quarries and appropriate finds of the two archaeological sites evidences that the employed vitrifiable materials possibly belong to La Casina La Cava resort. The archaeological classification, based on macroscopic observation and stratigraphic position, was compared and verified with the scientific classification of the examined finds of Germagnana and Gambassi sites based on their composition, morphology and physico-chemical properties.  相似文献   

Investigations regarding the behaviour of historic glass and its surface layers towards different wavelengths applied for laser cleaning     

Farideh Fekrsanati  Stefan Klein  Jens Hildenhagen  Klaus Dickmann  Yiorgos Marakis  Aleka Manousaki  Vassilis Zafiropulos   《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2001,2(4):187

The application of lasers for the removal of superficial deposits from historic stained glass is a comparatively new field of scientific interest. Experimental studies concerning the behaviour of glass substrates and the corresponding superficial deposits towards different laser wavelengths were carried out. The experiments were performed using wavelengths of λ = 193 nm (ArF-Excimer), 308 nm (XeCl-Excimer), 355 nm (Nd:YAG third harmonic) and 1 064 nm (Nd:YAG fundamental) in comparison to λ = 248 nm (KrF-Excimer). This comparison is due to the fact that the present knowledge is based on the 248 nm wavelength. Specially prepared model glass samples representing the original fragments and samples of organic polymers (formerly used as a protective material for historic stained glasses) were used to study the effects of laser radiation and were subsequently characterised by optical microscopy.  相似文献   

自洁净玻璃的研究综述     

方向红 《安徽职业技术学院学报》2006,5(3):9-13

文章根据近年来国内外对自洁净玻璃的研究现状,对自洁净玻璃的研制方法、步骤进行了说明,对自洁净玻璃表面纳米氧化物薄膜的制备方法的研究进展状况进行了综述,并对其优缺点进行了比较。  相似文献   

从名籍到谱牒:中古中国的皇族档案     

陈鹏 《档案学通讯》2018,(1):39-43

秦汉时期的皇族档案,主要是宗室名籍和根据名籍编撰而成的帝王诸侯世谱、年谱。至中古时期（魏晋南北朝隋唐）,皇族档案的形式和编撰制度出现了新进展：在魏晋南北朝,皇族档案呈现出“谱牒化”和“士族化”倾向;至唐代,皇族谱牒编撰又展现出“制度化”和“多样化”特点。  相似文献   

浅析《玻璃学士》的创作初衷     

邱晓静 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2011,11(3):37-39

在塞万提斯的《玻璃学士》一文中塑造了另一个堂·吉诃德,主人公一生坎坷,其功成名就反而是在疯癫之时,不可不谓之造物弄人。文章着重从主人公三段人生经历对其个性加以分析,以此分析作者的创作初衷。  相似文献   

Light-induced cracking and abrasion of inkjet prints: Damage and mitigation     

Andrea Venosa  Daniel Burge  Eugene Salesin 《文物保护研究》2016,61(1):94-100

This study is part of a larger research project at the Image Permanence Institute dedicated to digital print preservation issues – the Digital Print Preservation Portal (DP3). Previous DP3 studies determined that certain digital print types are prone to cracking and/or abrasion, and that factors such as low relative humidity, pollutants, and light increase the brittleness of the ink-receiving layer of some inkjet papers. The purpose of this investigation was to explore if light also increases the propensity of inkjet prints to abrade, and to examine the potential of framing glazings to mitigate light-induced physical damage (cracking and abrasion) by attenuating some portion of the UV spectrum. Inkjet papers and prints were subjected to xenon lighting (to simulate daylight through window glass) without glazing, or in sealed framing packages with plain framing glass (soda-lime) or UV filtering glass. Before and after light exposure, brittleness, and abrasion resistance were evaluated independently using two tests: ISO 18907 (Imaging materials – Photographic films and papers – Wedge test for brittleness) and a rub test utilizing a Sutherland® Rub Tester. In this study, exposure to light increased the cracking and/or abrasion tendency of some specimens. The use of UV filtering glass reduced this light-induced propensity in all cases. Plain glass protected all samples from at least one of these two types of surface damage, but was less effective than UV glass. Light-induced brittleness and sensitivity to abrasion were mostly, though not exclusively, caused by UV radiation. It was also seen that some prints may become brittle and/or prone to abrasion in the absence of image fade. Budgeting the amount of light these objects can be exposed to, protecting them from UV radiation, and handling prints with caution especially after exhibition, is essential in order to limit physical damage.  相似文献   

New insights into brazilwood lake pigments manufacture through the use of historically accurate reconstructions     

Tatiana Vitorino  Leslie Carlyle  Vanessa Otero 《文物保护研究》2016,61(5):255-273

A multi-analytical approach for the study of brazilwood and its lake pigments was carried out based on historically accurate reconstructions. Recipes for brazilwood lakes from the fifteenth century technical text Livro de como se fazem as cores and the Winsor & Newton nineteenth century colourman's archive were reproduced and compared. Both primary sources allowed for the successful preparation of brazilwood lake pigments with colours that vary from light pink to dark red. The main steps and ingredients for the manufacture of these pigments were common in both sources, particularly the addition of Al³⁺ in the form of alum, and calcium carbonate (chalk). Reconstructions revealed that the latter acts as a pH buffer and filler, controlling the pH at which the lake pigment precipitates. The main difference between the two sources is that the nineteenth century recipes give the quantities for all ingredients, the precise temperatures and time, and achieved higher relative pigment yields (75% versus 45%). Full chemical characterisation of the reconstructions provided detailed information on the individual steps in the pigment manufacture and revealed that the presence of calcium sulphate dihydrate (gypsum) in the final pigment was a result of its formation in situ. Infrared, reflectance, and fluorescence spectroscopy proved to be essential and complementary techniques: while infrared was used to characterise additives and binders, reflectance and fluorescence data were fundamental for identifying the chromophore. The pigments and paints produced can now be used as standards for the identification and investigation of brazilwood lake pigments found in artworks.  相似文献   

从佛经材料看中古汉语之“见V”结构     

王玥雯 《襄樊学院学报》2005,26(4):75-79

中古汉语中“见V”结构的使用情况十分复杂。一方面,上承上古时期的被动式“见V”结构被继续保留、使用;另一方面,新产生的非被动式“见V”结构日趋繁荣。佛经献是研究中古汉语不可多得的宝贵材料。章以佛经材料为主要研究对象,希望新的材料可以为此论题提供新的研究视角。  相似文献   

语言艺术在体育教学中的运用     

张弘强 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2011,11(2):47-48,51

在科技高速发展的今天,学校运用高科技手段进行教学,已成必然。作为一名教育工作者,特别是一线体育教师,一定的语言表达艺术水平,是必备的基本功。语言艺术的运用,直接影响到教育教学质量。文章就体育教师的语言能力运用,提出一些想法和做法。供大家在今后的教学中参考和借鉴。同时还须提醒各位教师语言艺术能力不但缺不得,更需要大力加强训练并不断提高。  相似文献   

平板玻璃再烤成型后的化学磨砂     

沈友  丘慧澄 《惠州学院学报》1997,17(4):80-82

本文从平板玻璃的化学组成出发，结合再烤成型后玻璃表面性质的变化，提出了一套较为完善的化学磨砂法，经批量生产，成品率达99％。  相似文献