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Ivo D. Dinov Selvam Palanimalai Ashwini Khare Nicolas Christou 《Teaching Statistics》2018,40(2):64-73
Statistical inference involves drawing scientifically‐based conclusions describing natural processes or observable phenomena from datasets with intrinsic random variation. We designed, implemented, and validated a new portable randomization‐based statistical inference infrastructure ( http://socr.umich.edu/HTML5/Resampling_Webapp ) that blends research‐driven data analytics and interactive learning, and provides a backend computational library for managing large amounts of simulated or user‐provided data. We designed, implemented and validated a new portable randomization‐based statistical inference infrastructure ( http://socr.umich.edu/HTML5/Resampling_Webapp ) that blends research‐driven data analytics and interactive learning, and provides a backend computational library for managing large amounts of simulated or user‐provided data. The core of this framework is a modern randomization webapp, which may be invoked on any device supporting a JavaScript‐enabled web browser. We demonstrate the use of these resources to analyse proportion, mean and other statistics using simulated (virtual experiments) and observed (e.g. Acute Myocardial Infarction, Job Rankings) data. Finally, we draw parallels between parametric inference methods and their distribution‐free alternatives. The Randomization and Resampling webapp can be used for data analytics, as well as for formal, in‐class and informal, out‐of‐the‐classroom learning and teaching of different scientific concepts. Such concepts include sampling, random variation, computational statistical inference and data‐driven analytics. The entire scientific community may utilize, test, expand, modify or embed these resources (data, source‐code, learning activity, webapp) without any restrictions. 相似文献
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This article describes a set of Minitab macros that perform randomization and bootstrap versions of basic statistical techniques, and suggests ways in which the macros might be used in teaching statistics. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Andrew M. Lane Lindsey J. Kilgour Neal Bowes Gregory P. Whyte 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):273-278
In 1999, Wilson and Batterham proposed a new approach to assessing the test–retest stability of psychometric questionnaires. They recommended assessing the proportion of agreement – that is, the proportion of participants that record the same response to an item – using a test–retest design. They went on to use a bootstrapping technique to estimate the uncertainty of the proportion of agreement. The aims of this short communication are (1) to demonstrate that the sampling distribution of the proportion of agreement is well known (the binomial distribution), making the technique of ‘bootstrapping’ redundant, and (2) to suggest a much simpler, more sensitive method of assessing the stability of a psychometric questionnaire, based on the test–retest differences (within-individuals) for each item. Adopting methods similar to Wilson and Batterham, 97 sport students completed the Social Physique Anxiety Scale on two occasions. Test–retest differences were calculated for each item. Our results show that the proportion of agreement ignores the nature of disagreement. Items 4 and 11 showed similar agreement (44.3% and 43.3% respectively), but 89 of the participants (91.8%) differed by just - 1 point when responding to item 4, indicating a relatively stable item. In contrast, only 78 of the participants (80.4%) recorded a difference within - 1 point when responding to item 11, suggesting quite contrasting stability for the two items. We recommend that, when assessing the stability of self-report questionnaires using a 5-point scale, most participants (90%) should record test–retest differences within a reference value of - 1. 相似文献
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While bootstrapping is a computationally intensive procedure, teaching about the concept does not necessarily require any more technology than a simple calculator. This article describes an interactive teaching approach for introducing bootstrapping without using a statistics program or a computer. 相似文献
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Ricardo Sánchez-de-Madariaga José R. Fernández-del-Castillo 《Information processing & management》2009
The Yarowsky bootstrapping algorithm resolves the homograph-level word sense disambiguation (WSD) problem, which is the sense granularity level required for real natural language processing (NLP) applications. At the same time it resolves the knowledge acquisition bottleneck problem affecting most WSD algorithms and can be easily applied to foreign language corpora. However, this paper shows that the Yarowsky algorithm is significantly less accurate when applied to domain fluctuating, real corpora. This paper also introduces a new bootstrapping methodology that performs much better when applied to these corpora. The accuracy achieved in non-domain fluctuating corpora is not reached due to inherent domain fluctuation ambiguities. 相似文献
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Many machine learning algorithms have been applied to text classification tasks. In the machine learning paradigm, a general inductive process automatically builds a text classifier by learning, generally known as supervised learning. However, the supervised learning approaches have some problems. The most notable problem is that they require a large number of labeled training documents for accurate learning. While unlabeled documents are easily collected and plentiful, labeled documents are difficultly generated because a labeling task must be done by human developers. In this paper, we propose a new text classification method based on unsupervised or semi-supervised learning. The proposed method launches text classification tasks with only unlabeled documents and the title word of each category for learning, and then it automatically learns text classifier by using bootstrapping and feature projection techniques. The results of experiments showed that the proposed method achieved reasonably useful performance compared to a supervised method. If the proposed method is used in a text classification task, building text classification systems will become significantly faster and less expensive. 相似文献
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