阅读媒介会导致发展性阅读障碍吗——一项面向学龄儿童群体的实证研究     

马捷  李洪晨  郝志远 《中国图书馆学报》2022,48(5):59-72

随着数字技术的发展,多元化阅读媒体影响着读者的阅读行为、阅读方法和阅读认知能力。本研究采用实验法,以学龄儿童为被试对象,对其纸质阅读与数字阅读的表现进行分析,探究阅读媒介对各项阅读认知能力产生的影响,以及儿童在自然条件下使用纸质媒介和数字媒介进行阅读时发展性阅读障碍发生率的差异,为发展性阅读障碍阅读干预研究提供参考。研究发现,阅读媒介会影响发展性阅读障碍的发生率,数字媒介环境下发展性阅读障碍的发生率明显高于纸质媒介环境。采用数字媒介阅读时,发展性阅读障碍儿童语音能力比纸质阅读时的表现逊色,汉字识别能力、同音语素能力、多义语素能力、阅读理解能力则不存在显著差异。同时,实验还发现存在一类儿童——数字媒介性阅读障碍儿童,他们在纸质阅读时并未表现出阅读困难,而在数字阅读时表现出持续性阅读困难,该类儿童的汉字识别能力、语素能力、语音能力和阅读理解能力均受到数字媒介的影响。图2。表6。参考文献36。  相似文献   

认知科学在数字图书馆中的应用研究     

陈敬文  胡昌平  彭哲 《图书馆杂志》2008,27(12)

图书情报领域对认知科学的关注源于对信息查寻的研究,信息查寻早期的研究在许多方面存在局限性.主要可以概括为它们主要从系统的角度来研究信息查寻,这种研究扭曲了信息查寻的实质.它们往往只在信息系统的框架内调查用户行为,更多地关注系统需求而不是用户需求.本文主要从认知的角度探讨了数字图书馆的发展,并分析了认知科学与数字图书馆的关系.  相似文献   

How Persuasive Are Health Advertisements in First-Person Shooter Games? Exploring Knowledge-Activation and Thought-Disruption Mechanisms     

Jorge Peña  Subuhi Khan  Christopher N. Burrows  Hart Blanton 《Communication Research Reports》2018,35(4):293-302

This study examined whether persuasive health messages embedded in shooter games have broad or targeted effects on players’ willingness to engage in risk behaviors (N = 145). Participants presented with in-game health messages discouraging alcohol-impaired driving of motor vehicles showed reduced willingness to drink alcohol and to operate both motor and nonmotor vehicles, compared to those in a no-message gaming control condition. There were no spillover effects on willingness to smoke cigarettes or marijuana, thus implying targeted persuasive effects. In addition, players experiencing high instead of low cognitive load showed decreased postexperiment willingness to drink and operate nonmotor vehicles, thus suggesting that playing a game under high cognitive load can influence players’ attitudes. The findings replicate previous research and further expand on knowledge-activation and thought-disruption mechanisms underlying the persuasiveness of health messages.  相似文献   

社交媒体用户转移行为影响因素模型及实证研究     

王晰巍  贾若男  王雷  韦亚楠 《图书情报工作》2018,62(18):45-54

[目的/意义]探究社交媒体用户转移行为的影响因素,拓宽社交媒体用户行为的研究范围,以期为相关理论研究提供参考,并对社交媒体运营商提高服务质量、增加用户粘性提供借鉴。[方法/过程]基于期望确认理论、沉浸理论以及信息系统成功模型构建理论模型,重点关注社交媒体系统质量、信息质量、服务质量、沉浸体验以及用户社交媒体使用满意度是否会以及会在多大程度上影响用户转移行为。通过问卷调查法获得数据,利用SPSS和AMOS分析软件进行数据的分析和假设的验证。[结果/结论]通过分析可知社交媒体系统质量、信息质量、服务质量以及沉浸体验对用户满意度具有正向影响,而用户满意度负向影响转移行为。  相似文献   

高速PCB中过孔引起的同步开关噪声抑制研究     

刘永勤 《渭南师范学院学报》2011,(12):42-45

高速PCB中，由于过孔数量较多导致信号产生严重畸变．文章首先分析了过孔对高速信号质量的影响，然后通过在过孔周围添加去耦电容器来抑制同步开关噪声（SSN）．结果表明，在过孔周围添加去耦电容器可以有效地减小同步开关噪声，使得信号波动峰值减小，提高了信号质量．  相似文献   

In the hearts and minds of employees: A model of pre-adoptive appraisal toward artificial intelligence in organizations     

《International Journal of Information Management》2021

Organizations face increasing pressure to implement artificial intelligence (AI) within a variety of business processes and functions. Many perceived benefits surround AI, but a considerable amount of trepidation also exists because of the potential of AI to replace human employees and dehumanize work. Questions regarding the future of work in the age of AI are particularly salient in pre-adoption organizations, before employees have the opportunity to gain direct experience with AI. To cope with this potentially stressful situation, employees engage in cognitive appraisal processes based on their own knowledge and personal use of AI. These pre-adoptive appraisals of AI influence both affective and cognitive attitudes, which in turn trigger behavioral responses that influence an organization’s ability to leverage AI successfully. Our survey of 363 Taiwanese employees shows that perceptions of AI’s operational and cognitive capabilities are positively related to affective and cognitive attitudes toward AI, while concerns regarding AI have a negative relationship with affective attitude only. Interaction effects of employee knowledge and affective attitude are also observed. This work’s main contribution lies in the development of an empirically-tested model of the potential impact of AI on organizations from an employee perspective in the pre-adoption phase. These results have practical implications for how organizations prepare for the arrival of this transformative technology.  相似文献   

Learning executive function skills by playing focused video games     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2017

The objective of the present study was to determine whether it is possible to design a video game that could help students improve their executive function skill of shifting between competing tasks and the conditions under which playing the game would lead to improvements on cognitive tests of shifting. College students played a custom video game, Alien Game, which required the executive function skill of shifting between competing tasks. When students played for 2 h over 4 sessions they developed significantly better performance on cognitive shifting tests compared to a control group that played a different game (d = 0.62), but not when they played for 1 h over 2 sessions. Students who played Alien Game at a high level of challenge (i.e., reaching a high level in the game) developed significantly better performance on cognitive shifting tests compared to controls when they played for 2 h (Experiment 1, d = 1.44), but not when they played for 1 h (Experiment 2). Experiment 3 replicated the results of Experiment 1 using an inactive control group, showing that playing Alien Game for 2 h resulted in significant improvements in shifting skills (d = 0.78). Results show the effectiveness of playing a custom-made game that focuses on a specific executive function skill for sufficient time at an appropriate level of challenge. Results support the specific transfer of general skills theory, in which practice of a cognitive skill in a game context transferred to performance on the same skill in a non-game context.  相似文献   

The Appliance of Code Switching in the SM Language     

LI Chang 《海外英语》2014,(9)

Code-switching, a natural phenomenon that consists of alternating two or more languages in bilinguals ’discourse, has traditionally been examined in its oral production. For over three decades, much at...  相似文献   

Effects of pairs of problems and examples on task performance and different types of cognitive load     

《Learning and Instruction》2014

In two studies, we investigated whether a recently developed psychometric instrument can differentiate intrinsic, extraneous, and germane cognitive load. Study I revealed a similar three-factor solution for language learning (n = 108) and a statistics lecture (n = 174), and statistics exam scores correlated negatively with the factors assumed to represent intrinsic and extraneous cognitive load during the lecture. In Study II, university freshmen who studied applications of Bayes' theorem in example–example (n = 18) or example–problem (n = 18) condition demonstrated better posttest performance than their peers who studied the applications in problem–example (n = 18) or problem–problem (n = 20) condition, and a slightly modified version of the aforementioned psychometric instrument could help researchers to differentiate intrinsic and extraneous cognitive load. The findings provide support for a recent reconceptualization of germane cognitive load as referring to the actual working memory resources devoted to dealing with intrinsic cognitive load.  相似文献   

论信念在认识活动中的双重作用     

韩高良 《温州大学学报(社会科学版)》2010,23(1)

信念在人们的认识活动中发挥着双重作用.一方面,信念起到纽带、选择、动力、预测和定向的积极作用;另一方面,它起到僵化、误导和抑制的消极作用.  相似文献