Parental absence,child victimization,and psychological well-being in rural China     

《Child abuse & neglect》2016

Using cross-sectional data regarding 793 rural children aged 10–16 in Sichuan Province of China, the present study examined the preceding-year rates of seven forms of child victimization (physical assault, property crime, peer/sibling victimization, child maltreatment, sexual victimization, witnessing family violence, and exposure to community violence) and poly-victimization, and found children’s victimization experiences increased as the degree of parental absence increased (from the presence of two biological parents, to parental migration and parental separation and divorce). Elevated levels of depression were also found among left-behind children and children of separated or divorced parents, compared to children living with both biological parents; and child poly-victimization added to the risk of child depression. Certain demographic characteristics (being a boy and younger) and parental factors were associated with child victimization in rural China. This study highlights the need for child protection in rural China, and in particular for parent-absent children.  相似文献   

Parents' views of the efficacy of conductive education in Sweden     

Lena Lind 《欧洲特需教育杂志》2013,28(1):42-54

Parents of children who have participated in a conductive education programme in Sweden were asked questions about their reasons for choosing the programme, the expectations they had of it and how they were fulfilled. The results showed that the parents were satisfied with the development of their child, and wanted to continue to take part in further courses with their child. They appreciated the intensive training and found it motivating and enjoyable for the child. They wanted an intensive training for their child because they believed that active training could help the child to develop. The parents learned more about cerebral palsy at the courses and now understood why and how they could train their child. Most of the parents continued the training at home with the child. They experienced financial difficulties in participating in further courses, and found it difficult to stay away from work and family for a long period of time.  相似文献   

论公平理论对教师激励的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

阎蔚 《浙江教育学院学报》2005,(2):6-10

在影响教师工作积极性的诸多因素中,公平感是极为重要的因素.美国行为科学家亚当斯的公平理论能帮助学校管理者科学地分析教师的公平感,有效地实施公平激励,以提升教师的公平感.  相似文献   

Child and family traumatic stress intervention (CFTSI) reduces parental posttraumatic stress symptoms: A multi-site meta-analysis (MSMA)     

《Child abuse & neglect》2019

BackgroundFollowing traumatization, caregiver support is a crucial factor contributing to children's successful management of posttraumatic reactions and their recovery. Caregivers who have been traumatically impacted themselves, however, may be compromised in this posttraumatic caregiving role. Although there are a number of evidence-based child trauma treatments that are effective in reducing children's trauma symptoms, the impact of child treatment on participating caregiver's posttraumatic symptoms (PTS) has received less attention.ObjectiveExplore PTS reduction caregivers experience through participation in their child's evidence-based trauma-focused mental health treatment.Participants and setting640 Child-Caregiver dyads referred for the Child and Family Traumatic Stress Intervention (CFTSI) following formal disclosure of abuse in a Child Advocacy Center (CAC).MethodsData were collected from 10 community treatment sites trained in CFTSI. A multi-site meta-analytic approach was used to evaluate pooled and site-specific therapeutic effect sizes for caregivers and children.ResultsCFTSI was associated with significant changes (Hedge's g = 1.17, Child-rated; g = 0.66, caregiver-rated) in children's PTS and with clinically meaningful improvements in PTS for 62% of participating caregivers who had started CFTSI with clinical levels of PTS as measured by the Post Traumatic Checklist–Civilian Version (PCL-C). The overall mean PCL-C change (9.31, SD = 12.9) in paired, pre-post PCL-C scores is close to a clinically meaningful change of 10 or higher. There was a robust moderate pooled effect size (g = 0.70, N = 640, p < 0.0001).ConclusionThe value of a reduction in caregiver PTS as a secondary outcome of children's trauma-focused treatment is discussed.  相似文献   

基于GIS的干旱区土壤盐渍化敏感性评价——以渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为例     

买买提·沙吾提  塔西甫拉提·特依拜  丁建丽  张飞 《资源科学》2012,34(2):353-358

本文根据研究区域的自然环境特征,在GIS支持下,通过单因子分析和多因子综合评价相结合,对研究区域土壤盐渍化敏感性进行了评价,明确了土壤盐渍化敏感性分布规律及其地域差异。结果表明,研究区域土壤盐渍化危险性较严重—敏感性区域主要以中度敏感性、轻度敏感性为主,其中土壤盐渍化重度敏感区面积占绿洲总面积的15%,中度敏感区占31%,轻度敏感区占30%;不敏感区面积占35%;从整个研究区来看,盐渍化敏感性的分布呈现出以下特点：一是盐渍化危险性区域,尤其是中度、重度敏感区域呈大面积区域性分布,轻度敏感性区域呈片状或斑点状断续分布;二是盐渍化危险性东部高于西部,南部高于北部的趋势。  相似文献   

New media environments’ comparative effects upon intercultural sensitivity: A five-dimensional analysis     

Amy Jo Coffey  Rasha Kamhawi  Paul Fishwick  Julie Henderson 《Int J Intercult Relat》2013

An experimental 2 (channel) × 2 (gender) × 3 (time) mixed factorial design (N = 159) was applied to test and compare how individual dimensions of intercultural sensitivity might be affected by two channels: a virtual environment (i.e., Second Life^®) versus a Web environment. Using a modified version of Chen and Starosta's Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS), the study sought to identify which of the five ISS dimensions played the most influential role in intercultural sensitivity outcomes: interaction enjoyment, interaction engagement, interaction confidence, interaction attentiveness, or respect for cultural differences. Results showed that one's willingness and effort toward understanding an intercultural interaction – interaction attentiveness – played the greatest and most statistically significant role in intercultural sensitivity outcomes, and that this effect was greatest within the virtual environment channel. Gender effects were also found, in which men experienced greater enjoyment but women expressed more attentiveness.  相似文献   

游泳初学者水感训练初探   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

成红 《体育科研》1998,(4)

本文通过对体育专业游泳普修课游泳初学者进行适当水感训练,提高游泳初学者躯体感受器的敏感度,提高对水的感知能力,促进蛙泳技术的掌握,从而提高蛙泳成绩。提示水感具有一定的可训练性。  相似文献   

父母教养方式对高职学生诚信心理发展的影响     

LING Huai-yan WANG Li-juan 《湖南民族职业学院学报》2007,(2)

不同年级的高职学生在诚信心理发展上存在显著差异,父母教养方式与高职学生诚信心理发展密切相关,父亲的拒绝否认、偏爱被试对诚信心理发展有一定的负向预测作用。  相似文献   

Unintended pregnancy as a predictor of child maltreatment     

《Child abuse & neglect》2015

Whereas child maltreatment research has developed considerable evidence on post-natal risk-factors, pre-natal circumstances have been largely overlooked. The circumstances surrounding a pregnancy may considerably impact the environment in which later parenting behaviors occur. This study examines one of the earliest potentially identifiable risk-factors for child maltreatment: the intentions of a pregnancy. Utilizing both mother and father reports, this study focuses on maltreatment risk, as it relates with both parents’ perspectives of the pregnancy's intention. Drawing upon data from the Fragile Families and Child Well Being study, a longitudinal, birth cohort study, survey questions were used that asked parents, at the time of the birth, whether they considered abortion for the child. Unintended pregnancy demonstrates predictive value as one of the earliest identifiable risk-factors for child maltreatment. Regardless of whether the mother or father reported the unintended pregnancy, the relationship with maltreating behavior is largely the same, although for different maltreatment types. Mothers’ reports of unintended pregnancy are associated with psychological aggression, and neglect. Fathers’ reports of unintended pregnancy are associated with physical aggression. Fathers’ perspectives regarding pregnancy intentions matter just as much as mothers,’ and accounting for their perspectives could be important in understanding the maltreating behaviors of both parents. Identifiable in the earliest stages of caregiving, unintended pregnancy may be an important risk-factor in predicting and understanding child maltreatment.  相似文献   

The cross-lagged relations between children’s academic skill development, task-avoidance, and parental beliefs about success     

Katrin Mägi  Marja-Kristiina LerkkanenAnna-Maija Poikkeus  Helena Rasku-PuttonenJari-Erik Nurmi 《Learning and Instruction》2011,21(5):664-675

This longitudinal study investigated the cross-lagged associations between children’s academic skill development, task-avoidant behaviour in the context of homework, and parental beliefs about their child’s success from kindergarten to Grade 2. The participants were 1267 children. The children’s pre-skills were assessed at the end of the kindergarten year, and math and reading skills at the end of Grade 1 and Grade 2. Parents provided ratings of their beliefs about their children’s school success and task-avoidant behaviour with regard to homework at the end of Grades 1 and 2. The results showed that children’s math and reading skills predicted children’s task-avoidant behaviour regarding homework as rated by mothers, but not by fathers, when autoregressive effects were taken into account. In addition, task-avoidant behaviour predicted the mothers’ subsequent beliefs about their children’s school success but not vice versa. A reciprocal effect was found between fathers’ beliefs about success and children’s task-avoidance.  相似文献